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Cropsaver : Journal of Plant Protection

cropsaver
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Published by Universitas Padjadjaran

ISSN : - EISSN : 26215756 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science,

Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

The objective of the CROPSAVER Journal is to present articles containing interesting and strategic issues. This journal discusses the discussion of articles with discussion rooms in the fields of plant pests and diseases, technology for pest control, taxonomy, insect physiology, biological insects, toxicology of pesticides, settlement pests that help research, research and research.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 1, No 2 (2018)" : 8 Documents clear

Toxicity of Methanolic Seed Extract of Barringtonia asiatica L. (Kurz) (Lecythidaceae) from Different Place in Indonesia Against Spodotera litura F (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Danar Dono; Irpan Permana
CROPSAVER Vol 1, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

One of the potential plants to be developed as insecticide is Barringtonia asiatica (Lecythidaceae). Phytochemicals of the same species plant is different in different place and time. This research was conducted to determine toxicity methanolic seed extract of Barringtonia asiatica from different field in Java i.e. Pangandaran, Sindangkerta, Bandung, Jatinangor, and Yogyakarta against Spodoptera litura. The evaluation of toxicity was carried out using feeding method. The result indicated that seed extract of B. asiatica showed value of toxicity from higher to lower were extract of B.asiatica from Pangandaran, Jatinangor, Sindangkerta, Bandung, and Yogyakarta respectively. The extract of B. asiatica showed rendement from higer to lower were extract of B.asiatica from Pangandaran (37.8%), Sindangkerta (36.1%), Yogyakarta (29.3%), Bandung (26.5%) and Jatinagor (25.8%). Methanolic seed extract of B.asiatica from Pangandaran showed the highest toxicity and rendement compared from the other place, with LC at 0.53%. In addition of toxic property, the extract of B. asiatica seed decreased of 50 leaf consumption and pupal weight and lenghtened development time of tested larvae. Keywords: Biology, extract, toxicity, Barringtonia asiatica, Spodoptera litura

Effect of Neem Oil Formulation on the Population of Soil Fungi and Disease Intencity of Cercospora Leaf Spot (Cercospora capsici) on Chilli Plants (Capsicum annuum) Sri Hartati; Danar Dono; Rika Meliansyah; Mukhamad Agung Yusuf
CROPSAVER Vol 1, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Soil fungi and cercospora leaf spot are soil inhabitants and plant disease, respectively, that usually occur on chilli grown area. Formulation of neem oil was reported to have a role as an environmentally friendly botanical pesticide. This research was objected to studying the effect of neem oil formulation on the population of soil fungi and its suppression on cercospora leaf spot intensity of chilli crop. The field experiment was arranged in the randomized complete block design. The treatments were the concentration of neem oil formulation, i.e. 0%, 1%, 1.25%, 1.50%, 1.75%, and 2.0%. In vitro experiment on the suppression of neem oil formulation on the predominant soil, fungi were arranged in the completely randomized design. The results showed that neem oil formulation did not affect the soil fungi population and cercospora leaf spot intensity. However,2.0% neem oil had the lowest soil population. Neem oil formulation at 1.75% caused the highest suppression on TMa01 isolate (49.81%), and 1.25%, 1.50%, 1.75% and 2.0% of neem oil formulation caused more than 50% suppression on TMf01 isolate in vitro. Neem oil formulation at 2.0% caused the highest suppression on cercospora leaf spot intensity (46.34%).Keywords: Azadirachta indica, botanical pesticide, neem oil

Bioactivity Fraction of Methanolic Seed Extract of Barringtonia asiatica L. (Kurz.) (Lecythidaceae) Against Spodoptera litura F. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Teddy Budiyansyah; Danar Dono; Rika Meliansyah; Unang Supratman
CROPSAVER Vol 1, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Water seed extract of Barringtonia asiatica was used as fish poison by traditional community. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of methanolic seed extract fraction of B. asiatica against S. litura. The extract tested was spread evenly on the leaf surface by using microsyringe. The experiment consisted of 12 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments were concentration of 0.3% and 0.1% of fraction 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 of methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica, and concentration of 0.264% methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica; and control. The results showed that the fraction 19 (20% EtOAc and 80% MeOH eluent) of methanol extract of B. asiatica seed has the highest bioactivity against the larvae of S. litura. The fraction 19 of methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica had LC50 value of 0.182% at 12 days after treatment. In addition, the 19 fraction of methanolic seed extract of B. asiatica decreased food intake, weight and lengthened development time of larvae.Keywords : Barringtonia asiatica, bioactivity, fraction, Spodoptera litura.

