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Nusantara Bioscience
Published by Universitas Sebelas Maret
ISSN : 20873948     EISSN : 20873956     DOI : https://doi.org/10.13057/nusbiosci
Core Subject : Education,
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Aims and Scope Nusantara Bioscience (Nusantara Biosci) encourages submission of manuscripts dealing with all aspects of biological sciences that emphasize issues germane to biological and nature conservation.
Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum
Articles 545 Documents
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Antioxidant and toxicity properties of anthocyanin extracted from red flower of four tropical shrubs HARLINDA KUSPRADINI; ANINDYA MARSABELLA ROSIARTO; AGMI SINTA PUTRI; IRAWAN WIJAYA KUSUMA
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080201

Abstract

Abstract. Kuspradini H, Rosiarto AM, Putri AS, Kusuma IW. 2016. Antioxidant and toxicity properties of anthocyanin extracted from red flower of four tropical shrubs. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 135-140. Some of flowers are colored by anthocyanins and make their own shade profile. Anthocyanins are natural colorants which have gained a growing interest due to their extensive range of colors and beneficial health effects. Anthocyanin content, antioxidant and toxicity activity of four red flowers (Bougainvillea glabra, Jatropha integerrima, Melastoma malabathricum, and Mussaenda philippica) has been evaluated in this study by pH-differential, DPPH and Brine Shrimp Lethality method, respectively. In this present work, 1% HCl-ethanol and ethanol solvent were used for the extraction. The extractive yield was varied in different extraction system, 5.80 to 13.30% in 1% HCl-ethanol and 6.29 to 8.81% in ethanol solvent. The IC50 of antioxidant from different extraction systems were also varied, whereas the acidified ethanol extracts showed the highest scavenging activity than the ethanol extracts, 11.67 to 46.38 ppm and 79.08 to 133.35 ppm, respectively. The free radical scavenging action of 1% HCl-ethanol extracts of flower is in the order as J. integerrima > M. malabathricum > M. philippica > B. glabra while in the ethanol extracts are in the order as M. malabathricum > J. integerrima > B. glabra >M. philippica. In the group of 1% HCl-ethanol extracts, Jatropha integerrima Jacq was the richest in anthocyanin content (15.83 mg CGE/100 g DW) and showed the strongest antioxidant activity (11.67 ppm) and not toxic. Therefore, these can be regarded as a potential pigment source for food and natural product applications.
Short Communication: Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil from Salvia hypoleuca at different growth stages KIAN-DEHKIAN HABIB; BARZIN GITI; MAZOOJI ALI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080203

Abstract

Abstract. Habib KD, Giti B, Mazooji Ali M. 2016. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oil from Salvia hypoleuca at different growth stages. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 145-149. The objective of this study was to investigate the chemical composition of essential oils extracted from Salvia hypoleuca aerial parts, wild type from Iran at various growth stages. Samples of the plant were taken during its vegetative, flowering and fruit stages. The different plant part samples were crushed and subjected separately to hydro-distillation. The obtained essential oil components were then analyzed by a combination of capillary GC and GC-MS. The DPPH method was used to evaluate antioxidant activity of the essential oils. Fifty-nine components were identified in essential oils. The major components of essential oils from the aerial parts were caryophyllene oxide (21.3-37.8%), the E-caryophyllene (13-18.1%), the bicyclogermacrene (6.7-13.1%), and germacrene D (3.8-10.3%). Antioxidant evaluations of the oils showed a moderate antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 32.6, 25.0, and 41.2 mg/mL of samples taken at the vegetative, flowering and fruit stages, respectively.
Short Communication: Qualitative determination of secondary metabolic compounds and macro-nutrients some botanical pesticide plants of East Kalimantan, Indonesia INCE RADEN; SUYADI SUYADI; THAMRIN THAMRIN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080202

