Althea Medical Journal
Althea Medical Journal (AMJ) is a peer reviewed electronic scientific publication journal which is published every 3 months (March, June, September, and December). Althea Medical Journal publishes articles related to research in biomedical sciences, clinical medicine, family-community medicine, and public health.
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<![CDATA[Comorbidities of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients at Respirology and Critical Care Outpatient Clinic Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia ]]>
<![CDATA[Suhendro, Adrian Sebastian]]>;
<![CDATA[Santoso, Prayudi]]>;
<![CDATA[Riswari, Silvita Fitri]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Althea Medical Journal ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic disease that becomes one of the leading causes of death in the world. The COPD is usually accompanied by comorbidities that impact prognosis and increase patientsâ expenses. However, the comorbidities of COPD patients have not yet to be known in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia. This study was aimed to determine the frequency, type and number of comorbidities accompanying COPD.Methods: This study was a retrospective, cross-sectional study at the respirology and critical care outpatient clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia in 2012. Data were obtained from medical records of patients diagnosed with COPD and had an obstructive pulmonary function test result. Sampling technique in this study was total sampling. Data were classified by age, gender, smoking history and severity of disease and were analyzed to determine the frequency, type and number of comorbidities accompanying COPD. Results: Thirty eight COPD patients with obstructive pulmonary function test results were analyzed. It consists of 31 males and 7 females with age ranged between 43â82 years and median age of 64 years. Severe obstruction was found in 15 of 38 patients. Comorbidities were found in 26 patients, and 2 patients had up to four comorbidities. The most common comorbidity was hypertension (9 of 38).Conclusions: The majority of COPD patients had comorbidities and the most frequent comorbidity was hypertension. [AMJ. 2017;4(1):30â5]DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1016]]>
<![CDATA[Characteristics of Malignant Eyelid Basal Cell Carcinoma in Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung from 2013 to 2015 ]]>
<![CDATA[Hui, Yee She]]>;
<![CDATA[Kartiwa, Raden Angga]]>;
<![CDATA[Dwiwina, Resti Gradia]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) has been proved to have the highest incidence among eyelid malignancies. Basal cell carcinoma is the most common invasive cancer in humans. It is capable of causing extensive tissue destruction. The aim of the study was to identify the characteristics of adult patients with malignant eyelid BCC in Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung.Methods: A descriptive retrospective study was conducted to determine the characteristics of adult patients with malignant eyelid BCC in Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung from March 2013 to October 2015. Age and sex distribution of the lesions, location and histopathological results of the tumors were stratified as variables. The inclusion criteria were patients over age of 20, histopathologically diagnosed with periocular BCC. Results: A total of 37 cases histopathologically diagnosed with periocular BCC were evaluated. Females had a slight predominance. The mean age was 61.7 years. The most common site was on the lower lid. The tumors occurred more on the left side. The most common histological subtype was represented by solid growth pattern.Conclusions: The majority of periocular BCC cases occur in females and elderly. Most tumors develop on the lower lid with a left-side preference and have a solid growth pattern histologically. [AMJ.2017;4(1):148â51]Â DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1037]]>
<![CDATA[Treatment Failure of Ampicillin to Children with Pneumonia at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung from 2014â2015 ]]>
<![CDATA[Suharno, Kania Devi]]>;
<![CDATA[Husen, Ike Rostikawati]]>;
<![CDATA[Sudarwati, Sri]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Pneumonia is one of the causes of death in infants in developing countries especially Indonesia. Appropriate treatment is needed to decrease mortality rate in children due to pneumonia. Ampicillin is one of first choices empirical antibiotic to children with severe pneumonia. The study was aimed to determine the failure rate of ampicillin in children with severe pneumonia.Methods: This study was a descriptive study which used medical records as source of data. Subjects were children aged 2â59 months with World Health Organization (WHO) defined with severe pneumonia and treated with intravenous ampicillin during January 2014 to July 2015 at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Samples were obtained using total sampling method while variables were analyzed using statistics software.Results: This study acquired 107 patients who met the inclusion criteria with 23.36% of them aged 2â11 months and 62.21% aged 12â23 months. Majority of subjects were male amounted as 63.55% while female occupied 36.45%. Treatment failure on the third day was 45.8% while 16.7% on the sixth day of therapy with majority failure due to existence of lower chest indrawing.Conclusions: Treatment failure on the third and sixth day of therapy still high that is characterized by the existence of lower chest indrawing as its main factor. [AMJ.2017;4(1):100â6]DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1029]]>
<![CDATA[Impact of Running Exercise Duration on Leg Muscle Strength among the people Joining Indorunners Bandung Community ]]>
<![CDATA[Sirait, Agaprita Eunike]]>;
<![CDATA[Pratiwi, Yuni S.]]>;
