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Faculty of Agriculture, University of Lampung, Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro No. 1, Bandarlampung 35145, Indonesia
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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Soils
Published by Universitas Lampung
ISSN : 0852257X     EISSN : 20866682     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.v25i1
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
Journal of Tropical Soils (JTS) publishes all aspects in the original research of soil science (soil physic and soil conservation, soil mineralogy, soil chemistry and soil fertility, soil biology and soil biochemical, soil genesis and classification, land survey and land evaluation, land development and management environmental), and related subjects in which using soil from tropical areas.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Lingkungan (semua ketegori) - Konservasi Alam dan Lahan
Articles 11 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009" : 11 Documents clear
Evaluation for the Potential Use of Silicate Rocks from FourVolcanoes in Indonesia as Fertilizer and Soil Ameliorant Priyono, Joko; Sutriono, Raden; Arifin, Zaenal
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.1-8

Abstract

Silicate rocks, the abundant plant nutrient source in Indonesia, have not been evaluated for use as a fertilizer/and soil ameliorant. This research was aimed to identify (1) mineral and elemental compositions of silicate rocks originated from Galunggung, Kelud, Tambora, and Rinjani Volcanoes and (2) soil properties determining dissolution rate of plant nutrients from the silicate rock fertilizers (SRFs). The rocks were ground with a ball mill for 10 min providing SRFs with medians of particle size of 30 – 50 mm. Each SRF was added to 6 soils from West Java, East Java, and Lombok Island at a rate equivalent to 20 t ha-1, incubated for 28 days in a laboratory condition.  Results indicate that adding SRFs clearly increased soil pH with negligible effect on soil salinity. Adding SRFs also increased quantity of citric-oxalic-extractable plant nutrients (Ca, K, Zn, and Cu) and activity of soil micro-organisms. Dissolution of plant nutrients from the SRFs in the soils was mainly determined by combination factors of C-organic content and pH of soils before application of the SRFs. It was concluded that SRFs originated from those volcanoes may be used as a plant-multi nutrient source and a remedial agent for acidic and biologically degraded soils. However, the true effectiveness of SRFs for those uses needs to be further tested under various soil-plant systems.
The Long-Term Effect of Blanket Phosphorus Fertilizer Application on the Available P Content in Sawah Soils; Comparative Study in Java, Indonesia Darmawan, .; Kyuma, Kazutake; Masunaga, Tsugiyuki; Asmar, .; Darfis, Irwan; Wakatsuki, Toshiyuki
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.9-18

Abstract

In order to evaluate the effects of long-term phosphorus fertilizer application on the sawah soils, a comparative study was conducted in Java Island as a pioneer of Green Revolution (GR) technology application in Indonesia. Soil samples taken in 1970 by Kawaguchi and Kyuma were compared with new sample taken from the same site or the sites close to 1970 in 2003. The results showed that available phosphorus (P) sharply increased during the study period. The average content of available P in topsoil layer changed from 10.5±11.6 mg kg-1 P in 1970 to 19.6±22.4 mg kg-1 P in 2003, or increased by 118%. Long-term application of 125 kg super-phosphate [Ca(H2PO4)2] per hectares per cropping season as P fertilizers was also affected the profile distribution of available P in whole sites studied, especially in Vertisols. The land management differences between seedfarms planted with rice in monoculture systems whole study period and non-seedfarms cultivated rice and upland crops in some rotation patterns found affected the changing rate of available P in the soils. During the period of 1970-2003, average content of available P in seedfarms changed from 15.7±16.2 mg kg-1 P to 31.1±29.1 mg kg-1 P, while in non-seedfarm from 6.9±8.7 mg kg-1 P to 11.5±8.2 mg kg-1 P in 1970 and 2003, respectively. The great variation on the changing rate of available P observed in this study indicated that general chemical fertilizers recommendation in Indonesia was caused excess P input in some sites, but insufficient in others. To avoid the adverse effect of P fertilizer application in the future, recommendation of P should be based on the site characteristic and taking into account of natural resources contribution.
Reaksi Pemasaman Senyawa Pirit pada Tanah Rawa Pasang Surut Priatmadi, Bambang Joko; Haris, Abdul
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.19-24