Resistance Level of Crocidolomia pavonana Against Profenofos Synthetic Insecticide and its Susceptibility To Azadirachta Indica Seed Extract Danar Dono; Yogas Dwi Pratiwi; Safri Ishmayana; Djoko Prijono
CROPSAVER Vol 1, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

This research was conducted to know resistance level of Crocidolomia pavonana to a profenofos synthetic insecticide and to know susceptibility of C. pavonana to Azadirachta indica seed extract. The experiment using two bioassay methods, dry film method and feeding method. Field population of C. pavonana obtained from 3 villages in Lembang district i.e.Cibogo, Cikole and Kayu Ambon village. The standard insect has been maintenance more than 20 generations in the laboratory as a comparison. The result of the experiment indicated that population of C. pavonana form Cikole, Cibogo and Kayu Ambon village were resistant to profenofos insecticide with resistance ratio (RR) was low (1< RR ≤ 5). Resistance Ratio of C. pavonana from the third village were 4.69 and 4.83; 1.02 and 1.1 and 1.16 and 1.9 respectively (dry film and feeding method). The value of the resistance ratio was greater through the feeding assay compared to the contact assay. This indicated that the mechanism of C. pavonana resistance was likely to occur mainly in the digestive tract of insects. Enzime activity of the different sample population of C. pavonana indicated variation in their activity. This was indicated that every sample from different field could develop different mechanism of resistance. The toxicity study of A. indica seed extract to C. pavonana indicate that the field population of C. pavonana from the third village was susceptible to seed extract of A.indica with value RR of less than one point. Therefore seed extract of A. indica could be used as alternative control against C. pavonana which resistant to profenofos synthetic insecticide.Keywords: Resistance mechanism, Resistance ratio, Synthetic insecticide, Botanical insecticide

Bioactivity of Crude Extract of Cashew Nut Shell (Anacardium occidentale L.) against Cabbage Head Caterpillar (Crocidolomia pavonana F.) Mia Sukma Dewi; Danar Dono; Sri Hartati
CROPSAVER Vol 1, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

The crude extract of Anacardium occidentale was reported to have insektisidal activity against Cricula trifenestrata (Lepidoptera). Althought, the extract has not been tested against Crocidolomia pavonana (Lepidoptera). A research was carried out to test the effect of cashew nut shell extract on larvae and fecundity of adult female of C. pavonana. Toxicity of the extract tested by using feeding method to the larvae. The experiment arranged in the complete randomized design (CRD), consisted of 7 treatments and 3 repetitions. The treatments were the concentration of the extract i.e. 0.8%, 0.6%, 0.4%, 0.2%, 0.1%, and 0.05%. The same treatment methode was used to test the fecundity of C. pavonana female that developed from larval treated extract at concentrations of 0.16 % (LC30), 0.30 % (LC50), 0.45 % (LC70), and control. The results of the experiment showed that the extract of A. occidentale was toxic to larvae of C. pavonana with LC50 values of 0.30 % at six days after application. The extract of A. occidentale have an antifeedant effect and lengthened the development time of the larvae. The concentration range 0.16 % - 0.45 % reduced the weight of pupa, lengthened emergence time of adult, slowed down the first oviposition, reduced the egg production, shortened the life span of adult female and male, shortened the periode of oviposition of adult female, and decreased the fertility. Keywords: Crude extract of Anacardium occidentale, Crocidolomia pavonana, toxicity, fecundity

