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Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 1412033X     EISSN : 20854722     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d230231
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
The Biodiversitas Journal was first published in 2000 by the Department of Biology, FMNS, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia, then in 2006 it was co-published by the Society for Indonesian Biodiversity and that department; since 2017 it was also hosted by Smujo. From 2003-2012 it was accredited by DGHE, Ministry of Education, R.I., since 2014 was indexed by Scopus, where DOAJ and Google Scholar was indexed first.
Arjuna Subject : Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler - Biokimia, Genetika dan Biologi Molekuler (Lain-Lain)
Articles 29 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 27 no. 6 (2026)" : 29 Documents clear
Eco-edutourism for biodiversity conservation and community empowerment in Bukit Cubung Karst, Kulon Progo, Indonesia KUNTUM FEBRIYANTININGRUM; RAHMANIA PAMUNGKAS; AHMAD KAMAL SUDRAJAT; MUCHLISA AMALIA ZAHRA; ABRAHAM HUSAIN
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270602

Abstract

Abstract. Febriyantiningrum K, Pamungkas R, Sudrajat AK, Zahra MA, Husain A. 2026. Eco-edutourism for biodiversity conservation and community empowerment in Bukit Cubung Karst, Kulon Progo, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270602. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270602. Indonesia’s karst landscapes support distinctive biodiversity but remain highly vulnerable to habitat degradation, weak conservation governance, and limited livelihood options for surrounding communities. This study examines how community-based eco-edutourism can link biodiversity conservation and community empowerment in the Bukit Cubung karst area, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta, using a participatory action research approach. The intervention combined biodiversity inventory (flora and fauna surveys across four microhabitats), ecological literacy training for local participants, and facilitation of community-based tourism governance. Flora sampling across ten 10 m × 10 m plots and transects documented 23 plant species, while fauna surveys recorded 17 non-avian species, yielding Shannon-Wiener diversity values of H’ = 2.71 for flora and H’ = 2.43 for fauna, indicating moderately high ecological heterogeneity in the study site. Ecological literacy among 20 community participants increased from a mean pre-test score of 42.1% to 87.8% in the post-test, reflecting substantial improvements in knowledge of local species and karst ecosystem functions. Program implementation supported the formation of a village eco-edutourism committee, the development of simple visitor management rules, and the use of the biodiversity inventory as interpretive material for guiding and environmental education activities. These findings suggest that eco-edutourism, when grounded in site-specific biodiversity data and participatory learning, can strengthen local ecological knowledge, foster shared responsibility for conservation, and contribute to community empowerment in fragile karst landscapes.
Habitat associations of Meretrix spp. in a mangrove coastal area of North Sumatra, Indonesia SHALVIA JARI REFOMIA SIAHAAN; NORMA AFIATI; MUHAMMAD HELMI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270609

Abstract

Abstract. Siahaan SJR, Afiati N, Helmi M. 2026. Habitat associations of Meretrix spp. in a mangrove coastal area of North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270609. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270609. The hard clams of the genus Meretrix are ecologically and economically important bivalves in tropical coastal ecosystems, yet information on their habitat associations in North Sumatra remains limited. This study examined the estimated density, spatial distribution, and habitat associations of Meretrix meretrix, M. lusoria, and M. astricta in the mangrove coastal area of Sei Nagalawan, Serdang Bedagai Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted at 30 intertidal stations during low tide. Sediment characteristics and water-quality variables were measured at each station to characterize local habitat conditions. Spatial patterns were visualized using GIS-based Spline interpolation, whereas Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was applied to summarize environmental gradients across the study area. A total of 517 molluscan individuals representing 12 taxa were recorded. Meretrix meretrix was the dominant species, accounting for 55.1% of the total abundance, followed by M. lusoria. The molluscan assemblage was characterized by low diversity (H′: 0.786), high evenness (E: 0.820), and moderate dominance (C: 0.516). Morisita’s index indicated clumped distribution patterns for all recorded Meretrix species. Estimated density ranged from 2 to 17 ind m⁻². PCA indicated that environmental variation among sampling stations was associated primarily with sediment texture and secondarily with water-quality conditions. Stations with higher Meretrix occurrence were generally associated with coarser sediments, whereas lower occurrences were recorded at stations containing higher proportions of fine sediments. Spatial interpolation revealed heterogeneous density patterns across the study area, with a root mean square error (RMSE) of 3.58. Differences in Meretrix occurrence among stations reflected variation in local habitat conditions across the study area. These findings provide baseline ecological information for future monitoring and management of mangrove-associated bivalve resources in North Sumatra, Indonesia.
Adaptive morpho-anatomical traits of Euphorbia yaroslavii populations in the Zailiysky Alatau, Kazakhstan ZHANSAYA TURGARA; ABIBULLA AMETOV; AKERKE KENESBAY; ELMIRA IMАNOVA; GULNAZ SYPABEKKYZY; BEKTEMIR OSMONALI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270604

