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COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA People’s Empowerment, Rights, Human Advocacy, and Legal Knowledge Initiative (PERHAKI) Division Editorial Office: Karanganyar 003/001, Pekutan, Mirit, Kab. Kebumen, Jawa Tengah
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INDONESIA
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements
ISSN : -     EISSN : 31646859     DOI : https://doi.org/10.65815
Core Subject :
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements (e-ISSN: 3164-6859) is published by COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA, issued four times a year in January, April, July, and October, and was first published in 2024. It is a double anonymous peer-reviewed academic journal focusing on the relationship between communication, democracy, and political movements in Indonesia. The journal publishes scholarly works examining political discourse, media and communication, democratic processes, civil society, political participation, social and digital media, political mobilization, and social and political movements. It also welcomes interdisciplinary studies addressing the intersection of communication with culture, religion, politics, and governance, including issues related to media freedom, government influence, and digital communication. The journal encourages theoretical, empirical, and case-based studies that contribute to understanding the role of communication in shaping political discourse and democratic development. It publishes original research articles, review articles, and other scholarly works relevant to its scope. The journal applies an Open Access Policy, providing free and immediate access to published articles. Copyright is retained by the authors, and articles are published under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license.
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Articles 55 Documents
Media, Mobilization, and the State: Hashtag Activism and State Response: The #ReformasiDikorupsi Movement in Indonesia Arka Daffa Pratama
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): January, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/3a5shs75

Abstract

This study examines the dynamics of hashtag activism and state response through the case of the #ReformasiDikorupsi movement in Indonesia, a digital protest that emerged as a reaction to perceived political corruption and democratic backsliding. As social media becomes an increasingly central arena for political mobilization, hashtag movements have gained prominence in shaping public discourse, enabling rapid collective action, and challenging institutional authority. This research investigates how #ReformasiDikorupsi mobilized citizens, framed political grievances, and pressured the state, while also analyzing how government actors responded to online mobilization through communication strategies, policy rhetoric, and regulatory measures. Using a qualitative case study approach, the study analyzes social media content, activist narratives, mainstream media coverage, and official statements to trace the movement’s evolution and state reactions. The findings reveal that hashtag activism facilitated horizontal coordination among diverse social groups and amplified anti-corruption discourse by combining symbolic messaging with practical calls for accountability. However, the movement’s impact was constrained by fragmented leadership, digital echo chambers, and the state’s capacity to manage public sentiment through selective engagement and information control. The state response included strategic framing, co-optation of narratives, and regulatory rhetoric that sought to delegitimize dissent while presenting reforms as responsive to public concerns. The novelty of this study lies in its integrative analysis of both activist mobilization and state response within a single digital movement, moving beyond studies that treat online activism as isolated from governmental strategies. The research contributes to political communication and digital politics by highlighting the contested nature of digital public spheres and the adaptive interplay between citizen mobilization and state governance. It concludes that sustaining democratic accountability requires transparent state engagement, protection of digital rights, and mechanisms that translate online mobilization into institutional reforms.
Narrating Law, Contesting Democracy: Discourse Strategies in Indonesia’s Omnibus Law Protests 2020 Nadim Rizqi Hidayat
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): January, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/7qqywe71

Abstract

This study examines the discourse strategies employed during Indonesia’s Omnibus Law protests in 2020, analyzing how legal narratives were mobilized to contest democratic legitimacy and shape public perceptions of state power. The Omnibus Law on Job Creation triggered widespread protests across the country, with civil society, labor unions, student organizations, and political activists framing the law as a threat to workers’ rights, environmental protections, and democratic accountability. Using qualitative discourse analysis of protest speeches, social media content, news media coverage, and official government statements, the research investigates how competing actors constructed legal meaning, legitimacy, and democratic claims. The findings show that protesters used a combination of legal critique, moral rhetoric, and participatory discourse to portray the law as undemocratic, illegitimate, and reflective of elite interests. They strategically employed narrative techniques such as legal storytelling, symbolic framing, and emotional appeals to mobilize public support and reframe the law as a democratic issue rather than merely a policy matter. In contrast, government narratives emphasized economic necessity, legal formalism, and national stability, framing opposition as misinformed or politically motivated. The novelty of this study lies in its focus on the discursive construction of law and democracy in the context of mass protests, highlighting how legal texts become sites of political contestation through communication practices. The study contributes to scholarship on law and politics by demonstrating how discourse strategies influence democratic contestation and public legitimacy during major policy reforms. It concludes that understanding the communicative dynamics of legal protests is essential for strengthening democratic deliberation and recommends enhancing transparency, inclusive policymaking, and participatory legal processes to mitigate democratic erosion.
The Rhetoric of Anti-Corruption: A Comparative Analysis of #SaveKPK Discourse and Global Anti-Graft Campaigns Rafli Awan Santoso
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): January, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/9gkg0t63

