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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics (IJAL)
Published by Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia
ISSN : 23019468     EISSN : 25026747     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media
A Journal of First and Second Language Teaching and Learning
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 12 Documents
 1   2 
Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014" : 12 Documents clear
THE ENGLISH SCANNING SKILLS OF BILINGUAL AND MONOLINGUAL INDONESIAN STUDENTS da Silva, anna Marietta
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.268

Abstract

Abstract: Studying the reading competence of Indonesian EFL within the framework of bilingualism can be challenging for language researchers. That may be because the area has not yet deeply explored by Indonesian researchers, while Indonesia provides a vast array of data due to its diverse linguistic background. The present small study investigates the English scanning skills of forty-three Indonesian EFL primary level students. Forty nine percent of the subjects are monolinguals, i.e. they use only Indonesian both at home and school. The rest are bilinguals: they use Indonesian and local languages interchangeably at home. The result of the study shows that in general the Indonesian monolinguals have a better performance in comparison to their bilingual counterparts.  Keywords: bilingualism, scanning skills, reading comprehension  KETERAMPILAN MELAKUKAN SCANNING DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS PARA SISWA INDONESIA BERDWIBAHASA DAN BEREKABAHASA Abstrak: Kemampuan membaca dalam Bahasa Inggris dari para siswa Indonesia dalam kerangka kedwibahasaan cukup menantang untuk diteliti oleh para peneliti bahasa. Hal tersebut terjadi karena masih kurang didalaminya bidang penelitian kedwibahasaan di Indonesia, terutama yang berkaitan dengan kompetensi berbahasa Inggris. Padahal, Indonesia dengan latar belakang linguistik yang begitu beragam merupakan lahan subur untuk penelitian di bidang tersebut. Penelitian kecil ini berfokus pada kemampuan scanning dalam Bahasa Inggris dari empatpuluh tiga siswa sekolah dasar. Empat puluh sembilan persen dari subyek penelitian ini berbahasa tunggal, yaitu Bahasa Indonesia di rumah dan di sekolah, dan sisanya berbahasa Indonesia di sekolah dan berbahasa daerah di rumahnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa secara umum hasil tes kemampuan scanning siswa yang hanya berbahasa Indonesia mengungguli siswa yang berdwibahasa. Katakunci: kedwibahasaan, scanning, pemahaman bacaan
ACCOMPLISHING COHERENCE IN TALK SHOWS: A COMPARISON BETWEEN ENGLISH AND INDONESIAN Shanti, Yana
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.276

Abstract

Abstract: This paper tried to show how conversational coherence is achieved within talk shows, what strategies used by both host and interviewee to achieve coherence collaboratively. It was shown that in both English and Indonesian talk shows, conversational activity of asking questions can be employed to measure a coherence of a stretch of conversation. Question-answer adjacency pairs can provide the framework through which coherence is achieved, and they have two possibilities to be agreed or disagreed with. This is clear from the English talk show instead of the Indonesian one. The way speakers taking turn and the occurrence of overlap within the sequence of conversation can also determine mutual understanding among the participants. However, the Indonesian talk show offers a longer answer pair compared with the English one. Both talk shows, in fact, share the similar indicators and use similar strategies in order to achieve coherence across the talk show sessions. Speaker’s hesitation is found more in the Indonesian talk show instead of the English one. Another marker of coherence, overlap onset, also occurs a lot in both talk shows. The way speakers (host and interviewee) maintain the topic throughout the talk supports the notion that mutual understanding is successfully achieved. Meanwhile, culture is considered not too influential in determining different ways of maintaining the flow of the talk. Both talk shows use similar patterns with no significant difference in terms of culture. They differ only in the level of conversational devices used which is related to language use instead of cultural background. Keywords: coherence, adjacency pairs, turn-taking, talk shows Abstrak: Studi ini mencoba menunjukkan bagaimana koherensi percakapan dicapai dalam talk show, strategi apa yang digunakan oleh pembawa acara serta tamu yang diwawancarai untuk mencapai koherensi secara kolaboratif. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa dalam talk show berbahasa Inggris maupun Indonesia, cara mengajukan pertanyaan dapat digunakan untuk mengukur koherensi dalam percakapan. Pasangan bersesuaian (adjacency pairs) dapat memberikan kerangka di mana koherensi dicapai, hal ini lebih jelas terlihat dalam talk show berbahasa Inggris. Cara mengambil giliran tutur dan terjadinya tumpang tindih dalam urutan percakapan juga dapat menentukan pemahaman di antara penutur. Dalam talk show berbahasa Indonesia, pemberian jawaban yang mengandung keragu-raguan lebih banyak ditemukan. Kedua talk show menunjukkan indikator yang sama dan menggunakan strategi yang sama untuk mencapai koherensi dalam sesi tanya jawab. Tumpang tindih kalimat (overlap onset), juga banyak ditemukan dalam kedua talk show. Cara pembawa acara dan tamu yang diwawancarai untuk mempertahankan topik pembicaraan menunjukkan bahwa saling pengertian berhasil dicapai. Sementara itu, kebudayaan dianggap tidak terlalu berpengaruh dalam menentukan perbedaancara dalam mempertahankan alur pembicaraan. Pada kedua talk show tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan dalam hal budaya. Mereka hanya berbeda dalam tingkat perangkat percakapan yang digunakan yang berkaitan dengan penggunaan bahasa bukan latar belakang budaya. Kata kunci: koherensi, pasangan bersesuaian, giliran tutur, talk shows
LET’S TALK AND TOLERATE: STRENGTHENING STUDENTS CULTURAL AWARENESS THROUGH LITERATURE CIRCLES Moecharam, Nicke Yunita; KartikaSari, Della Nuridah
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.662