<![CDATA[Megawati, Ginna]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Indorunners Bandung is a community for runners that has a routine exercise schedule for running around the city of Bandung. Exercise, like running, if is conducted in an accurate duration may improve physical fitness. One of the aspects of physical fitness is leg muscles strength. Many people fail to fathom the importance of exercise duration, so, they fail to get the benefit. The aim of this study was to discover the impact of running exercise duration on leg muscles strength among the people joining Indorunners Bandung community.Methods: A comparative study was conducted to 41 people, 31 males and 10 females, of Indorunners Bandung community from September to November 2015. Each participant filled a questionnaire about his/her personal data, and then was grouped by his/her duration of exercise per week, which were 150 minutes/week, 150â299 minutes/week, and 300 minutes/week or more. The respondents were measured for their leg muscles strength. The data collected were analyzed using ANOVA test.Results: There was significant difference of lower extremities muscle strength both in men (p<0.001) and women (p=0.029). These results showed that there was a difference in leg muscles strength among the people joining Indorunners Bandung community with different exercise duration per week.Conclusions: There is a difference in leg muscles strength among the people joining Indorunners Bandung community with different exercise duration per week. [AMJ.2017;4(1):69â72]DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v4n1.672Â ]]>
<![CDATA[Peer Pressure and Smoking Behavior in Elementary School Students ]]>
<![CDATA[Subramaniam, Sinthura Vimalan]]>;
<![CDATA[Istiqomah, Arifah Nur]]>;
<![CDATA[Fadlyana, Eddy]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background:Adolescence is an important period in which many individuals are vulnerable to onset and progression of smoking. Peers are strongly associated with adolescent smoking initiation. This study is conducted to determine whether there is a relationship between peer pressure and smoking behavior in male elementary school students.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in October 2014. Respondents were male students from grade four and five from state elementary schools (SDN) in Jatinangor district who voluntarily followed the research procedure. The sampling method used in this study was two-stage cluster sampling. A validated questionnaire was provided after getting informed consent from the respondents. The data analysis was performed using chi-square test.Results: As much as 110 male subjects were included in the study. Data showed that 57 students (51.8%) which were more than half of the number of students ever smoked and 53 students never smoked. Out of 110 students, 69 students (62.7 %) experienced peer pressure and 41 students (37.3%) never experienced peer pressure. The result of chi-square test from the study showed that the p-value is 0.000.Conclusions: There is a relationship between peer pressure and smoking behavior in male elementary school students in Jatinangor district. [AMJ.2017;4(1):1â5]DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1012]]>
<![CDATA[Distribution of Skin Prick Test Results in Rhinitis Allergic Patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung ]]>
<![CDATA[Antares, Gama]]>;
<![CDATA[Dermawan, Arif]]>;
<![CDATA[Permata, Yenti]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Allergic Rhinitis (AR) is an inflammation condition in nasal mucous because of type 1 hypersensitivity. Skin prick test is one of the diagnostic tests to diagnose AR. Purpose of this study was to know the distribution of skin prick test in AR patients.Methods: This study used retrospective descriptive method as cross sectional design. This study was performed from 1 August to 31 October 2014. This study used medical record as secondary data at Department of OtorhinolaryngologyâHead and Neck Surgery of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. There were 175 cases which fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study. The data were then analyzed using computer program.Results: Forty seven cases were positive for house dust (26.8%), 127 cases were positive for dust mite (72.5%), 85 cases were positive for rice pollen (48.5%), 62 cases were positive for maize pollen (35.5%), 56 cases were positive for mixed fungi (32%), 100 cases were positive for cockroach (57.1%), 63 cases were positive for horse dander (36%), 50 cases were positive for cat dander (28.5%), 93 cases were positive for dog dander (53.1%), and 38 cases were positive for chicken feather (21.9%).Conclusions: The most aeroallergen making positive result in skin prick test is dust mite. [AMJ.2017;4(1):129â32]Â DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1033]]>
<![CDATA[Relationship between Socioeconomic Demographic Characteristics with Antibiotic Self-Medication in Community Dwelling Adults ]]>
<![CDATA[Aditya, Michael]]>;
<![CDATA[Istriati, Istriati]]>;
<![CDATA[Cahyani, Aih]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Infectious diseases escalation in developing countries especially in Indonesia lead to increasing use of antibiotics in the community. Self-medication with antibiotics may increase the risk of resistant bacteria and irrational use of antibiotics. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between socioeconomic -demographic characteristics with antibiotic self-medication. Methods: An analytical cross sectional study was conducted on people from Sayang Village in West Java Indonesia aged over 18 years and had experience in using antibiotics. A total of 146 respondents were selected as the sample of this study. A validated questionnaire was used to collect data. Data were analysed by using descriptive statistics and Chi-Square test to analyze the relationship between socioeconomic demographic characteristics with antibiotic self-medication.Results: Out of 146 questionnaires that were completed, 111 were female and 35 male respondents, 75 respondents had experience in using antibiotics without prescription. The survey showed significant relation between antibiotics use with monthly income (p=0,031) and source of income (p=0,009).Conclusions: The study confirms that there is relation between monthly income and source of income with antibiotic self-medication. [AMJ.2017;4(1):73â7]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1023]]>
