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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 62 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 22 no. 11 (2021)" : 62 Documents clear
Representative benthic habitat mapping on Lovina coral reefs in Northern Bali, Indonesia Anggita Kartikasari; TODHI PRISTIANTO; RIZKI HANINTYO; EGHBERT ELVAN AMPOU; TEJA ARIEF WIBAWA; BERTA BERLIAN BORNEO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221108

Abstract

Abstract. Kartikasari A, Pristianto T, Hanintyo R, Ampou EE, Wibawa TA, Borneo BB. 2021. Representative benthic habitat mapping on Lovina coral reefs in Northern Bali, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4766-4774. Satellite optical imagery datasets integrated with in situ measurements are widely used to derive the spatial distribution of various benthic habitats in coral reef ecosystems. In this study, an approach to estimate spatial coverage of those habitats based on observation derived from Sentinel-2 optical imagery and a field survey, is presented. This study focused on the Lovina coral reef ecosystem of Northern Bali, Indonesia to support deployment of artificial reefs within the Indonesian Coral Reef Garden (ICRG) programme. Three specific locations were explored: Temukus, Tukad Mungga, and Baktiseraga waters. Spatial benthic habitat coverages of these three waters was estimated based on supervised classification techniques using 10m bands of Sentinel-2 imagery and the medium scale approach (MSA) transect method of in situ measurement.The study indicates that total coverage of benthic habitat is 61.34 ha, 25.17 ha, and 27.88 ha for Temukus, Tukad Mungga, and Baktiseraga waters, respectively. The dominant benthic habitat of those three waters consists of sand, seagrass, coral, rubble, reef slope and intertidal zone. The coral reef coverage is 29.48 ha (48%) for Temukus covered by genus Acropora, Isopora, Porites, Montipora, Pocillopora. The coverage for Tukad Mungga is 8.69 ha (35%) covered by genus Acropora, Montipora, Favia, Psammocora, Porites, and the coverage for Baktiseraga is 11.37 ha (41%) covered by genus Montipora sp, Goniastrea, Pavona, Platygyra, Pocillopora, Porites, Acropora, Leptoseris, Acropora, Pocillopora, Fungia. The results are expected to be suitable as supporting data in restoring coral reef ecosystems in the northern part of Bali, especially in Buleleng District.
Trend of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) monthly distribution in Sanandaj County of Iran Bahadin Salavati; AMIR HOSSEIN ZAHIRNIA; Hassan Nasirian; SHAHYAD AZARI-HAMIDIAN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221101

Abstract

Abstract. Salavati B, Zahirnia AH, Nasirian H, Hamidian SA. 2021. Trend of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) monthly distribution in Sanandaj County of Iran. Biodiversitas 22: 4705-4715. Mosquitoes are the most significant arthropods of medical importance due to their burden of transmitting pathogens and parasites. The present study was designed to investigate the distribution of mosquitos (Diptera: Culicidae) in Sanandaj County in 2018. Sanandaj County was divided into four areas in rural and urban areas, including north, south, east, and west. Four rural and urban areas were randomly selected from four geographical directions. A sampling of larval and adult mosquitoes was performed using standard methods. The dipping technique was used to collect the mosquito larvae. A sampling of adult mosquitoes was performed during feeding on humans and animal baits and resting in the natural indoors, outdoors, and artificial areas. Light traps were also used to collect adult mosquitoes. The larval and adult specimens were identified using the morphology-based key. In total, nine mosquito species, including Anopheles maculipennis s.l., Anopheles superpictus s.l., Culiseta longiareolata, Culiseta subochrea, Culex hortensis, Culex mimeticus, Culex modestus, Culex pipiens, and Culex theileri were inhabited in Sanandaj County. The larval and adult mosquito species trend remains constant for at least 6 months of a year, from May to October. One-way ANOVA didn't reveal a significant difference between mosquito breeding places' habitats and water types, mosquito localities and life stages, monthly mosquito distribution, and adult mosquito resting places. The frequency trends of larval and adult mosquito species remain constant at least for 6 months of a year. It needs to be ready for timely mosquito control measures.
Nitrogen-fixation and phosphate-solubilization bacteria isolated from alluvial and latosol soil paddy field IKHWANI IKHWANI; NONON SARIBANON; TATANG MITRA SETIA; ERNY YUNIARTI; Jumakir Jumakir
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221103

