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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 19 Documents
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Search results for , issue "vol. 11 no. 1 (2019)" : 19 Documents clear
Proximate and calcium analysis of nixtamalized corn grits as a raw material of Gorontalo traditional meal, Indonesia SUNARTO KADIR; LISNA AHMAD; YOYANDA BAIT
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110110

Abstract

Abstract. Kadir S, Ahmad L, Bait Y. 2019. Proximate and calcium analysis of nixtamalized corn grits as a raw material of Gorontalo traditional meal, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 56-62. This study aims to find out the influence of additional lime concentration and the length of boiling time toward the proximate and calcium grits of corn (Zea mays L). The study was conducted using a randomized group factorial design of two factors. The first factor is calcium concentration consisted of three treatments; 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%, and the second factor is the length of boiling time, consisting of two treatments; the 60-minute boiling time, and the 30-minute boiling time. The parameters of this study were water content, ash content, fat content, protein content, carbohydrate content, and calcium content. The ANOVA analysis reveals that the treatment of calcium concentration, and the length of boiling time insignificantly influence the water content, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate, and calcium contents of nixtamal corn grits. Grits of nixtamal corn produced in this study has water content of 10.54-11.33%, ash content of 1.34-1.39%, protein content of 9.11-9.40%, fat content of 3.36-3.59%, carbohydrate content of 74.44-75.36%, and calcium content of 10.15-10.92%.
Effects of Ruta graveolens total and flavonoids extracts on rat blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and urea comparing synthetic drugs MITRA NOORI; MEHRANA JAFARI; HANIE AZIMI; MEHDI NODE-FARAHANI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110105

Abstract

Noori M, Jafari M, Azimi H, Node-Farahani M. 2019. Effects of Ruta graveolens total and flavonoids extracts on rat blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and urea comparing synthetic drugs. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 23-29. Rue (Ruta graveolens L.: Rutaceae) is a medicinal plant that is used to treat many diseases in America, Asia and Europe due to its pharmaceutical properties. So far more than 120 different phytochemicals such as flavonoids have been extracted and identified from the species, which make it valuable in traditional medicine and manufacturing of synthetic drugs. Due to its endemic and high potential pharmacological effects, this study examined the oral effect of each of its total, flavonoids and non-flavonoids extracts on reducing blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and urea in STZ-diabetic rats comparing to control and Atorvastatin, Allopurinol, Metformin as synthetic drugs. Aerial part of the plant was collected from around Yazd, Iran and dried in shade, crushed and extracted in 70% ethanol in three steps. Total and flavonoid extracts were prepared after rotary evaporation, then were used for making required doses after calculation. The plant flavonoids were identified using two-dimensional, thin-layer chromatography and TLC Scanner3 methods. Atorvastatin, Allopurinol and Metformin were obtained and also appropriate doses were prepared. Thirty-six adult male Wistar rats were divided in 12 groups (n=3): control, synthetic drugs control, total and flavonoids control, STZ-diabetic control, diabetic treated with synthetic drugs, total and flavonoids extracts, then weighed. All rats were treated orally at a specific time for 2 weeks. Subsequently, the secondary rat weights were determined and blood donation was performed after anesthesia. Then, blood serum glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and urea were determined by spectrophotometry using commercial enzymatic chlorometric assay kits. All data were analyzed using EXCEL and SPSS software. Results showed aerial part of R. graveolens contains flavones C and C-/O glycosides, flavonoid sulphates and had no aglycones. Apigenin, chrycin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, myricetin, quercetin, rutin and vitexin were found in the species aerial part. This plant had 329/99 gr/kgDW of effective material and 257.7 g/kgDW of flavonoids. The lowest blood glucose levels were observed in treated Metformin and flavonoids control rats respectively. Diabetic rats treated with R. graveolens total extract had the lowest blood cholesterol, urea and glucose levels. The highest renal damage was observed in control diabetic rats and the least renal damage was observed in the STZ-diabetic rats treated with the plant total extract. These results indicate that R. graveolens extract and its rutin contained antihyperglycemia, antihyperlipidemia, insulinity and protective properties.
Evaluating the potential of indigenous Rhizobacteria as biofertilizer and biopesticide against Rhizoctonia solani MAIMUNA NONTJI; AMRAN MUIS; NURMI NONCI; NURJANNAH NONCI; FARIZAH DHAIVINA AMRAN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110113