<![CDATA[Histopathologic Distribution of Appendicitis at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, in 2012 ]]>
<![CDATA[Zhafira, Tara]]>;
<![CDATA[Yulianti, Herry]]>;
<![CDATA[Wastaman, Maman]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Appendicitis is a medical emergency and a common cause of emergency surgeries worldwide. Its frequency is varied based on many factors, including age and sex. Histopathologic examination is a gold standard for diagnosis, and complications like gangrene formation and perforation lead to high mortality and morbidity in almost all age groups. This study was conducted to describe the distribution pattern of appendicitis according to age, sex, and histopathologic type. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Pathology Anatomy, Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia, from AugustâOctober 2013. Secondary data were obtained from medical records of January 1st to December 31st, 2012. A total of 503 out of 516 cases were included to be reviewed. Age, sex, and histopathologic type from medical records were then evaluated. Any specific case and perforation were also noted.Results: Data showed the highest prevalence of appendicitis occurred in the 10- 19 age group (28.4%) and in the female group (52.3%). Acute appendicitis was more common than chronic appendicitis in both sexes and all age groups. Perforation rate was high (41.4%), and was more prevalent in male (54.9%) and in the 0â9 age group (65.7%).Conclusions: Appendicitis, both acute and chronic, is more distributed in the second decade, and is slightly more prevalent in females. Acute cases are more common than chronic. Perforation rate is significant and peaks in the first decade and in males. [AMJ.2017;4(1):36â41]DOI:Â 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1017]]>
<![CDATA[Perception of Mothers on Adequate Nutrition ]]>
<![CDATA[Valoo, Darshini]]>;
<![CDATA[Diana, Aly]]>;
<![CDATA[Gondodiputro, Sharon]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
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<![CDATA[Background: Malnutrition in children less than 5 years old persists around the world. In West Java and one of the districts of West Java (Sumedang), the prevalence of malnutrition is about 18.5% and 15.8% respectively. Numerous factors can lead to child malnutrition. Difficulties in availability, accessibility, acceptability and quality of food can be contributing factors. A good perception of mother on adequate nutrition can improve childrenâs nutritional status. This study was conducted to study the perception of mothers with children 2 to 5 years old on adequate nutrition. Methods: Most of the respondents had good perception on the aspect of adequate nutrition. Results showed perception on availability was 83.8%, physical accessibility was 97.1%, economical accessibility was 98.6%, information accessibility was 84.8% and acceptability was 81.0%. However, perception of respondents on good quality nutrition for the main meal and additional food was still poor. Moreover, there are taboos for eating shrimp and watermelon. Additionally, children were given snacks in large amount.Results: There was a strong correlation between mid-upper arm muscle area/size and muscular strength (correlation cooefficient 0.746). Moreover, the higher the Body Mass Index, the stronger the muscle strength was to some point. If the BMI was more than 25 kg/m2, this findings did not occurred. Conclusions: This study reveals that the perception of mothers on good quality food is poor regardless the good results on availibility, accesibility and acceptability. [AMJ.2017;4(1):87â93] DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1027]]>
<![CDATA[Impact of Comorbidity on Length of Stay of Hospitalized Pneumonia in Children ]]>
<![CDATA[Suardi, Adi Utomo]]>;
<![CDATA[Turbawati, Dewi Kartika]]>
<![CDATA[ Althea Medical Journal Vol 4, No 1 (2017) ]]>
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<![CDATA[ Background: The incidence of pneumonia in children under-five in West Java is high. The average length of stay (LOS) often exceeds the standards set by the Indonesia-Disease Related Group (INA-DRG) because of the comorbidities. It can cause financial loss for the hospital. This study was conducted to analyze the impact of comorbidity on LOS.Methods: Data was collected from medical records of 296 hospitalized pneumonia under-five children in the Department of Child Health Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in the period from JanuaryâDecember 2012 that consisted of patientâs identity, LOS, primary diagnosis, and comorbid diagnosis. Data was selected through inclusion and exclusion criteria and statistically analyzed using the chi-square and Spearman correlation test.Results: Out of 218 subjects, those who had major comorbidities and minor comorbidities was 79 (36.2%) and 39 (17.9%), respectively. The average LOS of those who had major and minor comorbidities was 8.33±8.252 days and 5.95±3.554 days, respectively. Congenital heart disease had the highest and most significant Risk Ratio (RR) with average LOS was 8.00±4.889 days with RR: 1.895 (95% CI:1.339â2.682, p=0.001).Conclusions: Subjects have higher average LOS than the LOS set by the INA-DRG. Congenital heart disease is the most common comorbidity and has the highest and the most significant risk ratio. [AMJ.2017;4(1):42â6]DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n1.1019]]>