Abstract

Abstract. Ikhwani, Saribanon N, Setia TM, Yuniarti E, Jumakir. 2021. Nitrogen-fixation and phosphate-solubilization bacteria isolated from alluvial and latosol soil paddy field. Biodiversitas 22: 4722-4730. This study aims to isolate, select and identify molecular characterization of bacteria from alluvial and latosol soil paddy field. This study has been conducted from February-June 2020 in the Soil Biology Laboratory, ICALRRD, Bogor. Alluvial and latosol soil samples were selected from Pusakanagara and Muara experimental gardens, Muara district. The result showed that bacteria growth in N-free media was higher from latosol soil as compared to alluvial soil. The higher nitrogenase activity isolates, could form ethylene gas concentration 1.1.E + 09 µmol/mL/hours, 1.7.E + 09 µmol/mL/hours and 1.3.E + 09 µmol/mL/hours from  alluvial 6, latosol 4, and latosol 9.  Three isolates have great PSB performances, i.e. isolates No. 4.2, 2.1 and 2 could dissolve 14.398 mg l-1, 12.648 mg l-1 and 12.145 mg l-1 of phosphate, from latosol soil. The highest N-fixing and solubilization capacity identified by molecular characterization i.e latosol 4, 4.2 and alluvial 7.1, alluvial-1.11. The phylogeny analyzed the presence of bacterial isolates in two distinct groups. Latosol 3.1 and latosol 4.2 isolates clustered in the same as the genus Lysinibacillus bacteria. The Alluvial 7.1 bacterial isolate showed similarities by Fictibacillus sp. and alluvial 1.2 isolate showed similarities by the genus Bacillus sp.
Biodiversity of epiphytic periphyton in the leaves of the seagrass bed of Talawaan Bajo Estuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia Nova L.I.M. Ogi; Endang Yuli Herawati; Yenny Risjani; Mohammad Mahmudi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221118

Abstract

Abstract. Ogi NLIM, Herawati EY, Risjani Y, Mahmudi M. 2021. Biodiversity of epiphytic periphyton in the leaves of the seagrass bed of Talawaan Bajo Estuary, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4857-4864. This study aimed to analyze the diversity of epiphytic periphyton on the leaves of the seagrass bed of Talawaan Bajo estuary North Sulawesi Indonesia. The study was performed in three sampling points by using the line transect method with 50x50 cm2. The sampling points were located in front of the residential area, the mangrove forest, and in budo Cape. Seagrass and periphyton communities were analyzed for species density, relative frequency, diversity, evenness, and dominance index. Water quality and heavy metal Hg were also measured. The results showed that Cymodocea rotundata was the dominant seagrass based on species density and frequency distribution. Periphyton composition on the leaf of C. rotundata consisted of Bacillariophyceae (16 genera), Cyanophyceae (3 genera), Chlorophyceae (9 genera), Dinophyceae (1 genus), and Rhodophyceae (1 genus). The water quality, such as phosphate, current, nitrate, dissolved oxygen, and Hg content in the water, contributed to changing the environmental condition of Talawaan Bajo waters. Therefore, the efforts to manage coastal resource conservation in the Talawaan Bajo estuary require more concern from the government and stakeholders of Talawaan Bajo.
Composition, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns on Cyathea junghuhniana in Gede-Pangrango National Park, Indonesia Uswatun Hasanah; Hadisunarso Hadisunarso; Titien Ngatinem Praptosuwiryo
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221132

Abstract

Abstract. Hasanah U, Hadisunarso, Praptosuwiryo TN. 2021. Composition, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns on Cyathea junghuhniana in Gede-Pangrango National Park, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4968-4976. Epiphytic ferns are a significant component of tropical forests worldwide and contribute significantly to the high species diversity found in tropical regions. Tree ferns are important phorophytes for the establishment and occurrence of epiphytic fern species in tropical forests. The first detailed description of the diversity and abundance of epiphytic ferns on the tree fern Cyathea junghuhniana (Kunze) Copel.  in a natural forest of Indonesia is provided. This study aimed to determine the species composition, richness, abundance, community structure, and vertical distribution of epiphytic ferns growing on the tree fern C.  junghuhniana in the mountain forest of Gede-Pangrango National Park, West Java, Indonesia. The 35 tree fern caudices of at least 3 m height were selected by purposive random sampling. Each tree fern was divided into intervals of 1 meter from ground level to a height of three meters, thus obtaining 105 one-meter samples of the epiphytic fern community on tree fern caudices stratified according to height. The Importance Value Index (IVI) was estimated for each species of epiphyte based on the frequency of occurrence on caudices. The 35 tree fern caudices hosted 760 fern epiphytes belonging to 12 species of 9 genera and 6  families. The highest species richness occurred in Polypodiaceae. The species with the highest Importance Value Index (IVI = 1.24 %) was Nephrolepis davallioides (Sw.) Kunze, with increasing frequency from bottom to top of the caudex.
Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of wild mushrooms growing in tropical regions ELISA HERAWATI; RICO RAMADHAN; FARIDA ARIYANI; MARJENAH MARJENAH; IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA; WIWIN SUWINARTI; DJUMALI MARDJI; RUDIANTO AMIRTA; ENOS TANGKE ARUNG
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221102