Abstract

Abstract. Nontji M, Muis A, Nonci N, Nonci N, Amran FD. 2019. Evaluating the potential of indigenous Rhizobacteria as biofertilizer and biopesticide against Rhizoctonia solani. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 79-83. Rhizobacteria are living in area of plant roots, some of them are potential as biofertilizers and biopesticides agents. This study aims to evaluate the potential of 10 isolates indigenous rhizobacteria as biofertilizer and biopesticide against banded leaf and sheath blight disease on corn. The potential of biofertilizer was evaluated by ability fixing nitrogen in Burk’s N free medium, dissolving phosphate and producing Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) hormone with spectrophotometry method. The potential of biopesticide was evaluated by synergistic of analysis with double culture method. The result of study showed that the best indigenous rhizobacteria was isolated code 10. It has potential as a biofertilizer agent (0.22% for fixing nitrogen, 18.875 ppm for dissolving phosphate and producing IAA hormone 1.524 ppm). It is also having potential as biopesticide agent against Rhizoctonia solani with relative inhibition level (RIL) of 31.3%. Isolate code 10 and code 6 are able to live in synergy so that it can be recommended as biofertilizer and biopesticide agent to form the consortium as a biological fertilizer.
The nutrient content of Plecostomus (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) flesh from Ciliwung River Jakarta, Indonesia DEWI ELFIDASARI; AFINA PUTRI SHABIRA; IRAWAN SUGORO; LAKSMI NURUL ISMI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110106

Abstract

Abstract. Elfidasari D, Shabira AP, Sugoro I, Ismi LN. 2019. The nutrient content of Plecostomus (Pterygoplichthys pardalis) flesh from Ciliwung River Jakarta, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 30-34. One of the rivers in Jakarta, Indonesia that becomes the habitat of fish is Ciliwung River with Plecostomus as the dominant fish. The abundant number of Plecostomus in the Ciliwung river is utilized by the people living near the river basin area of Ciliwung River Jakarta as the main to produce food. As a source of animal nutrients, the contents of protein, fats, and carbohydrate in Plecostomus from Ciliwung River Jakarta has not been identified. The aforementioned condition has been the trigger to conduct this research aiming at identifying the contents of protein, fats, and carbohydrate in Plecostomus flesh from Ciliwung River Jakarta. The methods employed were Kjeldahl method to find out protein content, extraction method to test the fats, and by difference method to test carbohydrate with prior test of ashes using ash-drying method. The result shows that the smaller-sized Plecostomus with 18-23 cm in length had the highest contents of protein, fats, and ashes (50.0517%; 1.1261%; 1.1446%). Meanwhile, the medium-sized Plecostomus with 24-28.5 cm in length had the highest carbohydrate content (52.9905%). Statistical test using ANOVA with Duncan’s multiple range test shows that the contents of protein, fats, and carbohydrate in smaller, medium, and larger-sized Plecostomus do not show significant difference. The body length of Plecostomus from Ciliwung River Jakarta does not give significant effect on the contents of protein, fats, and carbohydrate in its flesh.
Ethanolic extract of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) pericarp as sensitivity enhancer of doxorubicin on MCF-7 cells by inhibiting P-glycoprotein: - NI PUTU LINDA LAKSMIANI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110109