Susceptibility of Brown Planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) from Cipunagara and Banyuwangi Population to Neem Oil Formulation Neneng Sri Widayani; Danar Dono; Yusup Hidayat
CROPSAVER Vol 1, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Brown Planthopper is one of the pests that cause problems in rice production. This study was conducted to know the tendency of using a kind of insecticide and to examined the susceptibility of brown planthopper from field population (Cipunagara, West Java) compared to standard population (Banyuwangi, East Java) to formulation insecticide of neem oil 50 EC. Observations wereconducted on Cipunagara farmers to find out the kind of insecticide used and the number of insecticide applications in one season. the susceptibility test to neem oil 50 EC formulation was conducted by root dipping method. Brown planthopper was feed on treated plant for two days and then the next day the Brown Planthopper was fed on rice plant without treatment until the eighth day. Test insects used are brown planthopper instar 4th. Observations of insect mortality test for ten days with an interval of every 24-hour observation. Susceptibility values for neem oil insecticide formulations were determined based on the resistance ratio (RR) by comparing the LC50 value of the field population and standard population. Result of the observations showed that the farmers in the Padamulya village, Cipunagara district generally using synthetic insecticides to control of this pest. The active ingredient of most mentioned was imidacloprid with a lot of different applications. The result of examination of insecticide formulation of neem oil 50 EC using the root dipping method showed that a slow death trend and the highest mortality at eight days after application. The LC50 value of neem oil 50 EC insecticide against brown planthopper in the field population (Cipunagara) was 0.36% and RR 0.98. The result indicated that brown planthopper origin from Cipunagara was still susceptible to neem oil 50 EC insecticide formulation.Keyword: Neem oil formulation, Susceptilbility, Resistance ratio, Brown Planthopper

The Potential and Application Frequency of Yeast from Tomato and Cogon Grass Leaves to Suppress Powdery Mildew Disease in Tomato Noor Istifadah; Nurul Ihsani; Sri Hartati
CROPSAVER Vol 1, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Powdery mildew (Oidium sp.) is important disease in the greenhouse tomato production. One of environmentally-friendly control method of the disease is biological control. Yeast from phyloplane of weeds such as cogon grass are potential as biocontrol agents. This study evaluated the potential of yeast isolated from the leaves of cogon grass and wild tomato to suppress powdery mildew of tomato. The samples were obtained from several areas in Sumedang and Bandung, West Java. The yeast isolates were selected on their abilities in controlling powdery mildew in tomato seedlings. The selected isolates were used for further experiment examining the effects of frequency of yeast application on the disease control. This experiment was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design with 12 treatments and three replications. The treatments were three yeast isolates, applied once before pathogen inoculation, applied regularly every week or two weeks, the check and fungicide treatment. The results showed that among 13 yeast isolates obtained there were three isolates that suppressedthe development of powdery mildew disease by 61.0%- 68.6%. In further experiment, relatively highest disease reduction (58,6%) was showed in the application of yeast isolate from wild tomato leaves (TB1 isolate) every week.Keywords : biological control, phyloplane, Oidium sp., wild tomato

The potential of Spent Substrate of Oyster (Pleurotus ostreatus) dan Shiitake (Lentinula edodes) Mushrooms to Control Damping-off Disease (Rhizoctonia solani) in Tomato Lia Herawati; Noor Istifadah
CROPSAVER Vol 1, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

Spent mushroom substrates are potential for controlling plant diseases. This study examined the abilities of spent substrates of Shiitake (L. edodes) and Oyster (P. ostreatus) mushrooms to inhibit the growth of R. solani in vitro and control damping-off disease in tomato seedling. The in vitro experiment examined the abilities of water extract of spent mushroom substrate non-sterile and sterile to inhibit the pathogen using poisonous food method. In the nursery experiment, substrates were mixed with the planting medium, 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3 (v/v). The result showed that the water extract of spent substrates of L. edodes and P. ostreatus inhibited the growth of R. solani by 29.1% – 40.6%. Non sterile water extract of spent substrate of P. osteratus showed highest inhibition level (40%). In tomato nursery, mixing spent substrates of L. edodes or P. ostreatus with planting medium 1:2, and 1:3 (v/v) inhibited damping-off disease in tomato seedling by 57.5% - 100%. Application of P. ostreatus spent substrate in the planting medium, 1:2 and 1:3 (v/v) resulted in 100% inhibition of the disease.Key words: tomato seedlings, water extract, spent mushroom substrate, in vitro

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