Abstract

Abstract. Turgara Z, Ametov A, Kenesbay A, Imanova E, Sypabekkyzy G, Osmonali B. 2026. Adaptive morpho-anatomical traits of Euphorbia yaroslavii populations in the Zailiysky Alatau, Kazakhstan. Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270604. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270604. Euphorbia yaroslavii is a narrow-range endemic of the northern Tien Shan, restricted to foothill steppe and clayey habitats of the Zailiysky Alatau, Kazakhstan and is insufficiently studied in terms of morphological and anatomical variability. This study aimed to evaluate interpopulation variation in morphological, anatomical, and seed micromorphological traits of E. yaroslavii under contrasting ecological conditions. Three spatially isolated populations were analyzed using a comparative approach that included morphometric measurements of vegetative and generative organs, anatomical investigation of leaf, stem, and root structures, and scanning electron microscopy of seed surfaces. The results showed pronounced interpopulation differentiation mainly in vegetative morphology and anatomical structure. The greatest variability was recorded in leaf thickness, mesophyll organization, and development of conductive tissues, reflecting habitat-related environmental differences. In contrast, generative traits, including cyathium and seed dimensions, were relatively stable. ANOVA confirmed significant differences (p<0.05) in most vegetative and anatomical parameters, whereas reproductive traits showed no significant differences. Correlation analysis revealed coordinated variation among structural traits of different organs. Population differentiation in E. yaroslavii is primarily expressed in vegetative and anatomical features, while reproductive traits remain stable. These findings provide a quantitative framework for understanding adaptive variation and support population-based conservation strategies for this endemic species.
Observational characterization of Central Javanese local ducks across agroecological zones and rearing systems SUPRANOTO SUPRANOTO; ELLY TUGIYANTI; NOVIE ANDRI SETIANTO
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270607

Abstract

Abstract. Supranoto, Tugiyanti E, Setianto NA. 2026. Observational characterization of Central Javanese local ducks across agroecological zones and rearing systems. Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270607. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270607. Local duck farming in Central Java spans heterogeneous agroecological zones and management systems, yet field data on phenotype, natural feed, and egg quality are limited. This observational study characterized qualitative and quantitative phenotypic traits, natural-feed (crop-content) composition, and selected egg-quality parameters of local ducks across four altitude-based zones (coastal, lowland, midland, highland) and three rearing systems (extensive grazing, intensive colony, intensive battery). Qualitative traits were scored in 300 ducks, morphometrics in 90 ducks, crop contents in 12 ducks (three per zone), and egg quality in two one-way ANOVA subsets. Brown and light-brown plumage predominated, whereas beak and shank pigmentation were consistent. Body length, neck length, and shank length were significantly larger under battery rearing (p<0.01), whereas body weight and five other traits did not differ. Because breed and farm were not modeled, these differences reflect combined genetic and management associations. On an as-fed basis, natural feed in all zones fell below commercial protein and energy specifications. Egg weight, yolk color, yolk pH, and albumen pH differed among zones, partly reflecting duck type; among systems, only albumen pH differed. These baseline findings require replicated genetic, nutritional, and production studies before management recommendations are generalized.
Evaluation of native Zoysia japonica and Zoysia matrella accessions on river sediment and Alfisol media for turfgrass quality in Indonesia RAHAYU RAHAYU; ZAINAL ISA ABIDIN; GANJAR HERDIANSYAH; SUPRIYADI SUPRIYADI; AGUSTIN AYU SAPUTRI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270601