Abstract

This study provides a comparative analysis of the rhetoric employed in Indonesia’s #SaveKPK movement and global anti-corruption campaigns, exploring how discursive strategies shape public perceptions of corruption, institutional legitimacy, and democratic accountability. The #SaveKPK movement emerged as a prominent response to attempts to weaken the Corruption Eradication Commission (KPK), mobilizing civil society, media, and political actors through online and offline advocacy. This research examines the rhetorical patterns and framing devices used in #SaveKPK discourse, and compares them with anti-graft narratives from selected global campaigns to identify commonalities and contextual variations. Using qualitative discourse analysis, the study analyzes social media posts, campaign materials, speeches, and news coverage to map themes such as moralization of corruption, institutional heroism, civic duty, and populist anti-elite rhetoric. The findings reveal that #SaveKPK discourse relies heavily on moral and symbolic language, portraying the KPK as a national guardian of integrity and framing corruption as a threat to democracy and public welfare. In comparison, global campaigns display varied rhetorical approaches depending on political context, including legalistic, technocratic, and rights-based frames, yet share a common emphasis on transparency, accountability, and citizen participation. The novelty of this research lies in its comparative approach, which situates Indonesia’s anti-corruption rhetoric within broader transnational discursive trends, offering a systematic cross-contextual understanding of anti-graft communication. The study contributes to political communication and anti-corruption scholarship by highlighting how rhetorical strategies mobilize support, construct legitimacy, and influence policy debates across different democratic settings. It concludes that effective anti-corruption advocacy requires combining moral narratives with institutional reforms and inclusive civic engagement to sustain democratic integrity.
Youth, Protest, and Democratic Imaginaries: Indonesia’s 2019 Student Movement as a Case of Political Socialization Zayyan Fathan Nugraha
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): January, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/4zffhx08

Abstract

This study investigates Indonesia’s 2019 student movement as a case of political socialization, focusing on how youth-led protests contribute to shaping democratic imaginaries and civic identity in a transitional democratic context. The 2019 protests, sparked by proposed legislative reforms perceived as undermining civil liberties and democratic institutions, mobilized thousands of students across the country and became a defining moment in contemporary Indonesian politics. Using qualitative methods, including discourse analysis of protest slogans, speeches, social media content, and interviews with student activists, the research examines how young participants construct political meanings, negotiate collective identities, and articulate visions of democracy. The findings show that the movement functioned as a formative space for political learning, where students developed critical awareness of governance, justice, and civic responsibility through collective action. Protest rhetoric combined moral narratives, constitutionalism, and participatory ideals, enabling youth to position themselves as guardians of democratic values and future stewards of the nation. Moreover, digital platforms amplified the movement’s reach and facilitated political socialization by providing spaces for debate, coordination, and identity formation. The novelty of this study lies in conceptualizing the 2019 student movement not only as political resistance but as a process of democratic education and identity formation, emphasizing the role of protest in shaping long-term political attitudes. The study contributes to scholarship on youth politics and democratization by demonstrating how collective mobilization influences civic socialization and democratic commitment among young citizens. It concludes that sustaining democratic resilience in Indonesia requires recognizing youth activism as a vital site of political learning and recommends strengthening civic education and participatory mechanisms that integrate student voices into democratic governance.
Religion, Identity, and Electoral Discourse: The 2017 Jakarta Governor Election in Comparative Perspective Alfian Rafiq Putra; Ahmad Jihad
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 1 (2024): January, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/qhgrb894

Abstract

This study examines the intersection of religion, identity, and electoral discourse during the 2017 Jakarta Governor Election, situating the case within comparative perspectives of identity politics in democratic elections. The Jakarta election, marked by intense religious framing and public debates over faith, citizenship, and moral legitimacy, became a pivotal moment in Indonesia’s democratic trajectory. This research analyzes how religious identity was mobilized, contested, and instrumentalized by political actors, media, and civil society, and how such discursive strategies shaped voter perceptions and democratic norms. Employing qualitative discourse analysis, the study examines campaign speeches, political advertisements, social media narratives, news coverage, and public statements from key candidates and religious organizations. The findings reveal that electoral discourse was shaped by competing frames: one that emphasized pluralism, constitutionalism, and civic inclusion, and another that invoked religious purity, moral authority, and majoritarian legitimacy. Religious symbolism and identity narratives were used not only to mobilize supporters but also to delegitimize opponents, producing polarization and challenges to democratic pluralism. The comparative perspective highlights how similar dynamics of religious identity in electoral politics occur in other democracies, while also demonstrating the specific role of Indonesia’s religious institutions and historical context in shaping outcomes. The novelty of this study lies in its comparative approach to the Jakarta case, integrating local socio-religious complexities with broader theories of identity politics and electoral communication. The contribution of the research is to deepen understanding of how religion functions as a political resource and a discursive tool in elections, offering insights for policymakers, political parties, and civil society on safeguarding democratic inclusivity. It concludes that maintaining democratic resilience requires strengthening institutional safeguards, promoting inclusive political narratives, and enhancing public media literacy to mitigate identity-based polarization.
From Street to Screen: Surveillance, Fear, and Digital Protest in Indonesia’s Mass Movements Kian Aditya Prasetya
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): April, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/7bgess40