Abstract

Abstract. Raden I, Suyadi, Thamrin. 2016. Qualitative determination of secondary metabolic compounds and macro-nutrients some botanical pesticide plants of East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 141-144. The existence of natural alternative inputs for crop husbandry was considered as important resource of good agricultural practices to attend an environmentally friendly agricultural management. There are numerous potential plants for botanical pesticide used native in East Kalimantan, and those plants have been used by farmer to pest control, but they didn't know secondary metabolic compound and macronutrient in the plants. Pest control and soil fertility management were two main problems of agricultural development in East Kalimantan. This study aims to determine various secondary metabolic compounds and macronutrients content of six botanical pesticide plants, i.e. marigold (Tagetes erecta L.), neem tree (Azadirachta indica L.), sweet flag (Acorus calamus L.), brotowali (Tinospora crispa L.), soursop (Annona muricata L.), and golden trumpet vine (Allamanda cathartica L.). Some laboratory analysis were implemented in the study, variables used to determine secondary metabolic compounds were flavonoids; steroids; alkaloid; tannins; triterpenoids; and saponins, while, variables used to determine macronutrients were Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium, Magnesium, and Calcium. Results showed that all of six botanical pesticides evaluated in this study were containing potential secondary metabolic compounds (SMC), soursop leaves containing three kinds of SMC (flavonoids, steroid, and tannin), whereas golden trumpet vine leaves only containing one kind of SMC (tannin), and the other four botanical pesticides (marigold, neem tree, sweet flag, and brotowali) containing two kinds of SMC (flavonoids and tannin). Furthermore, based on macronutrients content analysis, marigold contains macronutrient higher than other plants as liquid fertilizer source followed by neem tree, soursop, and sweet flag.
Relationship between insect herbivory and environmental variables in forests of northern Iran GOODARZ HAJIZADEH; HAMID JALIL VAND; MOHAMMAD REZA KAVOSI; HASSAN BARIMANI VARANDI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080205

Abstract

Abstract. Hajizadeh G, Jalilvand H, Kavosi MR, Varandi HB. 2016. Relationship between insect herbivory and environmental variables in forests of northern Iran. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 155-160. This research aimed to recognize the relationship between the intensity of insect herbivory and environmental variables (stand structure, and physical and chemical properties of soil and litter) in Hyrcanian forests, northern Iran. Three forest types (Pinus brutia, Parrotia persica-Carpinus betulus, and Fagus orientalis), which covered the elevational gradient of the study region, were selected. In each forest type, three random plots (20×20m) at 100m intervals were sampled. The dominant polyphagous species, Ennomos quercinaria (Hufnagel, 1767), belonging to Geometridae family was identified. The forest types experiencing the lowest and highest defoliation intensity were P. brutia (12±2.08) and F. orientalis (57.67±5.36), respectively. The intensity of insect herbivory was significantly correlated with various structural parameters [forest type, elevation, diameter at breast height (DBH), tree density, tree cutting and canopy opening (%)], physical and chemical properties of the soil [clay, pH, and potassium (K)], and litter properties [depth and total nitrogen (N)]. The study illustrates a way to monitor geometrid population dynamics across environmental gradients in terms of their population density, degree of polyphagy and distribution; such results could be useful for developing appropriate management plans for these economically important insects.
Short Communication: Effect of growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of Aganope heptaphylla (Leguminosae) R. SUBEKTI PURWANTORO
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080204

Abstract

Abstract. Purwantoro RS. 2016. Effect of growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of Aganope heptaphylla (Leguminosae). Nusantara Bioscience 8: 150-154. This study was carried out to explore the effect of growing media on seed germination and seedling growth of Aganope heptaphylla (L.) Polhill. The research was conducted in the greenhouse of Bogor Botanic Gardens nursery for two months from July to August in 2015. An experiment was carried out employing a completely randomized design with three treatments and three replications. The treatments were different sowing media: sand, rice husks, and sawdust. Each treatment had 15 seeds placed in plastic trays. The results showed that the germination percentage in the rice husk medium (75.6%) was higher and the peak germination value (0.55) significantly higher (at p<0.5) than in the other media. The medium of rice husks was found to be significantly best for the growth of the seedlings; it gave the highest growth in terms of seedling height (40.5 cm), number of roots (46) and the length of roots (11.2 cm).
The difference growth and development of army worm (Spodoptera litura) on five host plants MARIDA SANTI YUDHA IKA BAYU; AYDA KRISNAWATI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080206

