Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (Buletin Teknik Elektro dan Informatika) ISSN: 2089-3191, e-ISSN: 2302-9285 is open to submission from scholars and experts in the wide areas of electrical, electronics, instrumentation, control, telecommunication and computer engineering from the global world. The journal publishes original papers in the field of electrical, computer and informatics engineering.
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Hajj pilgrimage video analytics using CNN
Md Roman Bhuiyan;
Junaidi Abdullah;
Noramiza Hashim;
Fahmid Al Farid;
Mohd Ali Samsudin;
Norra Abdullah;
Jia Uddin
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.2361
This paper advances video analytics with a focus on crowd analysis for Hajj and Umrah pilgrimages. In recent years, there has been an increased interest in the advancement of video analytics and visible surveillance to improve the safety and security of pilgrims during their stay in Makkah. It is mainly because Hajj is an entirely special event that involve hundreds of thousands of people being clustered in a small area. This paper proposed a convolutional neural network (CNN) system for performing multitude analysis, in particular for crowd counting. In addition, it also proposes a new algorithm for applications in Hajj and Umrah. We create a new dataset based on the Hajj pilgrimage scenario in order to address this challenge. The proposed algorithm outperforms the state-of-the-art approach with a significant reduction of the mean absolute error (MAE) result: 240.0 (177.5 improvement) and the mean square error (MSE) result: 260.5 (280.1 improvement) when used with the latest dataset (HAJJ-Crowd dataset). We present density map and prediction of traditional approach in our novel HAJJ-crowd dataset for the purpose of evaluation with our proposed method.
Analysing admission control for AODV and DSR routing protocol in mobile ad-hoc network
Folayo Aina;
Sufian Yousef;
Opeyemi Osanaiye
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.3171
The widespread deployment of mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) in the areas of agriculture, military defence, weather forecasting and disaster control has necessitated the implementation of admission control within a network for a guaranteed quality of service (QoS). Admission control organises traffic flows to ensure the network medium is fairly shared among various nodes in the network. Various admission control algorithms have been proposed in the literature, using different metrics and parameters to achieve different admission control quality. In this work, we propose an Admission control in mobile ad-hoc network routing (ACMANR) using both bandwidth capacity and resource estimation to achieve a good QoS. Furthermore, we analyse the behaviour of two well-known routing protocols in wireless network, ad hoc on-demand distance vector (AODV) and dynamic source routing (DSR), in our proposed admission control algorithm. Simulation results obtained from our proposed admission control algorithm using OPNET show that AODV routing protocol had a better throughput while DSR produced a better delay with lower overhead in MANET. Our proposed approach also shows better performance in terms of throughput and delay when compared with the state-of-the-art admission control routing using AODV and DSR.
The novel noise classification techniques found on quadruple threshold statistical detection filter under fix intensity impulse outlier environment
Vorapoj Patanavijit;
Kornkamol Thakulsukanant
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.3105
Because of the enormous necessity of contemporary noise suppressing algorithms, this article proposes the novel noise classification technique found on QTSD filter improved from the TTSD filter. The four thresholds for each auxiliary situations are incorporated into the proposed QTSD framework for dealing with the limitation of the earlier noise classification technique. The mathematical pattern is modeled by each photograph elements and is investigated in contradiction to the 1st threshold for analyzing whether it is non-noise or noise photograph elements. Subsequently, the calculated photograph element is analyzed with the contradiction between the 2nd threshold, which is modeled by using the normal distribution (mean and variance), and is analyzed with the contradiction between the 3rd threshold, which is modeled by using the quartile distribution (median). Finally, the calculated photograph element is investigated in contradiction to the 4th threshold, which is modeled from maximum or minimum value for analyzing whether it is non-noise or noise photograph elements FIIN. For performance evaluation, extensive noisy photographs are made up of nine photographs under FIIN environment distribution, which are synthesized for investigating the proposed noise classification techniques found on QTSD filter in the objective indicators (noise classification, non-noise classification and overall classification correctness). From these results, the proposed noise classification technique can outstandingly produce the higher correctness than the earlier noise classification techniques.
Optimal distributed generation placement using artificial intelligence for improving active radial distribution system
Fadhel A. Jumaa;
Omar Muhammed Neda;
Mustafa A. Mhawesh
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.2949
There are several profits of distributed generator (DG) units which are believed for improving the safety of the distribution power grids. However, these profits can be maximized by ensuring optimum sizing and positioning of DG units because an arbitrary location of DG units may adversely affect and jeopardize power grids which could contribute to maximising of power loss and degradation of the voltage profile. Therefore, several approaches were suggested to ensure optimum position and size of DGs. The primary aim of this article is for establishing technique for optimum scheduling and operating of DG to lessen power loss, revamp voltage profile and overall network reliability. Artificial intelligence method called particle swarm optimization (PSO) is utilized for finding the best site and size of DG to lessen power loss and boost the voltage profile. In this paper, IEEE 33 distribution system is utilized to display applicability of PSO. The results of the PSO are compared with the results gotten by other methods in the literature. Finally, the results show that the PSO is superior than the other methods.