Abstract

Abstract. Rahayu, Abidin ZI, Herdiansyah G, Supriyadi, Saputri AA. 2026. Evaluation of native Zoysia japonica and Zoysia matrella accessions on river sediment and Alfisol media for turfgrass quality in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270601. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270601. Native turfgrass species in Indonesia have considerable potential for landscape and sports field applications; however, comparative evaluations of different accessions under contrasting soil media remain limited. This study evaluated the turf quality performance of several native accessions of Zoysia japonica and Zoysia matrella grown in two soil types, river sediment and Alfisol. The experiment was conducted using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Turf performance was assessed using visual and functional quality parameters based on the National Turfgrass Evaluation Program (NTEP) scoring system. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) to determine significant differences among treatments. The results showed that soil media significantly influenced several turf quality traits. ANOVA revealed significant interactions between accession and growing media (p<0.05), indicating genotype-specific responses to soil conditions. In general, river sediment provided more favorable conditions for turf growth than Alfisol. Among the evaluated accessions, the Kopeng accession of Z. matrella showed the highest visual quality, with scores approximately 1.92% higher than Zeon on sediment and 48.78% higher on Alfisol. Compared with Zmeet, Kopeng also showed higher visual quality, reaching 44.71% on sediment and 46.47% on Alfisol. Overall, Z. matrella accessions showed higher visual quality, whereas Z. japonica tended to exhibit better functional traits under sediment conditions. These findings demonstrate that selected Indonesian Zoysia accessions possess high adaptability and competitive turf quality, supporting their potential as locally adapted alternatives to imported cultivars for sports fields and landscape applications. The study provides important baseline information for turfgrass management and breeding programs aimed at improving turf performance in Indonesian environments. Z. japonica accession in higher elevation showed better quality, while Z. matrella showed better quality in relatively lower elevation.
Environmental gradients across the geographic range of Puya spathacea (Bromeliaceae) LIDIA R. SCRIVANTI; EMANUEL FUENTES; FEDERICO O. ROBBIATI; MARÍA J. NORES
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270611

Abstract

Abstract. Scrivanti LR, Fuentes E, Robbiati FO, Nores MJ. 2026. Environmental gradients across the geographic range of Puya spathacea (Bromeliaceae). Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270611. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270611. Puya spathacea is a terrestrial bromeliad native to northwestern Argentina and southern Bolivia, distributed across montane environments. This study evaluated spatial segregation and environmental variation of occurrence records, classified into central, intermediate, and peripheral zones based on their distance from the centroid of the species' range. We assessed spatial structure, analyzed altitudinal and climatic variation, and evaluated the relationship between occurrences and river networks, while also estimating potential distribution and characterizing environmental space. Ecological niche models showed high internal consistency (AUC = 0.952±0.019; TSS = 0.845±0.047), identifying elevation (38%) and precipitation of the wettest month (13.8%) as the most influential predictors of habitat suitability. PCA-env analyses explained 83.4% of environmental variation across the first two axes, while niche overlap among zones was low (Schoener’s D = 0.02-0.20), indicating differentiated environmental space. Spatial autocorrelation was stronger at the margins, and occurrences were significantly closer to rivers than expected by chance, indicating a non-random spatial association with the hydrological network rather than direct evidence of habitat dependence. Overall, peripheral occurrences occupied environmentally distinct conditions characterized by greater climatic restriction and spatial structuring than central occurrences. These findings indicate that geographically structured occurrences contribute to within-range environmental differentiation and highlight the importance of considering environmental variation across species distributions when evaluating montane biodiversity. From a conservation perspective, preserving both central and peripheral occurrences may be relevant for maintaining the ecological breadth of the species 
Species diversity and composition, conservation status, and carbon stocks of the mangrove forests in Zamboanga City, Philippines PATRICIA ANGELA S. EPAN; ARMI G. TORRES; JENNET R. MAG-ASO; WELLA A. TIU-TATIL
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270608