Abstract

Abstract. Bayu MSYI, Krisnawati A. 2016. The difference growth and development of armyworm (Spodoptera litura) on five host plants. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 161-168. Spodoptera litura is the important pest on soybean in Indonesia. The objective of this study was to determine the best feed that supports the development of S. litura and can be used for mass rearing of S. litura. This research was conducted in the Laboratory of Entomology, Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute on March-April 2014 using randomized complete design, five treatments, and 30 replicates. The treatments were Glycine max, Jatropha curcas, Ricinus communis, Ipomoea aquatica, and Amaranthus viridis. One leaf of each host plant was entered into test tube and was infested by one larva of S. litura 0 days after emergence. The result showed that feeds significantly affected the body size, survival rate, developmental time, reproduction, and longevity of S. litura. The longest and heaviest larvae were found on I. aquatica, 28.5 mm and 0.42 g respectively. The longest and heaviest pupae were found on I. aquatica, 19.3 mm, and 0.36 g respectively. The faster developmental time was found on I. aquatica (22.2 days) and R. communis (22.4 days). Furthermore, total egg masses produced by female were high on I. aquatica (11.6 egg masses). In conclusion, I. aquatica and R. communis leaves were found to be preferred for S. litura life which shown the best growth and development of this pest, so it can be used as feed for mass rearing of S. litura.
Short Communication: New record of Linum austriacum var. album from Iran SEYED MEHDI TALEBI; MASOUD SHEIDAI; MITRA NOORI
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080208

Abstract

Abstract. Talebi SM, Sheidai M, Noori M. 2016. Short Communication: New record of Linum austriacum var. album from Iran. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 174-179. Different infraspecific taxa were described for Linum austriacum in various flora all over the world, while no verity/subspecies was recorded for this species in Iran. In the present study, for the first time, a new variety of the species, in the name of L. austriacum var. album were introduced for Iran. This variety was found in near Famenin city in Hamadan province. Comparison of morphological and phytochemical traits of var. album with its two nearest taxa, Linum austriacum var. austriacum and L. glaucum, showed that the main morphological difference of this variety with L. austriacum var. austriacum was the petal color, however most of morphological characteristics of var. album were bigger than var. austriacum. In addition, the kinds, as well as amount of flavonoids, differed between the studied taxa
Short Communication: Fishing inside Qeshm Island's MPA, Atortuous approach VAHID CHAMANARA; EHSAN KAMRANI; MOSTAFA ZAHIRINIA; KATHLEEN SCHWERDTNER MANEZ
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080207

Abstract

Abstract. Chamanara V, Kamrani E, Zahirinia M, Máñez KS. 2016. Short Communication: Fishing inside Qeshm Island’s MPA, A tortuous approach. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 169-173. Incremental pressure of population growth in coastal areas has led to loss in many mangrove areas. Although these areas are fish nursery grounds and are very important in stock assessments, there is no accurate and up-to-date available data about them. In this research, the catch data in the Qeshm Island Marine Protected Area (MPA) of Iran was investigated using 11 stake nets. Totally, 81 specimens belonging to 69 genera and 63 families were caught, which majority of them were discarded. The commercial fish were young which were mostly smaller than LM50. In case of White Pomfret as well, only 15.3% of the caught individuals were in the legal catch size. Hence, this catch composition would be a potential threat to fish stocks. The major numerical and weight based specimens were Dussumieria acuta (10.05%) and Arius maculatus (5.9%), respectively. Containing 7 species, the Clupeidae was the most abundant family in the catch composition. Eventually, total annual catch by abovementioned stake nets within the mangrove forests in the Qeshm Island marine protected area was estimated to be 186.77-188.75 tonnes, approximately.
Flowering and seed production of sandalwood (Santalum album; Santalaceae) along environmental gradients in Gunung Sewu Geopark, Indonesia YENI W.N. RATNANINGRUM; ENY FARIDAH; SAPTO INDRIOKO; ATUS SYAHBUDIN
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080209