Abstract

Abstract. Laksmiani NPL. 2019. Ethanolic extract of mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana) pericarp as sensitivity enhancer of doxorubicin on MCF-7 cells by inhibiting P-glycoprotein. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 49-55. Generally, doxorubicin is used in combination with other anticancer agents. Reduction side effects tend to be better in combination use than the use of single doxorubicin. Therefore the development of anticancer agents with low side effects and combination agents that decrease the side effects of doxorubicin still need to be pursued. The use of doxorubicin also shows a phenomenon of resistance due to over-expression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp). The research was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of lower dose doxorubicin combine with ethanolic extract of mangosteen pericarp (EEMP) on MCF-7 cells and determine the mechanism of alpha (a)-mangostin as the active compound in EEMP that contribute increasing sensitivity of doxorubicin on MCF-7 through Pgp by in silico. The cytotoxic activity was observed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Molecular docking with 4.2 autodock program was used to evaluate the interaction of a-mangostin with Pgp. EEMP has IC50 of 54 ?g/mL on MCF-7 cells while for doxorubicin has IC50 of 1392 nM. Exposure EEMP enhanced cytotoxic effect of doxorubicin on MCF-7 cells. Solely doxorubicin 750 nM treatment gave cell viability percentage 94.98%, but when combined with EEMP 22.5 ?g/mL, the cell viability percentage was reduced to 16.91%. This shows that EEMP potent to be used as a combination agent for doxorubicin chemotherapy. The in silico assay demonstrate that a-mangostin has an affinity for Pgp with binding energy of -6.13 kcal/mol. Keywords: EEMP, doxorubicin, MCF-7, Pgp, combination
TLC profiling and antioxidant activity of phenolic compound from Sterculia oblongata bark extract TRI MURNINGSIH; PRAPTIWI PRAPTIWI; LIANA LIANA; AHMAD FATHONI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110108

Abstract

Abstract. Murningsih T, Praptiwi, Liana, Fathoni A. 2019. TLC profiling and antioxidant activity of phenolic compound from Sterculia oblongata bark extract. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 44-48. In the present study, we investigated the total phenolic content and in- vitro antioxidant activity of Sterculia oblongata. Total phenolic content (TPC) of the methanol extract was examined by Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and gallic acid as standard. The in-vitro antioxidant activity was performed by DPPH free radical scavenging activity and ?-carotene bleaching assay. The result showed that the TPC of methanol extract was the highest (P<0.05) compared to other extracts. There is a positive and significantly very high Pearson’s correlation between antioxidant activity index (AAI) and TPC (r = 0.996). A negative and significantly high Pearson’s correlation was obtained between IC50 value and TPC (r = -0.885). The result of ?-carotene bleaching assay showed that the rate of the decreased antioxidant activity of S.oblongata extract was lower than that of ?-carotene/linoleic acid. The results suggest that the extract of S. oblongata can be used as a natural antioxidant. However, further investigation to isolate and identify the chemical compounds responsible for antioxidant was needed
Allelopathic effect of invasive species air potato (Dioscorea bulbifera) on seeds germination of Polyalthia littoralis: ALELOPATI TUMBUHAN INVASIF Dioscorea bulbifera L. TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI Polyalthia littoralis (Blume) Boerl ADE AYU OKSARI; DEVY SUSANTY; IRVAN FADLI WANDA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110111

Abstract

Abstract. Oksari AA, Susanty D, Wanda IF. 2019. Allelopathic effect of invasive species air potato (Dioscorea bulbifera) on seeds germination of Polyalthia littoralis. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 63-70. Dioscorea bulbifera L. (Dioscoreaceae) is included in the Global Weed Compendium and one of the invasive plants that cause environmental problems in many parts of the world. This study aims to determine the effect of allelopathy from various concentrations of leaf and tuber extract from D. bulbifera on seed germination of Polyalthia littoralis (Blume) Boerl. The method used was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with seven treatments and three replications. The treatment given was the concentration of D. bulbifera extract 10%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, 100% and aquadest solvent control. The results of phytochemical screening analysis showed that the extract of leaves and tuber of D. bulbifera did not contain alkaloids, but specifically on leaves extract contained tannins. Both extracts contained steroids, flavonoids, and saponins. Based on the results of the study, total phenolic obtained in the leaf extract as much as 28.81 ± 2.51 mg TAE/g extract, while the tuber extract had a total phenolic of 6.74 ± 1.19 mg TAE/g. The results showed that allelopathic substances of D. bulbifera affected the germination of P. littoralis seeds. Based on DMRT test at 5% level, it was known that allelopathy concentration of D. bulbifera significantly affected the germination rate at concentrations of 20%, 60%, 80%, and 100% and significantly affected the coefficient of velocity of germination at a concentration of 20%. But, concentration allelopathy of D. bulbifera had no significant effect on the coefficient of uniformity of germination. The concentration that reduced the lowest seed viability was at a concentration of 80% with an average germination power of 56.67 ± 7.45%.
Stability of black grass jelly (Mesona chinensis) probioticated by encapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum Mar8 with agar and gum Arabic NILAM FADMAULIDHA WULANDARI; TITIN YULINERY; NANDANG SUHARNA; NOVIK NURHIDAYAT
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110114