Abstract

Abstract. Herawati E, Ramadhan R, Ariyani F, Marjenah, Kusuma IW, Suwinarti W, Mardji D, Amirta R, Arung ET. 2021. Phytochemical screening and antioxidant activity of wild mushrooms growing in tropical regions. Biodiversitas 22: 4716-4721. This study aims to determine the presence of secondary metabolites which generally have bioactivity that is antioxidant with phytochemical tests and antioxidant tests in Auricularia auricula, Schyzophyllum commune, Microporus xanthopus, and Trametes versicolor fungi that grow in the wild. Phytochemical analysis was carried out by testing color changes and modifications, while antioxidant tests were carried out by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and a DPPH solution (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl). This research found that edible wood fungus that grows, wild such as A. auricula, contains secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, triterpenoids, saponins, and tannins, but does not contain steroids, alkaloids, carotenoids, or coumarin, while S. commune contains secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, steroids, tannins, and coumarin, but does not contain triterpenoids, alkaloids, carotenoids, or saponins and non-edible wood fungus, such as M. xanthopus, contains secondary metabolites, namely, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, coumarin, and steroids, but does not contain triterpenoids, alkaloids, or carotenoids, while T. versicolor contains compounds, secondary metabolites, flavonoids, saponin, tannins, coumarin, and triterpenoids, but does not contain steroids, alkaloids, or carotenoids. The antioxidant test results are based on IC50 calculations; it is known that the IC50 value of A. auricula is 499.25 g/mL, while S. commune is 121.37 g/mL, M. xanthopus is 251.20 g/mL, and T. versicolor is 493.04 g/mL. Based on the research results, edible and inedible wood mushroom extracts contain several phytochemicals and show potential for antioxidant activity.
Genome analysis of Lysinibacillus sphaericus isolate 6.2 pathogenic to Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae) Afiannisa Viersanova; Hari Purwanto
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221160

Abstract

Abstract. Viersanova A, Purwanto H. 2021. Genome analysis of Lysinibacillus sphaericus isolate 6.2 pathogenic to Culex quinquefasciatus Say, 1823 (Diptera: Culicidae). Biodiversitas 22: 5211-5222. Lysinibacillus sphaericus is an entomopathogenic bacteria that is specific to vector mosquitoes, especially Culex spp., and Anopheles spp., so it has been widely used as a bioinsecticide. L. sphaericus has a wide variation of toxicity efficiencies, which have led to continuous exploration of new isolates with higher toxicity and a new toxin to deal with resistance problems. This study aimed to identify the genomic characteristics and toxin characteristics of isolate 6.2 based on whole genome analysis and analyze the identification of isolate 6.2. Isolate 6.2 was previously obtained from rhizosphere in Yogyakarta. To analyze the genome and toxins, the NGS technique was used and then the analysis was carried out using a couple of freely available bioinformatics tools. Molecular identification was carried out with the 16SrRNA gene and the relationship was analyzed by reconstructing the phylogenetic tree using Neighbours-Joining. The genomic analysis of isolate 6.2 showed good results with G+C content and genome size that matched the reference genome of L. sphaericus. The result of the 16SrRNA gene blasting showed that the closest related gene of isolate 6.2 is L. fusiformis (NR_042072.1). However, the reconstructed phylogenetic tree did not show the formation of clusters according to the species. Toxin analysis indicates that isolate 6.2 has Mtx, s-layer protein, hemolysin, and chitin-binding protein genes. All of which are known to be associated with the toxicity of L. sphaericus to binary toxin resistant population of Culex quinquefasciatus.
Rice cultivar selection in an agroforestry system through GGE-biplot and EBLUP Taufan Alam; Priyono Suryanto; Supriyanta Supriyanta; Panjisakti Basunanda; Rani Agustina Wulandari; Dody Kastono; Muhammad Habib Widyawan; Nurmansyah NURMANSYAH; Taryono TARYONO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221106

