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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 63 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 23 no. 3 (2022)" : 63 Documents clear
The growth and yield responses of two bean cultivars to organic and inorganic nitrogen sources DARWIN H. PANGARIBUAN; ERMAWATI ERMAWATI; NI MADE WIDI SURYANI; WAHYU SARA MARIA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230359

Abstract

Abstract. Pangaribuan DH, Ermawati, Suryani NMW, Maria WS. 2022. The growth and yield responses of two bean cultivars to organic and inorganic nitrogen sources. Biodiversitas 23: 1677-1682.The productivity of beans is increased by selecting the best cultivar and applying fertilizers according to the needs of the plant. In addition,the application of high-yielding cultivar and N fertilizers with the right dosage could be used to increase the yield. Therefore, the objective of thisstudy is to determine the effect of nitrogensources on the growth and yieldof two bean cultivars. A5×2 factorial treatment was usedin a randomized block design with three replications. The first factor is the Perkasa and Lebat-3 cultivar, the second is organic and inorganic nitrogen fertilizer, namely control, urea 100kgha-1, as well as 10, 20, and 30% concentrationsof liquid organic fertilizer from leucaena leaves. The results showed that the use of liquid organic fertilizers derived from leucaena could be used as an alternative to nitrogenfertilization. Furthermore,the 20% concentrationtreatment producedthe highest number of trifoliate leaves (8.81 leaves) and dry weight (4.52 g). Based on the results,the use of 20% liquid organic fertilizer withPerkasa cultivar showed the best effect on the number of pods per plant (13.38),and yield(846.67 kg ha-1). The technology of liquid organic fertilizers from leucaena leaves could be recommended for bean organic production.
Antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces spp. sponge-associated isolated from Samalona Island of South Sulawesi, Indonesia Herlina Rante; Gemini Alam; Usmar Usmar; Syarifah Zahra; Ari Kurniawati; Alimuddin Ali
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230325

Abstract

Abstract. Rante H, Alam G, Usmar, Zahra S, Kurniawati A, Ali A. 2022. Antimicrobial activity of Streptomyces spp. sponge-associated isolated from Samalona Island of South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1392-1398. The resistance case of infectious diseases increases annually, while the necessity of antibiotics as a drug choice for therapy most important is needed. One of the efforts to overcome these problems is an investigation of new antibiotic sources, namely marine organisms. Actinomycetes are microbes well known as more antibiotic-producing than fungi and bacteria. This study aims to the identification of marine actinomycetes isolated from sponge samples in Samalona Island, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The antimicrobial activity was evaluated against multi-drug resistant (MDR) Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. Isolation was carried out using SCA (Starch Casein Agar) medium by the pour plate method. The selected isolates were designated as SML10h and SML10a. The isolates SML 10h and SML 10a were recovered from sponges Haliclona sp. and Aplysina sp., respectively. The production of antimicrobial substances was performed by fermentation of isolates in SNB (Starch Nitrate Broth) medium for 14 days. The antimicrobial activity was shown by the ethyl acetate extract with 2 mg/20 ?L concentration against all test microbes. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the similarity of SML 10a was most closely related to Streptomyces geysiriensis (98%).
Genetic diversity and population structure of the boring giant clam (Tridacna crocea) in Kei Islands, Maluku, Indonesia AGUS KUSNADI; DEDY KURNIANTO; HAWIS MADDUPPA; NEVIATY P. ZAMANI; PUTRI SAPIRA IBRAHIM; UDHI E. HERNAWAN; RISNITA TRI UTAMI; TEDDY TRIANDIZA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230311