Abstract

Most of swamp soils in tidal land are Acid Sulfate Soils. Acid sulfate soils are the common name given to soils containing iron sulfides (pyrite). The soils are characterized by very low pH and high amount of soluble S and Fe, resulted from oxidation of pyrite when soils are drained.  This study was aimed to determine acidity pattern, iron and sulfate solubility as the impact of the length time of oxidized, the effect of inhibitors application to acidity rate of sulfidic materials and top soils.  The materials are: (1) soils at pyritic layer (sulfidic materials) and (2) soils at 0 – 20 cm from soil surface.  Soils is sampled at Barambai reclaimed area, Barito Kuala Regency, South Kalimantan Province.  In the laboratory soils treated with some ameliorants, that are silica, phosphate and lime applied with dosage 2 t ha-1 with 3 replications times.  The soils incubated for 2 weeks under submerged condition.  After soil incubation, soil exposed to the air for 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks.  Parameters of soil analysis include pH, sulfate and iron soluble. Results of this study showed that (1) soil acidity rate of  sulfidic materials more faster than upper soils when soils and sulfidic materials oxidized intensively, (2) at submerged soil condition or high soil water content, the application of ameliorants effective increasing the soil pH of the upper soils, (3) at further oxidized soil condition or lower soil water content, the application of ameliorants inhibited acidity rate of soils and sulfidic materials, and (4) at further oxidized soil condition or lower soil water content, the application of ameliorants increased iron solubility of  soils and sulfidic materials.
Phosphorus Sorption Characteristics of Red Soils from Lampung, West- and Central Java Siradz, Syamsul Arifin
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.25-31

Abstract

Phosphorus Sorption Characteristics of Red Soils from Lampung, West- and Central Java (S.A. Siradz and R.J. Gilkes): Red soil is a common name used to identify any soil showing yellowish to reddish colour, these soils mainly occur in tropical and subtropical regions. The term is frequently used to convey an image of  red, infertile, acid soils in the tropics and is associated with tropical and subtropical climates which are characterized by high temperature and humidity. Major soil constraints to crop production may include low pH, low available P and high P fixation capacity, toxicity due to Al and  sometimes Mn and Fe, deficiencies of N, Ca, Mg, K,  and micronutrients e.g. Mo, Zn and Cu, low CEC and low base saturation, and very low content of weatherable minerals.  The aim of this study was to determine the phosphorus sorption characteristics of red soils from Lampung, West Java and Central Java. Soils were sampled at depth of 0-20 cm from minimally disturbed sites after discarding the uppermost few cm consisting of an accumulation of litter. The samples were air-dried, crushed using a ceramic mortar and pestle and then passed through a 0.5 mm stainless steel sieve. Measurements of P sorption were conducted by equilibrating 200 mg of air dry soil (<0.5 mm) in 20 mL 0.2 M KCl containing 0-30 mg PmL-1. P concentrations in filtrate were determined by the molybdate blue method.  Phosphorus sorption data for soils were fitted to simple Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm equations and both equations described the data equally well. Langmuir P sorption maximum (xm) for soil ranged from 719-2747 µg Pg-1, with median values of 1.825 µg Pg-1. There were systematic decreases in the values of Langmuir sorption maximum (xm) for soils from Lampung > West Java and Central Java. Values of pH(NaF), Ald, and exchangeable Ca were most predictive of P sorption in these soils.
NH4+, dan Fe3+ terhadap Ketersediaan K Jerapan dan Pengaruh Na+, NH4+ pada Tanah-tanah yang Didominasi Mineral Liat Smektit Nursyamsi, Dedi; Idris, Komaruddin; Sabiham, Supiandi; Rachim, Djunaedi Abdul; Sofyan, Agus
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.33-40