Abstract

Abstract. Alam T, Suryanto P, Supriyanta, Basunanda P, Wulandari RA, Kastono D, Widyawan MH, Nurmansyah, Taryono. 2021. Rice cultivar selection in an agroforestry system through GGE-biplot and EBLUP. Biodiversitas 22: 4750-4757. Genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI) causes differences in the productivity of rice cultivars in agroforestry systems. For this reason, the stability of rice cultivars is an important aspect that should be considered before a cultivar is recommended to farmers. Superior genotypes and ideal environments are commonly identified using two statistical models, namely, genotype–genotype-by-environment biplot (GGE-biplot) and empirical best linear unbiased prediction (EBLUP). In this study, 15 rice cultivars were evaluated in terms of their productivity and stability in three soil types (Lithic Haplusterts, Ustic Epiaquerts, and Vertic Haplustalfs) in an agroforestry system with kayu putih (Melaleuca cajuputi) in 2019 and 2020 at the Menggoran Forest Resort, Playen Forest Section, Yogyakarta Forest Management District, Indonesia. The cultivars were treated as random effects to select and obtain the EBLUP of the best cultivars in each soil type. The EBLUP revealed that Situ Patenggang showed the highest yields of 4.887 and 5.456 tons ha?1 in Lithic Haplusterts and Vertic Haplustalfs, respectively. GM 28 exhibited the highest yield of 6.492 tons ha?1 in Ustic Epiaquerts. Ciherang, GM 2, GM 8, GM 11, GM 28, Inpari 6 Jete, Inpari 33, IR-64, and Way Apo Buru were classified as stable and fairly stable cultivars, whereas the other cultivars were unstable. Therefore, rice cultivars with high yields in specific soil types should be selected.
Morphological and molecular identifications of three native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of Elaeis guineensis and Jatropha curcas in Indonesia Maria Viva Rini; Fitri Yelli; Darwin Leonardo Tambunan; Inggar Damayanti
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221128

Abstract

Abstract. Rini MV, Yelli F, Tambunan DL, Damayanti I. 2021. Morphological and molecular identifications of three native arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi isolated from the rhizosphere of Elaeis guineensis and Jatropha curcas in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4940-4947. Molecular analysis has been widely used to provide more accurate identification within arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) species than identification based on morphology. However, morphological analysis is essential for a basic preliminary of classification studies. Therefore, a study is needed to complete the identification of AMF isolates through morphological and molecular analyses. This research used three AMF isolates, namely MV 5, MV 17, and MV 18, which were isolated from Indonesian agricultural land. Spore-based taxonomy (shape, size, color, ornamentation, PVLG, and Melzer’s reaction) and fungal colonization on roots of maize trap plants were employed for the morphological studies. AMF species identification was performed using molecular analysis through nested-Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to amplify a fragment of SSU rRNA followed by sequencing and phylogenetic tree construction. Morphological analysis showed that MV 5 had spores borne from the neck of the sporiferous saccule, MV 17 was found to have a bulbous suspensor without a germination shield, and MV 18 had spores borne from subtending hyphae. The SSUR rRNA analysis revealed that MV 5, MV 15, and MV 18 were identified as Acaulospora longula, Gigaspora margarita, and Glomus etunicatum, respectively. Both morphological and molecular methods demonstrated reliable and consistent results that complement AMF taxonomy studies.
Resilience response to yellow leaf curl disease and identification of resistance gene analogs (RGA) in pepper (Capsicum annuum) Dyan Kusumaning Ayu; Awang Maharijaya; Muhamad Syukur; Sri Hendrastuti Hidayat
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 22 No. 11 (2021)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d221104

Abstract

Abstract. Ayu DK, Maharijaya A, Syukur M, Hidayat SH. 2021. Resilience response to yellow leaf curl disease and identification of resistance gene analogs (RGA) in pepper (Capsicum annuum). Biodiversitas 22: 4731-4739. Pepper yellow leaf curl disease (PYLCD) caused by infection of Begomovirus is a serious threat to pepper production worldwide. Identification of the resistance gene analogs (RGA) and resilience response of pepper against PYLCD is needed especially for selection resistance genotype. Evaluation of resistance response involving 28 pepper genotypes was carried out through transmission of Begomovirus using whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) as vector. The result showed that IPB C12 and F4-012328-6-3 were potential resistance genotypes. A total of 15 R gene analogs (CaRGA) containing NBS motif, namely CARGA1 to CARGA15, were identified by degenerated PCR amplification and database mining. The alignment of deduced amino acid sequence revealed conservation of subdomains Ploop (GKTT), kinase2 (LVVLDDV), RNBSB/kinase3 (IILTTR) and GLPL. BLASTp analysis indicated that 15 RGA showed high homology at deduced amino acid level with R gene identified such as whitefly resistance protein Mi-1.2, Pvr 9 gene for potyvirus, Begomovirus resistance protein, TRGA15 and RGA 13 for putative late blight resistance. Phylogenetic analysis exhibited that isolated sequences distinguished into CNL-NBS groups. These pepper RGA could be considered as candidate sequences of resistance genes.

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