Abstract

Abstract. Kusnadi A, Kurnianto D, Madduppa H, Zamani NP, Ibrahim PS, HernawanU E, Utami RT, Triandiza T. 2022. Genetic diversity and population structure of the boring giant clam (Tridacna crocea) in Kei Islands, Maluku, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1273-1282. Giant clams (Tridacninae) are ecologically important species in the coral reef ecosystems. They provide valuable functionsto traditional fisheries in Kei Islands, Maluku. However, their population isunder great pressure due to anthropogenic threats, such as overfishing and habitat degradation. To provide important data for devising effective conservation management strategies for giant clams, we investigated genetic diversity and population structure of the boring giant clams Tridacna croceain Kei Islands based on partial mitochondrial COI gene sequence. Tissue samples were collected from six sites: Kur, Dullah Laut, Tanimbar Kei, Dar, Labetawi, and Difur. We sequenced 477 base pairs of COI gene and identified 42 haplotypes and 52 polymorphic sites. Analysis of genetic diversity showed Dullah Laut and Dar had the highest genetic diversity. Population structure and genetic distance analysis showed unstructured populations with high genetic closeness among sites. This finding was also confirmed by the mixture pattern of the haplotype network. Further analysis using Bayesian models on gene flow revealed high genetic exchange among sites and that Dullah Population predominantly served as a source site for the other sites. This indicated a high probability of successful larval dispersal among sites. Based on these findings, we predict that the boring giant clams likely form a single population in Kei Islands. Our study warrants conservation priority for Dullah population as the main source of gene flow.
Nutritional potential of Semele sp. shellfish on estrogen levels and follicle stimulating hormone receptor genes in perimenopausal women SJAFARAENAN SJAFARAENAN; MUHAMMAD RUSLAN UMAR; HERWIN HERWIN; ANNA ISLAMIYATI; MUSTIKA TUWO; ANDI ZULKIFLI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230302

Abstract

Abstract. Sjafaraenan, Umar MR, Herwin, Islamiyati A, Tuwo M, Zulkifli A. 2022. Nutritional potential of Semelesp. shellfish on estrogen levels and follicle stimulating hormone receptor genes in perimenopausal women. Biodiversitas 23: 1196-1203. The Bonea villagecommunity that often consume shellfish usually have a high libido and experience menopause abovethe age of 50 years.Therefore, this study aims to determinethe nutritional potential of Semele sp.on the Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Receptor (FSH-R) gene in perimenopausal womenas well asthe levels of estrogen and polymorphisms.The experimental method with a one-group preandpost-test design was used by measuring 10 perimenopausal women respondents aged 40-45 before and after consuming Semele sp. 2 times a week for 2 months. Furthermore, blood samples were collected through the median cubital vein 2-3 mL before and after the treatment, The nutritional measurement of Semele sp. including protein was carried out using the Kjeldhal method, carbohydrates using the Anthrone method, and fat using the gravimetry. Also, the mineral content was determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry(AAS), while the estrogen levels were assessed with the ELISA technique. The FSH gene was examined using DNA extraction and amplification, electrophoresis, as well as Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP) with the Bsrl enzyme, while thet-test was conducted to examinethe effect of shellfish consumption. The results showed that the consumption of Semele sp.increased estrogen levels significantly, as the Asn680Ser, Asn680Asn, and Ser680Se genotypes were found in each respondent with the FSH-R gene. Based on the results,it was concluded that the regular consumption of Semele sp. increases estrogen levels and is applicable as analternative treatment to delay the incidence of menopause.
Diversity of medicinal plants used for skincare by Bulungan tribe in North Kalimantan, Indonesia and its melanin biosynthesis inhibition KARTINA KARTINA; IRMANIDA BATUBARA; HARLINDA KUSPRADINI; IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA; WULAN TRI WAHYUNI; SAAT EGRA; TOHRU MITSUNAGA
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230308

Abstract

Abstract. Kartina, Batubara I, Kuspradini H, Kusuma IW, Wahyuni WT, Egra S, Matsunaga T. 2022. Diversity of medicinal plants used for skincare by Bulungan tribe in North Kalimantan, Indonesia and its melanin biosynthesis inhibition. Biodiversitas 23: 1246-1253. Indigenous people of the Bulungan tribe in North Kalimantan, Indonesia have been utilizing plants for health purposes, including for skincare such as preventing skin from being dark due to melanin production. This study aimed to evaluate the diversity of medicinal plants utilized by the Bulungan tribe for skincare and determine the melanin biosynthesis inhibition activity. Plants having medicinal uses were investigated through literature studies and interviews with the members of Bulungan tribe in Tanjung Palas Tengah Village. Melanin biosynthesis inhibition was determined by identifying the tyrosinase inhibition potential using commercial tyrosinase enzyme, while intracellular and extracellular melanin biosynthesis production activity was determined using B16 melanoma cells. The results showed at least 19 plant species that have medicinal uses, including for skincare, with some of them having the potential for melanogenesis, both in suppressing and producing melanin. We found a plant sample with melanin suppression potential on B16 melanoma cell, namely Jatropha curcas, at 6.2 µg/ml concentration, which could decrease extracellular melanin content by 18%. Tyrosinase activity with L-tyrosine showed that Cinnamomum burmannii (root) (IC50: 3.4 ?g/mL) showed an insignificant difference with kojic acid, which served as positive control by showing an inhibitory level of (IC50: 0.14 ?g/mL). Based on the data obtained, a pharmacological study is recommended to investigate melanin biosynthesis as a skin whitening agent. We believe that this study can become basic data to discover several active compounds in future studies.
Short Communication: Variation of panicle branching structure of new high yielding and local rice varieties from farmer’s field TRI HASTINI; YATI HARYATI; IRMA NOVIANA; BEBET NURBAETI; FYANNITA PERDHANA; KURNIA KURNIA; RATNA SARI; WAGE RATNA ROHAENI; UNTUNG SUSANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230318