Abstract

This study investigates the interplay between surveillance, fear, and digital protest within Indonesia’s mass movements, exploring how state and non-state monitoring practices shape the transition from street mobilization to online activism. In recent years, Indonesia has witnessed significant mass protests driven by political, social, and economic grievances, while digital platforms have become central to organizing, documenting, and disseminating protest narratives. Simultaneously, the expansion of digital surveillance—through state security apparatuses, platform governance, and online monitoring—has generated fear among activists and influenced the strategies of political dissent. Using a qualitative case study approach, the research analyzes protest-related social media content, activist testimonies, state communications, and media reports from major Indonesian mass movements to identify patterns of digital resistance and adaptation. The findings reveal that surveillance practices contribute to a climate of fear that affects both offline and online mobilization, prompting activists to adopt encrypted communication, anonymized accounts, and decentralized coordination. Digital protest thus emerges as both a response to and a product of surveillance, where activists negotiate visibility and risk while maintaining collective action. The study also highlights the paradox that increased online visibility can amplify protest messages but simultaneously expose participants to targeted repression. The novelty of this research lies in its integrated analysis of surveillance and digital protest in Indonesia’s contemporary movements, moving beyond studies that treat digital activism and state monitoring as separate phenomena. The contribution to scholarship lies in providing a nuanced framework for understanding how fear and surveillance reshape democratic dissent in digital spaces, emphasizing the role of technology in both enabling and constraining political participation. The study concludes that protecting digital rights, strengthening legal safeguards, and promoting secure communication infrastructures are essential for sustaining democratic protest in Indonesia’s digital era.
Polarization, Hate Speech, and Democracy: Social Media Discourse During Indonesia’s 2019 Elections Daffa Irfan Mahendra
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): April, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/g5g08d64

Abstract

This study investigates the relationship between polarization, hate speech, and democratic processes through the analysis of social media discourse during Indonesia’s 2019 elections. As Indonesia’s digital public sphere expands, social media platforms have become central venues for political communication, yet they also facilitate the spread of inflammatory rhetoric, identity-based hostility, and misinformation that can undermine democratic norms. The research aims to examine how online discourse contributed to political polarization and how hate speech was mobilized to influence voter behavior, shape public perceptions, and challenge the legitimacy of electoral outcomes. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study combines quantitative content analysis of social media posts with qualitative discourse analysis of selected high-impact messages and networked conversations. Data were collected from major platforms during the peak campaign period and election aftermath to capture the dynamics of polarization and hostility. The findings reveal that social media discourse during the 2019 elections was characterized by polarized echo chambers, frequent use of religious and ethnic identity cues, and strategic deployment of hate speech to delegitimize opponents. Hate speech often functioned as a political tool to mobilize supporters and reinforce group boundaries, while also generating fear, distrust, and social fragmentation. The novelty of this research lies in its contextualized examination of electoral hate speech within Indonesia’s multi-religious and multi-ethnic democratic setting, integrating both quantitative and qualitative perspectives. The study contributes to political communication and democratic theory by highlighting the mechanisms through which social media discourse can erode democratic deliberation and institutional trust. It concludes that addressing online polarization requires stronger regulatory frameworks, improved platform accountability, and comprehensive media literacy programs to foster respectful and inclusive political dialogue.
Populist Communication in Indonesia: The Discourse of ‘People vs Elite’ in Recent Political Movements Fathan Arief Kurniawan
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): April, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/hj6yxr50