Wide-band metamaterial perfect absorber through double arrow shape printed on a thin dielectric
Siti Adlina Md Ali;
Maisarah Abu;
Siti Normi Zabri;
Shipun Anuar Hamzah
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.3154
A wide-band metamaterial perfect absorber was introduced. The dual arrow shapes and the ground plane were in between the 0.0035λ TLY-3. Lump element technique was applied to enhance the absorption bandwidth, which was connected between both of the arrow structures. The limitation during fabrication process in using lump element, had seriously restricted its practical applications for microwave absorption. Then, a very thin line was connected between both arrow structures to represent the resistance by lump element which was expected to ease the fabrication process and practical applications as well. Four cases were analyzed: double arrow, double arrow with lump connected, double arrow with lump connected and 9 mm air gap, and thin line connected with 6 mm air gap. The fourth case achieved the highest operational absorbency frequency, which developed about 7.38 GHz (3.87 GHz to 11.25 GHz) approximately to 7.38 GHz. Three resonant frequencies were achieved; 4.17 GHz, 6.09 GHz and 10.30 GHz with perfect absorbency. These properties are expected to be used in practical applications such as satellite and radar communications transmission. These properties of the metamaterial absorber could increase the functionality of the metamaterial absorber to be used in any application especially in reducing radar cross section for stealth application.
An end-fire low profile patch antenna to work on WiMAX frequencies used for harvesting power supply
Anwer Sabah Mekki;
Siba Monther Yousif;
Bashar Mudhafar Ahmed;
Mustafa Mohammed Jawad
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.3166
In this paper, an end-fire microstrip patch antenna (MPA) is proposed of 3 GHz as a center frequency, designed, simulated, and measured to work on WiMAX frequencies within standard of 802.16e (WiMAX). A high gain ranged between (12.117-13.324) dB, high front to back ratio (F/B) of (35.770) at the center frequency, a wide band of 1.701 GHz, low profile, and semi-ideal voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) of 1.053 is achieved. The simulation is done using computer simulation technology (CST-MW). The proposed design is based on two Fire-retardant substrates (FR-4) of relative permittivity (ε) 4.3+j0.025 and 1.53 mm thickness for each one, which is considered a high loss material. The measurement results show good agreement with the simulated results. In addition, the design can be used for harvesting power supply from mobile towers. Finally, the proposed design is compared with two other designs in terms of power conversion efficiency and overall size.
Development of split ring resonator for pineapple moisture content detection
Anis Afrina Mohd Amirudin;
Noorsaliza Abdullah;
Ezri Mohd
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.2828
Microwave resonant is one of the sensors used in characterizing the material and is also one of the most sensitive sensors for measuring dielectric properties. This project proposed the resonant method due to its accuracy and sensitivity. The split ring resonators were mounted on the fruit sample surface to observe the resonant frequency behavior, and to measure the fruit freshness. The resonator was set at 6 GHz using the FR4 lossy substrate. The findings show that the coupling distance and the ring radius have the greatest impact on preserving the resonant behavior. The fundamental of the obtained resonant frequencies was observed based on the different moisture content of the test material. The moisture level was observed at 38.2%, 54%, 69%, and 86.7%. At 86.7%, the resonant frequency has the highest shifting by shifting to the left. This shows that the larger resonant frequency change occurs when the water content is higher.
Harmonics resonance elimination technique using active static compensation circuit
Rakan Khalil Antar;
Mohammed Y. Suliman;
Asef A. Saleh
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.3148
The existence of nonlinear loads produces high distortion and low power factor in the power system that leads to get poor power quality. Resonance problem is occurred due to the power system inductances and the compensation capacitors which increases the harmonic distortion. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the action of resonance even if conventional or modern methods are built to improve the power system quality. In this paper, active static compensation circuit is proposed and designed to have the features of improving power factor, reducing THD, and eliminating the harmonics resonance effect at the same time with different linear and nonlinear load conditions. These features have been performed based on a modified pulse width modulation technique to drive and control the proposed circuit. The originality designed point of this technique is to have ability to operate the active static compensation circuit as harmonics injector, power factor corrector and resonance eliminator at the same time. Simulation model results illustrate that the proposed circuit is effective for both steady-state and transient operations conditions. The THD of the supply voltage and current at firing angle (α=300) is reduced by 99% and 98.8% respectively. While the power factor is improved to stay around unity.
Starting of induction motor fed with stand-alone DFIG
M. Sharawy;
Adel A. Shaltout;
Naser Abdel- Rahim;
Mahmoud A. Al-Ahmar;
O. E. M. Youssef
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.3161
This paper presents dynamic simulation and control of stand-alone doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) loaded with 3-phase induction motors (IMs). The study reveals that direct on-line starting of large IMs causes a large voltage sag across the generator terminals as the starting current drawn reaches up to 8-9 times the rated load current. Traditionally, this problem has tackled by oversizing of the generator or employment of special starters, under the pretext of mitigating voltage sag. This work explores ways that the starting current can be reduced economically by applying constant V/f control side by side with indirect field-oriented control (FOC) applied on the rotor side converter of the DFIG. This methodology enables starting of larger IMs and mitigation of voltage sag that occurs during the start-up period. Two different rating of IMs loaded with speed-squared mechanical torque are mainly considered. Simulation results of the system behavior under study confirm the capability of the proposed control.
Efficient incremental data backup of unison synchronize approach
Prakai Nadee;
Preecha Somwang
Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics Vol 10, No 5: October 2021
Publisher : Institute of Advanced Engineering and Science
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DOI: 10.11591/eei.v10i5.2212
Data communication and computer networks have enormously grown in every aspect of businesses. Computer networks are being used to offer instantaneous access to information in online libraries around the world. The popularity and importance of data communication has produced a strong demand in all sectors job for people with more computer networking expertise. Companies need workers to plan, use and manage the database system aspects of security. The security policy must apply data stored in a computer system as well as information transfer a network. This paper aimed to define computer data backup policies of the Incremental backup by using Unison synchronization as a file-synchronization tool and load balancing file synchronization management (LFSM) for traffic management. The policy is to be able to perform a full backup only at first as a one time from obtaining a copy of the data. The easiest aspect of value to assess is replacement for restoring the data from changes only and processing the correct information. As a result, the new synchronization technique was able to improve the performance of data backup and computer security system.