Abstract

Abstract. Hastini T, Haryati Y, Noviana I, Nurbaeti B, Perdhana F, Kurnia, Sari R, Rohaeni WR, Susanto U. 2022. Short Communication: Variation of panicle branching structure of new high yielding and local rice varieties from farmer’s field. Biodiversitas 23: 1337-1345. The number of grains per panicle is one of the important factors determining the yields in rice. This study aimed to capture the panicle branching pattern of different rice varieties grown in different environments with various planting systems. The assessment was conducted in West Java during the planting season of 2020. The panicle of new high-yielding and local rice varieties was collected from 23 various rice-growing sites. The results revealed that the variance due to genotype, environment, and interaction between genotype and environment were significant for panicle branching trait. Two rice genotypes, such as Padjadjaran and Inpari 45 were stable and did not show any change when they were grown in the various environments with different agronomical practices. Whereas, Inpari 32, Cakrabuana, and Inpari IR Nutri Zinc showed different performances at different growing sites and planting systems. The characters of PL, NPB, NSB, PBL, NGPB, TLPB, TLSB, SbperPB, TNGSB and TFG showed positive and significant correlation with the number of total grains per panicle.
Stingless bees from meliponiculture in South Kalimantan, Indonesia HARI PURWANTO; R.C. HIDAYAT SOESILOHADI; MANAP TRIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230309

Abstract

Abstract. Purwanto H, Soesilohadi RCH, Trianto M. 2022. Stingless bees from meliponiculture in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1254-1266. Kalimantan Island has many species of stingless bees that are widespread throughout the province. However, their morphology, morphometry, and nest structure characteristics have not been documented comprehensively. This paper described the morphological characters, morphometric measurements, nest entrance, and brood cell characteristics of stingless bees from meliponiculture in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Ten stingless bee species were identified based on their morphological features: Tetragonula laeviceps (Smith, 1857), T. fuscobalteata (Cameron, 1908), T. drescheri (Schwarz, 1939), T. melanocephala (Gribodo, 1893), T. biroi (Friese, 1898), Homotrigona apicalis (Smith, 1857), H. canifrons (Smith, 1857), Heterotrigona itama (Cockerell, 1918), Geniotrigona thoracica (Smith, 1857), and Lepidotrigona terminata (Smith, 1878). Principal component analysis was performed to identify the grouping characters and thus determine their diagnostic characters. Furthermore, the shape, diameter, length, ornamentation, and color of the nest entrance and the arrangement, cells, and color of brood cells were observed. This study is the first to report high variations in the type of entrance opening and arrangement of brood cells for stingless bee species, which are abundant in South Kalimantan.
Analysis of land cover changes due to forest fires in Gunung Leuser National Park, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia ACHMAD SIDDIK THOHA; NABILLAH SARASWITA; NURDIN SULISTIYONO; DAVID WIRANATA; SRY MULYANI SIRAIT; RIVANDA INALDI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230328