Abstract

This study examines populist communication in Indonesia by analyzing the discourse of ‘people versus elite’ within recent political movements, focusing on how populist narratives shape public sentiment, political mobilization, and democratic legitimacy. Populist rhetoric has become increasingly prominent in Indonesia’s political landscape, particularly through social media, mass protests, and political campaigns that emphasize anti-elite sentiments, moral dichotomies, and claims of representing the “true people.” This research explores how political actors construct and disseminate populist frames, how audiences interpret and reproduce them, and how such discursive strategies influence political participation and institutional trust. Employing qualitative discourse analysis of movement speeches, online content, campaign messaging, and media coverage from selected political movements in the last decade, the study identifies recurring themes, rhetorical devices, and narrative structures that characterize populist communication in Indonesia. The findings reveal that populist discourse often relies on simplified moral binaries, emotional appeals, and symbolic language to delegitimize political opponents and elevate movement leaders as authentic representatives of the people. It also shows that populist communication can strengthen collective identity and mobilize participation, while simultaneously undermining pluralism and democratic deliberation by fostering polarization and distrust toward institutions. The novelty of this research lies in its focus on populist communication as a strategic process within civil society movements rather than solely within electoral politics, providing a broader understanding of how populism operates in Indonesia’s democratic public sphere. The study contributes to political communication and democratization literature by offering a context-sensitive framework for analyzing populist discourse and its implications for democratic resilience. It concludes that managing populist communication requires strengthening inclusive public narratives, improving political education, and reinforcing institutional transparency to mitigate anti-elite polarization.
Ethnic Media and Conflict Narratives: The Papua Protests in Indonesia’s National Discourse Aldo Fajar Wibowo
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): April, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/b4943224

Abstract

This study examines the role of ethnic media in shaping conflict narratives during the Papua protests and their impact on Indonesia’s national discourse. The Papua region has experienced longstanding socio-political tensions, and media coverage plays a crucial role in framing public understanding, influencing policy debates, and mediating relations between local communities and the state. This research investigates how ethnic and mainstream media construct, amplify, or contest narratives surrounding the protests, focusing on issues of identity, grievance, and state legitimacy. Employing qualitative content and discourse analysis, the study examines news articles, broadcast segments, social media outputs, and public statements produced by Papua-based and national media outlets during major protest events. The findings reveal that ethnic media often foreground local perspectives, emphasizing historical marginalization, cultural identity, and grassroots grievances, whereas national media frequently frame the protests in terms of security, law enforcement, or political stability. These divergent narratives contribute to contrasting public perceptions and may reinforce regional-national tensions. The study also identifies the strategic use of symbolic language, emotive storytelling, and selective framing as key mechanisms through which media shape conflict discourse. The novelty of this research lies in its comparative analysis of ethnic versus national media narratives within a contested political and social context, providing insight into how media mediates identity, conflict, and democratic participation in Indonesia. The contribution of the study is twofold: it enhances understanding of media’s role in conflict governance and offers policy-relevant recommendations for inclusive reporting that accommodates minority perspectives while mitigating polarization. The study concludes that promoting balanced, context-sensitive media narratives is essential for democratic dialogue, social cohesion, and conflict-sensitive policymaking in Papua and other marginalized regions.
Gendered Discourses in Political Movements: Women’s Participation in Indonesia’s Anti-Omnibus Law Protests Rizqi Naufal Ramadhan; Mohammad Zaki Abdul Mubarrak
Indonesian Discourse on Communication, Democracy, and Political Movements Vol. 1 No. 2 (2024): April, 2024
Publisher : COLLEGIUM JUSTICIA INDONESIA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.65815/08t5r766

Abstract

This study investigates gendered discourses and women’s participation in Indonesia’s anti-Omnibus Law protests, examining how women activists construct political identities and mobilize gendered narratives within a major national movement. The 2020 Omnibus Law on Job Creation sparked widespread opposition, and women played significant roles as organizers, speakers, and participants, yet their contributions and gender-specific experiences have often been marginalized in mainstream accounts. Employing qualitative discourse analysis and feminist political communication frameworks, the research analyzes protest speeches, social media content, interview data with women activists, and movement documentation to identify how gendered discourses are produced, circulated, and contested. The findings reveal that women’s participation in the protests is framed through multiple discursive strategies, including maternal citizenship, labor rights advocacy, and moral accountability, which serve to legitimize their public presence and challenge traditional gender norms. Women activists also use gendered humor, symbolic performances, and intersectional framing to address issues such as labor precarity, sexual violence, and political exclusion, thereby expanding the movement’s democratic claims. However, the study also finds that gendered discourses can be co-opted or limited by patriarchal movement structures and societal expectations, resulting in unequal recognition and decision-making power. The novelty of this research lies in its explicit focus on gendered discourse as a central analytical lens for understanding women’s roles in large-scale political mobilization in Indonesia. The contribution of the study is to deepen scholarship on gender and protest by demonstrating how women’s communicative practices shape movement dynamics and democratic participation. It concludes that enhancing women’s leadership and representation in political movements requires institutional support, gender-sensitive organizing, and greater visibility of women’s political contributions within public discourse.