Abstract

Abstract: Putting more attention on teaching language skills, the use of literature in EFL classrooms is often abandoned. While essentially, exploiting literary texts in some advanced EFL courses, serves a variety of purposes, dedicated to encourage interactive and communicative classes for language learners at different levels of proficiency. Literary texts often offer cultural explorations through the embedded cultural contexts in the stories. Indeed, exploring literary works provides an exercise in cultural relativity, so that students are more aware of the cultural differences presented in various contexts. Both teachers and students need to get involved in class discussions and activities which are created to support deep exploration of cultures in the texts. This paper reports on the use of literature circles in an advanced EFL classroom to reinforce students‘ cultural awareness through the examination of classic literatures as well as contemporary realist fiction. The two genres of literatures also bring about multicultural issues which are worth noting in an attempt of developing students‘ cutural awareness. In the research, it is further found that distributing students in small discussion groups has encouraged more ―talking‖ and improved students‘ written responses. In addition, teachers discovered that cultural values and attitudes are easily transferred through the characters in the literary works.Keywords: literature circles in EFL classroom, classic literatures, contemporary realist fictions.
ACCURACY ORDER OF THE GRAMMATICAL MORPHEMES IN THE ORAL PRODUCTION OF PRESCHOOL PUPILS Barrot, Jessie; de Leon, Kristine
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.269

Abstract

Abstract. There are numerous studies concerning the order of acquisition of grammatical morphemes; however, no paper to the knowledge of the authors has explored the accuracy order and acquisition of grammatical morphemes of Filipino children. The present study investigated the accuracy order of 14 English grammatical morphemes of Filipino preschool pupils. Specifically, this paper sought to determine the grammatical morphemes which have the highest and lowest accuracy level by Filipino preschool pupils. It also attempted to identify whether there is a relationship between the order of grammatical morpheme acquisition of Filipino preschool pupils compared to the order of grammatical morpheme wherein English is the first language and English is the second language. The participants involved in this study were 18 preschool pupils whose age ranges from three to five years old. These participants were divided into two clusters based on their linguistic and geographical background.   The findings revealed that plurality and progressive verbs posted the highest accuracy level while prepositions and past irregular verbs had the lowest level of accuracy. As regards the relationship between the order of acquisition, the results revealed that the present study posted a different order compared to Dulay and Burt’s (1973) and Brown’s (1973) studies through Kendall coefficient of concordance and Spearman Rank Order Correlation. Keywords: Accuracy order, L2 acquisition, order of acquisition, grammatical morphemes KEAKURATAN URUTAN MORFEM TATA BAHASA DALAM PRODUKSI LISAN SISWA PRA-SEKOLAHAbstrak: Ada banyak kajian mengenai urutan pemerolehan morfem-morfem tata bahasa, akan tetapi sepengetahuan penulis tidak ada makalah yang telah menggali keakuratan urutan dan pemerolehan morfem tata bahasa diantara anak-anak Filipina. Kajian ini menyelidiki keakuratan urutan dari empat belas morfem tata bahasa Inggris diantara siswa pra-sekolah Filipina. Khususnya, makalah ini berusaha untuk menentukan morfem-morfem tata bahasa yang memiliki tingkat keakuratan tertinggi dan terendah diantara siswa pra-sekolah Filipina. Kajian ini juga berusaha untuk melihat apakah ada hubungan antara urutan pemerolehan morfem tata bahasa para siswa pra-sekolah Filipina dengan urutan morfem tata bahasa dimana Inggris sebagai bahasa pertama dan kedua. Para peserta yang terlibat dalam kajian ini adalah 18 siswa pra-sekolah yang berumur antara tiga sampai lima tahun. Para peserta ini dibagi ke dalam dua kelompok berdasarkan latar belakang bahasa dan geografisnya. Temuan-temuan menunjukkan bahwa kata-kata kerja jamak dan progresif (sedang berlangsung) memiliki keakuratan paling tinggi, sementara kata depan dan kata-kata kerja tidak beraturan lampau memiliki keakuratan yang paling rendah. Mengenai hubungan antara urutan pemerolehan, hasilnya mengungkapkan bahwa kajian ini menunjukkan urutan yang berbeda dibanding dengan hasil kajian Dulay dan Burt (1973) serta Brown (1973) melalui koefisien keselaran (coefficient of concordance) Kendall dan Korelasi Urutan Ranking (Rank Order Correlation) Spearman. Katakunci: Keakuratan urutan, pemerolehan bahasa kedua, urutan pemerolehan, morfem tata bahasa
READING ALOUD STRATEGIES IN READING ENGLISH TEXTS Nurlaelawati, Iyen; Dzulqodah, Shofa
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.663