Abstract

Abstract. Thoha AS, Saraswita N, Sulistiyono N, Wiranata D, Sirait SM, Inaldi R. 2022. Analysis of land cover changes due to forest fires in Gunung Leuser National Park, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1420-1426. Forest and land fires occur almost every year with significant impacts and losses on the environment and various sectors including conservation areas. Gunung Leuser National Park (GLNP) is a conservation area in danger of losing its forest cover due to slash-and-burn land clearing. This study aimed to analyze land cover changes due to forest and land fires in GLNP of North Sumatera Province. Data of hotspots, satellite images, land cover maps, and field verification were used to see the transition of land cover changes before and after forest and land fires. Temporal and spatial analyses were carried out to see the trend of these changes. Field surveys were also conducted to verify hotspots as locations for forest fires, burned land, and human activities causing the fires. This study found that 2010 had the highest hotspots reported from 2001 to 2019. There were indications of a fairly massive forest fire in 2010, as evidenced by the identification of burned land on satellite images. The burned land was near the outer boundary of the GLNP area and expanded into the area in the following period. Before 2010, the area of the non-forest cover was not too large. After 2010, there was an increase in non-forest land cover, presumably due to increased access to enter the area after the forest was cleared after the fire. During almost 20 years, the primary dryland forest in the study area remained only 6% of the initial area. At least more than 200 ha of forest area is reduced in the study area every year. The burned lands in the following years tended to become plantation land. Plantation land cover increased by around 90% during 2000-2019 in the research sites. This study expects that GLNP management and various parties need to prevent the expansion of forest clearing because the strategic role of GLNP as a world heritage is currently in danger.
Aquatic plants as niche for lay eggs and raising juveniles by freshwater fish in three swamp habitats in South Kalimantan, Indonesia Dharmono Dharmono; Mahruddin Mahruddin; Riya Irianti; Hery Fajeriadi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230341

Abstract

Abstract. Dharmono, Mahrudin, Irianti R, Fajeriadi H. 2022. Aquatic plants as niche for lay eggs and raising juveniles by freshwater fish in three swamp habitats in South Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 23: 1520-1526. Swamp is an area that is almost always waterlogged throughout the year, making it a very unique ecosystem. There is a wide variety of ecosystem services provided by swamp ecosystems, one of those is a habitat of freshwater fish, which is related to the presence of swamp vegetation. This study aimed to investigate swamp plants used as niches for freshwater fish to lay eggs and raise its offspring in three swamp areas in three regencies (i.e., Hulu Sungai Utara Regency, Tanah Laut Regency and Barito Kuala Regency) in South Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. Purposive random sampling was conducted in each swamp by observing and documenting the types of plants where fish eggs and offspring were found. We recorded 26 species of aquatic plants used by 17 species of swamp fish to lay eggs and raise offspring/fry. Eichhornia crassipes was the most widely used aquatic plant species with 100% of all freshwater fish species found (17 fish species), followed by Pistia stratiotes by 70.6% (12 fish species) and Cyperus digitatus, Lemna minor, Nelumbo nucifera, Utricularia aurea and Crinum asiaticum with each used by 52.9% (9 fish species). These plant species favored by fish need to be maintained and controlled to support the population of the fish.
Record of Hemiramphus lutkei Valenciennes, 1847 from Seram Sea, Maluku, Indonesia with its molecular characterization Matheos Talakua; Suadi Suadi; Djumanto Djumanto; Eko Setyobudi
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 23 No. 3 (2022)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d230346

Abstract

Abstract. Talakua M, Suadi, Djumanto, Setyobudi E. 2022. Record of Hemiramphus lutkei Valenciennes, 1847 from Seram Sea, Maluku, Indonesia with its molecular characterization. Biodiversitas 23: 1560-1566. Hemiramphus sp. is a fish species widely distributed throughout the world. However, the area distribution of each species differs between regions. Hemiramphus archipelagicus could be found in Seram Sea, Maluku and Ekas Bay, Lombok, Hemiramphus sp. from North Maluku Sea, and H. brasiliensis from the North Minahasa Sulawesi. The identification of Hemiramphus in Indonesia uses mainly the morphological approach. This study aims to determine the morphometric and meristic character and identify the halfbeak collected from the Seram Sea, Maluku, using a molecular approach. A total of 214 fish samples were used to determine the morphometric and meristic characters of halfbeak, following the measurement method that has been developed previously. All samples of halfbeak showed similar morphological characteristics. Identification by direct sequencing of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene was conducted from selected samples. The halfbeak caught in the Seram Sea had an elongated flat body shape, the dorsal part of the body is blue-green, the tip of the lower beak is sharp, enlarged towards the base in the oral cavity; the lower beak is reddish-orange and longer than the upper beak. The fin formula of halfbeak from the Seram Sea is D.13-15, P.9-12, V.5-6, A.9-12, C.7/8, and the number of scales at the lateral line is 52-58. Based on molecular identification, the halfbeak species from the Seram Sea was confirmed as Hemiramphus lutkei with a genetic distance of 0.0055 compared to H. lutkei from India, and a genetic distance of 0.0540 with H. balao.

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