Abstract

Abstract. Ratnaningrum YWN, Faridah E. Indroko S, Syahbudin A. 2016. Flowering and seed production of sandalwood (Santalum album; Santalaceae) along environmental gradients in Gunung Sewu Geopark, Indonesia. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 180-191. We observed flowering and seed production of sandalwood populations along environmental gradients in Gunung Sewu Geopark, Indonesia, in 2013 to 2014 flowering periods. We observe flowering phenology with regard to floral initiation, phases and periods, and measured Pollination Effectiveness and Reproductive Success, following modified methods of Owens et al and Ghazoul. Flowering and seed production varied with altitude and climatic conditions, and altered by changes in rainfall, temperature and soil moisture. Sites with lower altitude, lower rainfall, highest temperature, lowest relative humidity, and lowest soil moisture flowered earlier and shorter. Flowering delayed and prolonged by increasing altitude, temperature, and humidity. At all sites, ?owering delayed and prolonged in rainy compared to dry season. Lower populations produced more flowers in rainy season, however, higher abortion resulted in very low seed production. Dry season produced less flowers but higher reproductive success was achieved, resulting in more fruits. The lowest altitude performed highest reproductive outputs. More marked differences among sites were observed in the dry season. Flowering and seed production was also observed to be temperature sensitive. Both drop and increase on temperature resulted in the alteration of flowering frequency and reproductive outputs. Sandalwood in Gunung Sewu grows naturally in association with tropical monsoon vegetation, i.e. acacia, cajuputi, teak, and mahogany. The conservation of this endangered species, particularly under wider range of landscapes, should be maintained with a different strategy according to the degree of plant sensitivity to environmental features.
Nephroprotective potential of Pistacia chinensis bark extract against induced toxicity in rats SAADIA SATTAR; MUHAMMAD RASHID KHAN; NASEER ALI SHAH; FARAH NOUREEN; KIRAN NAZ
Nusantara Bioscience Vol. 8 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Smujo International

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13057/nusbiosci/n080210

Abstract

Abstract. Sattar S, Khan MR, Shah NA, Noureen F, Naz K. 2016. Nephroprotective potential of Pistacia chinensis bark extract against induced toxicity in rats. Nusantara Bioscience 8: 192-200. Pistacia chinensis possesses profound antioxidant properties. In this study, the protective influence of P. chinensis bark ethanol extract (PCBE) was scrutinized against CCl4 induced renal toxicity in rats (6 rats in each group). Seven different groups of Sprague–Dawley male rats were intraperitoneally injected with CCl4 (1 mL/kg b.w.; 30% CCl4 in olive oil) at an interval of 48 hour for four weeks. PCBE at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg b.w. or silymarin at a dose of 100 mg/kg b.w. was orally administered to the animals on alternate days. CCl4 induced renal toxicity was evident by a significant increase in specific gravity, albumin, count of RBCs and pus cells in urine. Administration of PCBE significantly ameliorated the enhanced serum level of urea, creatinine, and bilirubin whereas increased the level of total protein. Moreover, the influence of CCl4 significantly elevated the level of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), H2O2 and nitrite content whereas enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, ?-glutamyl transpeptidase, and quinone reductase), non- enzymatic antioxidant reduced glutathione (GSH) content in kidney homogenate was compromised. When animals were treated along PCBE, a remarkable protective role was observed on all the parameters of kidney in comparison to only CCl4 treated groups. From this study, it can be concluded that PCBE holds an effective antioxidant and nephroprotective property.

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