Abstract

Abstract: Reading aloud by a young language learner shows unique patterns as the evidence of his/her language data processing. This study, thus, explored the strategies applied by an Indonesian young language learner to read English written texts aloud to identify errors that actually bring certain benefits in her language learning process such as making intelligent guesses when she encountered unfamiliar words. It adopted qualitative case study design involving a seven-year old girl as the subject, who had been exposed to English four yearearlier.The data were gained through observing her reading and interviewing her after reading. The data from both techniques confirmed each other and provided in-depth data analysis.Next, the data were analyzed under the the framework synthesized from Littlewood (1984). The findings indicated that to read aloud the subject made use of three strategies among others: overgeneralization, transfer and simplification. This means that the subject employed her L2 oral proficiency and L1 reading ability to process the L2 data from reading. The study implies that educators need to pay moreattention on how children process the language data they gain and to povide appropriate learning environments in order to prepare them to be better readers, beside improving awareness in similarities and differences of L1 and L2.Keywords:young learner, reading strategies, read aloud
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN LANGUAGE LEARNING STYLE AND LANGUAGE LEARNING STRATEGIES Viriya, Chayata; Sapsirin, Sutthirak
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.270

Abstract

Abstract: This paper seeks to investigate the gender differences in language learning style and language learning strategies. The study used the perceptual learning-style preference questionnaire (PLSPQ) to investigate the learning style preferences and the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) version 7.0 designed by Oxford (1990) to find the learning strategy preferences of first year University students at the faculty of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Thailand. These were administered to 150 learners. The results indicate that gender does have effects on language learning style but there is no effect on language learning strategies. The implication of the results for language teachers and learners are also presented.Keywords: language learning style, language learning strategies, gender PERBEDAAN-PERBEDAAN GENDER DALAM GAYA BELAJAR BAHASA DAN STRATEGI-STRATEGI BELAJAR BAHASA  Abstrak: Makalah ini berusaha untuk menyelidiki perbedaan-perbedaan gender dalam gaya belajar bahasa dan strategi-strategi belajar bahasa. Kajian ini menggunakan angket pilihan gaya belajar perseptual (the perceptual learning-style preference questionnaire (PLSPQ)) untuk menyelidiki pilihan-pilihan gaya belajar dan Inventaris Strategi untuk Belajar Bahasa (the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL)) versi 7.0 yang dirancang oleh Oxford (1990) untuk menemukan pilihan-pilihan strategi belajar mahasiswa Universitas di Fakultas Teknologi Komunikasi dan Informasi. Angket-angket tersebut diberikan pada 150 pembelajar. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa gender memang memiliki pengaruh terhadap gaya belajar bahasa, tapi tidak berpengaruh pada strategi-strategi belajar bahasa. Implikasi dari hasil ini bagi para guru dan pembelajar bahasa juga dihadirkan.Kata kunci: Gaya belajar bahasa, strategi-strategi belajar bahasa, gender
A STUDY OF ASSERTIVENESS IN A DEBATE SETTING Yuyun, Ignasia
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.275