Abstract

Abstract. Wulandari NF, Yulinery T, Suharna N, Nurhidayat N. 2019. Stability of black grass jelly (Mesona chinensis) probioticated by encapsulation of Lactobacillus plantarum Mar8 with agar and gum Arabic. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 84-88. Black grass jelly [Mesona chinensis (Benth)] is one of the traditional food ingredients that can be used as the encapsulation material. However, syneresis easily occurs so that becomes a problem during storage. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of type of stabilizers (agar and gum Arabic) and storage temperature (cold/4oC and ambient temperature/37oC) on black grass jelly stability and the viability of encapsulated Lactobacillus plantarum Mar8 in probiotication. The concentrations of stabilizers were 0.5%; 1.0%; 1.5% and 2.0% (w/v). The result showed that the syneresis rate was stable up to 2% of agar concentration at low storage temperature, while gum Arabic in the concentration of >1% resulted in increasing syneresis rate. Ambient temperature storage increased the syneresis rate. This study showed that agar or gum Arabic was supporting the probiotication as good encapsulant. Moreover, it was suitable for stabilizing or gelling agent at 0.5%-1% concentration to produce black grass jelly as RTD.
Short communication: A comparison of the rate of polyethylene decomposition among Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Escherichia coli bacteria MICHAEL PHILANDER; PAULETTE RAGOBEER; RUTH DANIEL
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110116

Abstract

Abstract. Philander M, Ragobeer P, Daniel R. 2019. Short communication: A comparison of the rate of polyethylene decomposition among Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Escherichia coli bacteria. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 97-100. This study did a comparative analysis of the rate of polythene plastic decomposition among three species of bacteria namely, Bacillus spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Escherichia coli. The three bacterial species were cultured and grown in 2-liter polyethylene terephthalate bottles with nutrient broth separately in triplicates along with a control that did not include any bacteria. These bottles were left undisturbed at room temperature for three months (92 days) after which the containers were subjected to sterilization. Plastic weights were taken using an electronic scale and compared with original values. From the results, it showed that in the three months there was a relatively large amount of degradation that occurred. Bacillus spp. and E.coli bacteria yielded similar results and moved at a rate faster than the Pseudomonas spp., A daily rate for each bacterial species was calculated and a predictive figure based on rates was made. If the rates remained constant there would be total degradation of the polyethylene plastics by the Bacillus spp., E. coli and Pseudomonas spp., in 11.45, 11.45 and 12.35 years respectively. This is a significant finding since in nature plastics can take hundreds of years to decompose.
Short Communication: Sequence variation of DREB2 gene as a potential molecular marker for identifying resistant plants toward drought stress DWI SETYO RINI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 11 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n110107

Abstract

Abstract. Rini DS. 2019. Short Communication: Sequence variation of DREB2 gene as a potential molecular marker for identifying resistant plants toward drought stress. Nusantara Bioscience 11: 35-43. Drought stress is the most destructive environmental factor affecting agricultural productions worldwide. Drought stress affects around 60 million hectares of agricultural land in Indonesia. Therefore, the selection of crops that can grow well and survive under drought is necessary to overcome the problem of decreased crop yield during stress conditions. DREB2 (Dehydration Responsive Element Binding2) belongs to the Transcription Factor (TF) gene families as a master regulator of plant responses under stress. Due to increased expression by stress, this gene can be used as a molecular marker to identify resistant plants toward drought. However, study the sequence variation of DREB2 is required to understand the character of this gene related to its function at a molecular level. The sequence of DREB2 in several plants was obtained from NCBI and aligned to determine the similarity of the regions. Even though variations were found in N-terminal of DREB2 sequences studied, there was a high similarity of the sequences in the DNA binding domain. It has been predicted that this domain is part of a conserved region in the sequence of DREB2 gene. This domain is then proposed to be used for primer designing purposes to study DREB2 gene expression between plant species.  Keywords: DREB2, drought stress, sequence variation

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