Abstract

Abstract. Epan PAS, Torres AG, Mag-Aso JR, Tiu-Tatil WA. 2026. Species diversity and composition, conservation status, and carbon stocks of the mangrove forests in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270608. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270608. Mangrove ecosystems are essential protective barriers for coastal areas and provide important ecological services to society, such as shelter from storms and strong waves, habitat for a variety of fish species, and an extensive amount of carbon sequestration. However, specific data on the species composition and management strategies for this ecosystem are currently insufficient in Zamboanga City, Philippines. To address this gap, this study assessed the taxonomic diversity and composition, aboveground living biomass and carbon stock, and conservation status of mangrove forests in three sites: Talabaan, Victoria, and Great Sta. Cruz Island (GSCI). The field sampling was conducted in June, July, December of 2025, and January of 2026. In each study site, three 150-m transects were established perpendicular to the shoreline. Within each transect, eight 10 m x 10 m quadrats were systematically positioned at 10-m intervals, resulting in a cumulative sample size of n = 72 quadrats across the study area. A total of 15 mangrove species from 7 families and 8 genera were identified across all sites, with Rhizophora genus dominating (Rhizophora apiculata, 346 individuals; Rhizophora mucronata, 223 individuals). Taxonomic surveys revealed that while the majority of the identified species are categorized as 'Least Concern' by the IUCN, the presence of Avicennia marina var. rumphiana (Vulnerable) and Sonneratia ovata (Near Threatened) indicates the conservation importance of the study sites. Victoria exhibited a relatively high diversity (H' = 1.86), while Talabaan showed the lowest (H' = 1.39). GSCI recorded the highest carbon stock at 41.61 t C ha⁻¹ with a carbon equivalent of 152.71 t CO2 ha⁻¹. Results show that while reforested sites like Talabaan and Victoria contribute to mangrove vegetation cover, protected natural stands like GSCI remain superior in both carbon sequestration and biodiversity. By quantifying the ecological disparities between reforested and natural stands, this study provides localized ecological data that may serve as a preliminary baseline for future conservation planning and carbon sequestration strategies in Zamboanga Peninsula.
Elevational patterns and seasonal baseline of bird diversity in the Lomas de Atiquipa, Southern Peru CESAR R. LUQUE-FERNANDEZ; LUIS N. VILLEGAS-PAREDES
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270603

Abstract

Abstract. Luque-Fernandez CR, Villegas-Paredes LN. 2026. Elevational patterns and seasonal baseline of bird diversity in the Lomas de Atiquipa, Southern Peru. Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270603. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270603. Coastal lomas are fog-dependent vegetation oases in the South Pacific desert, where wet-dry seasonality influences vegetation cover and habitat availability. We characterized bird diversity in the Lomas de Atiquipa, southern Peru, and evaluated its variation along elevation, habitat types, and seasons. We integrated historical records compiled between 2002 and 2018 with standardized surveys conducted in 2018 during the dry and wet seasons. Historical records were used to describe the local avifaunal inventory and broad richness patterns across 100-m elevational bands and habitat types, whereas the standardized surveys were used to evaluate habitat- and season-related variation in community structure based on observed counts. We recorded 110 species belonging to 17 orders and 41 families, including four Peruvian endemics. The highest compiled richness was recorded at mid elevations, particularly between 600 and 700 m asl (55 species), and in open forest, agricultural areas, and herbaceous-shrub habitat. Community composition in the standardized 2018 surveys differed significantly among habitats (ANOSIM R: 0.633, P: 0.003), whereas the overall separation between dry and wet seasons was weak and not significant (R: 0.052, P: 0.258). Although mean Bray-Curtis dissimilarity between seasons was high (78.6%), this reflected shifts in the relative contribution of species within the system rather than a consistent wet-vs-dry grouping of samples. These results identify the mid-elevation fog belt and its habitat mosaic as an evidence-based priority for future monitoring and conservation management in Atiquipa.
A two-stage bait-trap method for collecting live subterranean termites under tropical field conditions AMADEUS CLEAVER CHANDRA; HENDRA KURNIAWAN MAURY; INTAN AHMAD
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270612