Abstract

Abstract: This article reports a study on the analysis of assertiveness of students’ argument in a private senior high school debating’s club. This study aims to identify the level of assertiveness of arguments in debating. The study employed mainly a qualitative method focusing on text analysis and involved a debating activity of senior high school students. World School Debating Championship style, Hallidayan’s mood and modality analysis, and the theory of assertiveness in verbal communication became the basis of the analysis. seven phenomena were analyzed in this study including mood type, mood adjunct (conjunctive adjunct), mood metaphor, modality type, modality value, orientation and manifestation of modality, and modality metaphor. This study reveals that the level of assertiveness in argumentation is measured through the total number of declarative mood, conjunctive adjunct, high value of modality, explicit subjective modality, and explicit subjective modality metaphor. The study also shows that the level of assertiveness relatively depends on how the students deliver their arguments. Therefore, the students might need a variety of ways in order to make their argument sound more assertive.  Keywords: argument, assertiveness, debate, mood, mood metaphor, modality, modality metaphor, senior highschool, systemic functional Abstrak: Artikel ini melaporkan sebuah penelitian tentang analisis asertivitas dari argumen siswa yang tergabung dalam kelompok debat di sebuah Sekolah Menengah Atasswasta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi tingkat asertivitas dari argumen pada kegiatan debat. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian studi kasus kualitatif yang berfokus pada analisis teks dan melibatkan aktifitas debat siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas. Data diperoleh dari hasil observasi kegiatan debat siswa yang direkam dan dianalisis menggunakan teori debat, teori asertivitas dalam komunikasi verbal, dan analisismood dan modality dari Halliday. Analisis teks tersebut meliputi mood type, mood adjunct (conjunctive adjunct), mood metaphor, modality type, modality value, orientation and manifestation of modality, dan modality metaphor. Hasil temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tingkat asertivitas dalam argumentasi diukur dengan jumlah total dari declarative mood, conjunctive adjunct, high value of modality, explicit subjective modality, dan explicit subjective modality metaphor. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa tingkat asertivitas dipengaruhi oleh cara siswa menyampaikan argumen dalam berdebat. Oleh karena itu, siswa membutuhkan cara yang beragam untuk membuat argumen mereka lebih asertif. Katakunci: argumen, asertivitas, debat, mood, modalitas,metafora modalitas
WILL COMMUNICATIVE LANGUAGE TEACHING WORK? TEACHERS’ PERCEPTIONS TOWARD THE NEW EDUCATIONAL REFORM IN SOUTH KOREA Lee, Moon Woo
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.265

Abstract

Abstract: This study examines how Korean elementary and secondary school teachers perceive the seventh national curriculum focusing on communicative language teaching. Thirty-seven participants were surveyed with a questionnaire designed grounded in Li (1998) and interviewed individually for about 15-20 minutes. The collected data was analyzed based upon Stake’s (2000) theme-based approach. The results showed that teachers’ perception onto CLT was very limited to speaking skills. The main issue concerning the teachers coming from different school levels was varied. Elementary school teachers were more concerned about enhancing students’ involvement, whereas secondary school teachers pointed out the difficulty of implementing CLT due to the heavy focus on the paper-and-pencil format of college entrance exam. In addition, novice teachers were more skeptical than experienced ones in terms of the feasibility of CLT in the actual classroom context, even though they were thought to be more familiar to the concept of CLT. This study is expected to provide us with an opportunity to revisit a decade-old concept of CLT in Korean context in more critical way. Keywords: communicative language teaching, curriculum, teachers’ perception, language policy AKANKAH PENGAJARAN BAHASA KOMUNIKATIF BERHASIL? PERSEPSI-PERSEPSI GURU TERHADAP REFORMASI PENDIDIKAN BARU DI KOREA SELATAN  Abstrak: Kajian ini meneliti bagaimana guru-guru sekolah dasar dan menengah Korea memahami kurikulum nasional ketujuh yang berfokus pada pengajaran bahasa komunikatif. Tiga puluh tujuh peserta dijajaki pendapatnya dengan sebuah angket  yang dirancang berdasarkan temuan Li (1998) dan diwawancara satu per satu selama sekitar 15-20 menit. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis berdasarkan pendekatan berbasis tema oleh Stake (2000). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa persepsi guru terhadap Pengajaran Bahasa komunikatif (Communicative Language Teaching/CLT) sangat terbatas pada keterampilan-keterampilan berbicara. Masalah utama yang berhubungan dengan latar belakang sekolah guru yang berbeda-beda sangat beragam. Guru-guru sekolah dasar lebih memperhatikan peningkatan keterlibatan siswa, sementara guru-guru sekolah menengah menyebutkan kesulitan penerapan CLT karena fokus yang sangat besar pada format ujian tertulis masuk universitas. Selain itu, para guru pemula lebih skeptis dibanding yang berpengalaman dalam hal keterlaksanaan CLT dalam konteks kelas yang sebenarnya, meskipun mereka dianggap lebih mengenal konsep CLT. Kajian ini diharapkan bisa memberikan kesempatan bagi kita untuk mengkaji ulang konsep CLT yang sudah berumur satu dekade dalam konteks Korea dengan lebih kritis.Katakunci: Pengajaran Bahasa komunikatif (CLT), kurikulum, persepsi guru, kebijakan bahasa
GENDER CONSTRUCTION IN VISUAL IMAGES IN TEXTBOOKS FOR PRIMARY SCHOOL STUDENTS Damayanti, Ika Lestari
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.272