Abstract

Total content of potassium in smectitic soils is commonly high, however its availability for plant growth is frequently problem because it is fixed at interlayer space of 2:1 type of clay mineral. The research was  aimed to study the sorption and effect of Na+, NH +, and Fe3+  on soil available K at smectitic soils. It  was conducted in Laboratory of Research and Soil Test, Indonesian Soil Research Institute by using four of soil samples taken from Bogor (Typic Hapludalfs), Cilacap (Chromic Endoaquerts), Ngawi (Typic Endoaquerts), and Blora (Typic Haplustalfs). Incubation experiment used Randomized Completely Block Design, 4 treatments, and 5 replications. The treatment consisted of without cation, application of Na+, NH +, and Fe3+ from NaCl, NH Cl, and FeCl respectively at 50% of maximum adsorption level. The results showed that soil sorption, buffering capacity, and maximum sorption of Fe3+ were higher than NH + and Na+, while the variables of NH + were similar with those of Na+. Among the treatments,bond energy constant was in order of  Na+  > Fe3+  > NH +  at Alfisols and it was in order of  Fe3+  > Na+  > NH +  at Vertisols. Among the soils, the soil sorption, buffering capacity, and maximum sorption were in order of Vertisols > Alfisols. The application of Na+ significantly increased soil soluble-K at Chromic Endoaquerts and Typic Endoaquerts; NH + significantly increased soil exchangeable K at Typic Hapludalfs, Chromic Endoaquerts, and Typic Endoaquerts; while Fe3+ significantly increased both variables in all tested soils.
Nitrogen Nutrition of Some Local Rice Varieties Grown without Fertilizer on Acid Sulphate Soil Area in South Kalimantan Purnomo, Erry; Hasegawa, Toshihiro; Hashidoko, Yasuyuki; Saputra, Presto J; Osaki, Mitsuru
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.41-47

Abstract

Banjarese farmers in South Kalimantan apply a very minimum nitrogen (N) fertilizer in growing local rice. This practice has been adopted for many years. Yet, the grain yield level at farmers’ field is not necessary low. We are questioning about N sources for the crop. This study only focuses on measuring net N mineralization in association with N uptake. We grew three rice varieties at four sites in rice growing area of South Kalimantan. The net N accumulation in soil and water, plant top biomass, N concentration of plant tissue and N uptake were measured on monthly basis. The results showed that all rice varieties grown in the 4 locations took up more N than from N mineralized from the organic matter. The higher N in the crop indicates that there are other sources of N for the local rice such as N fixed by microorganisms.
Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung yang Dipupuk N, P, dan K pada Tanah Vertisol Isimu Utara Kabupaten Gorontalo Nurdin, .; Maspeke, Purnamaningsuh; Ilahude, Zulzain; Zakaria, Fauzan
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.49-56

Abstract

The fertilizer availability as source of N, P, and K nutrient where plant responsif  was difficult found by farmer. Thefore, It was needed information about nutrient availability in soil properties to know nutrient deficiency of its by maize as plant indicator. The  objective of this research was to study the respons of  N, P, and K fertilizers and the best combination of it on the growth and yield of Maize. The research conducted at Udic Pellusterts in North Isimu Tibawa District of Gorontalo Regency. The experi- mental design was following random block design that consist of 5 treatments with 3 replications. The result of this research showing that minus N, P, and K fertilizers have a significantly effect on plant age polination, the percentage of height stem of  an ear of corn to plant height and dry straw weight but did not have significantly effect on plant height and the weigh of one hundred grain of Maize. To improve the growth and yield of Maize using fertilizing without P treatment were 250 kg Urea ha-1 and 75 kg KCl ha-1 or completely dosage were 250 kg Urea ha-1, 100 kg TSP ha-1 and 75 kg KCl ha-1 as the best fertilizers combination.
Penentuan Kurva Retensi Air Tanah Laboratorium dengan Sensor Resistensi dan Kapasitansi Bowo, Cahyoadi; Hasan, Mohammad; Marhaenanto, Bambang
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.57-64