Abstract

Abstract. Chandra AC, Maury HK, Ahmad I. 2026. A two-stage bait-trap method for collecting live subterranean termites under tropical field conditions. Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270612. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270612. Obtaining sufficient numbers of live subterranean termites for laboratory-based research is a persistent methodological challenge. Conventional collection methods, including soil excavation, mound destruction, and log dismantling, are labor-intensive and destructive. This study introduces and evaluates a two-stage bait-trap method for collecting live subterranean termites from active colonies under tropical field conditions while minimizing disturbance to the substrate. In the first stage, wooden stakes were installed as bait stations to locate active termite foraging sites. In the second stage, sandwich (stacked-board) traps constructed from the same wood species were installed over infested stakes. Three locally available timber species, rubberwood (Hevea brasiliensis), acacia (Acacia mangium), and jabon (Anthocephalus cadamba) were used as bait materials, with 22 stakes per species evaluated during a three-month field trial, including one month of trap deployment. A total of 33 sandwich traps were installed following initial stake infestation; overall harvest success (initial termite encounter) was 70% (23 of 33), and active-capture success (live termites present at retrieval) was 48% of harvested traps (11 of 23). These two outcomes represent distinct endpoints: encounter and sustained live capture. Mean termite yield across all active traps was 944±854 individuals, including workers and soldiers. No statistically significant difference in termite counts was detected among wood species (F₂,₈: 0.74, p: 0.507; n: 11 active traps); the analysis was underpowered for detecting small-to-moderate effects. Three termite genera were recovered: Coptotermes, Microtermes, and Nasutitermes. The two-stage method successfully demonstrated live termite collection under tropical field conditions at the study site and offers a promising field protocol with potential applications in biodiversity surveys, ecological studies, and toxicological research that require live specimens. Further validation across additional sites and seasons is needed before the method can be considered broadly standardized.
Mericarpmorphometry and morphology of five Ferula species from the Ulytau region, Central Kazakhstan AIZAT SHARIP; SARDARBEK ABIYEV; GULNARA SITPAYEVA; KANAT KULYMBET; BEKTEMIR OSMONALI
Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity Vol. 27 No. 6 (2026)
Publisher : Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/biodiv/d270610

Abstract

Abstract. Sharip A, Abiyev S, Sitpayeva G, Kulymbet K, Osmonali B. 2026. Mericarpmorphometry and morphology of five Ferula species from the Ulytau region, Central Kazakhstan. Biodiversitas 27 (6): d270610. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d270610. This study presents a comparative morphological and morphometric analysis of mericarps from five Ferula species (Apiaceae) associated with the Ulytau region of Central Kazakhstan: Ferula karelinii, Ferula teterrima, Ferula varia, Ferula songarica, and Ferula ferulaeoides. A total of 150 mericarps (30 per species) were analyzed. Qualitative characters included mericarp size, color, shape, groove pattern, surface texture, and chalazal-end morphology, while quantitative parameters comprised mericarp mass and linear dimensions (length, width, diagonal length, apical width, and basal width). The results revealed clear interspecific differences in both qualitative and quantitative traits. The largest mericarps were recorded in F. karelinii, whereas the smallest were observed in F. ferulaeoides. Correlation analysis demonstrated strong positive relationships among linear mericarp parameters (r = 0.82–0.97), indicating a high degree of morphological integration. Regression analysis based on pooled data showed significant positive relationships between mericarp mass and dimensional traits (R² = 0.47-0.63; p<0.001). However, these relationships mainly reflected differences among species rather than consistent within-species allometric patterns. Species-specific analyses revealed considerable variation in mass–size relationships, including weak or negative correlations in some taxa. Although the relatively limited sample size and restricted geographic coverage require cautious interpretation, the results indicate that mericarp morphology and morphometry provide useful characters for comparative carpological studies of Ferula. Further research incorporating broader sampling, population-level analyses, and integrative taxonomic approaches is needed to evaluate the wider systematic significance of these traits.

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