Abstract

Abstract: In the Indonesian context, little has been done to raise awareness of political correctness in gender matters in school textbooks.  As an attempt to fill this gap, I conducted a textual analysis on four English language textbooks used in Indonesian primary schools.  The focus of the study was on the pictorial texts accompanying the linguistic ones.  The ‘Visual Grammar’, developed by Kress and van Leeuwen, was used as the framework of analysis. The results showed that the illustrations accompanying linguistic texts fortified the representations of gender asymmetry.  Females were depicted more dependent than males and were also construed to be admirers of an action carried out by the males. The study recommended conscious efforts to value both genders equally in visualization as meaning construction is multimodal. Keywords: gender construction, visual grammar, pictorial texts, EFL textbooks KONSTRUKSI GENDER DALAM CITRA VISUAL PADA BUKU TEKS UNTUK SISWA SEKOLAH DASAR Abstrak:Di Indonesia, upaya penyadaran pentingnya isu penyetaraan gender dalam buku ajar sekolah masih belum banyak dilakukan. Untuk itu, penelitian ini dilakukan sebagai salah satu cara penyadaran isu gender dengan menginvestigasi representasi gender dalam buku ajar. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis teks terhadap empat buku ajar yang digunakan di sekolah dasar. Fokus analisisnya adalah pada gambar ilustrasi yang menyertai teks tertulis seperti bagian bacaan. Gambar tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori ‘Visual Grammar’ yang dikembangkan oleh Kress dan van Leeuween. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa gambar-gambar tersebut merepresentasikan ketidaksetaraan gender. Perempuan digambarkan sebagai sosok yang tergantung pada orang lain dibandingkan laki-laki yang mandiri dan mereka berlaku sebagai pengagum pekerjaan yang dilakukan laki-laki. Berdasarkan hasil temuannya, penelitian ini merekomendasikan upaya yang lebih serius dalam menampilkan peran gender yang seimbang dan tidak hanya ditampilkan dalam teks tulis namun juga dalam gambar karena pada dasarnya makna dikonstruksi secara multimodal. Katakunci:konstruksi gender, visual grammar, teks gambar.
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT IN L2 CLASSROOM IN CHINA: THE CURRENT SITUATION, PREDICAMENT AND FUTURE Jian, Huang; Luo, Shaoqian
Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics Vol 3, No 2 (2014): Volume 3 No. 2 January 2014
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.17509/ijal.v3i2.266

Abstract

Abstract: With the reform of English education in China since 2001, formative assessment (FA) has found its way into the key educational policy documents such as National English Curriculum Standards for Basic Education (NECS for BE) (MoE, 2001 2011), National English Curriculum Standards for Senior High School (NECS for SHS) (MoE, 2003) and College English Curriculum Requirements (CECR) (MoE, 2004 2007) and therefore aroused the interests from both researchers and teachers. To understand FA development in China over the past 12 years, a synthesis study was conducted to analyze the current situation and predicament of FA in China based on the published FA articles in Chinese journals and educational newspapers from 2001 to 2012 and the published FA monographs and unpublished Ph.D.dissertations collected from various sources so far. The study shows FA is inadequately researched, poorly understood and improperly implemented in China. It is believed that the predicament of FA may be attributable to a variety of factors such as inadequate financial support, lack of quality research into various aspects of FA, imbalance of quality research focus, limited knowledge of the latest developments of FA, the shortage of L2-related FA research, the tension between FA and Summative Assessment (SA) in the dominant testing culture of China, the time-consuming nature of FA and lack of professional FA training. To solve these problems, by drawing on the local context and international experiences, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: (1) More financial investment supporting balanced quality research into important issues of FA; (2) Clarification of FA concept; (3)Study of FA in relation to underlying L2theories; (4)Promotion of student SA performance throughFA; (5) Development of ready-to-use FA; and (6) Strengthening professional development for FA. The context-based proposal for FA could provide a reference for other contexts similar to China, especially the Asian countries in terms of economical development and/or educational culture. Key words: formative assessment in China, context-based proposal, FA research 

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