Abstract

A soil water retention curve determination method is developed based on the use of gipsblock and capacitance sensors. The objective of the research was to provide a simple and quick method in characterization of soil water retention in the laboratory based on resistance and capacitance sensors. Undisturbed soil sample collected using stainless steel ring sampler 8cm in diameter and 6cm height. Digital gipsblock and capacitance sensors connected to personal computer detected periodically water tension and volumetric water content of the sample. To test the reliability of collected data, measurement using pressure plate apparatus was also conducted. Result of the experiment for soil samples textural classes loam to clay loam leaded well compromise with result from pressure plate. However, significant deviation of soil water content has been detected as the  soil water suction exceeded 15,000hPa. Deviation of measured water content increased with the reducing water content up to 0.300cm3.cm-3. Implication of this result showed a further finer standardization assesing water tension above 10.000hPa is needed.
Population of Rhizobium bacteria in the soil at several plant from Buton island, Muna regency, Southeast Sulawesi Purwaningsih, Sri
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.65-70

Abstract

The research was conducted in order to know population of Rhizobium bacteria in the soil at several plant from Buton island, Muna regency, Southeast Sulawesi. The purpose of the study was to get the population data and pure cultures of Rhizobium bacteria.Rhizobium bacteria were isolated from 13 sample from rhizosphere of fruit plant, 14 sample soil from rhizosphere of yield plant, 5 sample soil from rhizosphere of horticulture plant, and 8 sample soil from forest plant. Isolation was done in standard medium Yeast Extract Mannitol Agar (YEMA), the inculation at (27-280C), and the population with plate count methods. The growth characteristic of strain was observed by using YEMA medium mixed respectively with Brom Thymol Blue and Congo Red as indicators.The population of Rhizobium bacteria was in the range of 7-115 X 105 CFU/g soil, and the highest population was found from the sample soil from rhizosphere with Ipomea batatas plant. Fourty nine gave of pure culture, thirty five isolates can be grouped as fast growing, while fourteen can be grouped as slow growing.
Pemanfaatan Bakteri Selulolitik dan Xilanolitik yang Potensial untuk Dekomposisi Jerami Padi Nur, Hasrul Satria; Meryandini, Anja; Hamim, .
JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS Vol. 14 No. 1: January 2009
Publisher : UNIVERSITY OF LAMPUNG

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5400/jts.2009.v14i1.71-80

Abstract

There were 3 prospective isolates of cellulolytic bacteria resulted from the total of 31 isolates we found, i.e. C4-4, C5-1, and C11-1.  Four combinations of bacteria including C4-4 + Xilanolytic (A), C5-1 + Xilanolytic (B), C11-1 + Xilanolytic (C), 45I-3 + 234P-16 (D), and control (E, without bacteria) were applied as inoculant of rice straw decomposition.  In the incubation period the pH-H2O value of C4-4 + Xilanolytic (A) and C5-1 + Xilanolytic (B) was relatively stable.  The C/N ratio of all treatments decreased after 3 weeks of incubation.  The C/N ratio value of A, B, C, D and E treatments were 22.48, 23.43, 27.49, 26.82, and 29.53 respectively.  Decomposition rate all of combination treatments were faster than the control.  The content of macro-micro nutrient of A, B, C, and D treatments increased in the end of measurement, while the control didn’t.  The physical characteristic of substrate after incubation was better in A and B treatments that others.  The result indicated that the combination of C4-4 + Xilanolytic (A) and C5-1 + Xilanolytic (B) bacteria were the best combination for decomposition of rice straw. 

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