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INDONESIA
CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia
Published by Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
ISSN : 2355875X     EISSN : 23558776     DOI : 10.26555
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Energy
CHEMICA Jurnal Teknik Kimia ISSN, 2355-875X (print) 2355-8776 (online) is a journal that publishes manuscripts or scientific papers in Chemical Engineering. The scope of this journal covers chemical reaction techniques, separation, optimization, process control, process system engineering, waste treatment, food and material technology. Journals are published in print and online twice a year, in June and December by Chemical Engineering Program, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Universitas Ahmad Dahlan Yogyakarta.
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue " Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014" : 5 Documents clear
KINETIKA REAKSI ESTERIFIKASI MINYAK BIJI KAPUK PADA PEMBUATAN BIODIESEL Salamah, Siti
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

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Abstract

Biodiesel is one of the best solutions to overcomethe reduction of oil reserves by utilizing plant oils are converted into fuel.Kapok seed is one of the potential sources of raw materials that can be taken to be used as biodiesel. For the manufacture of biodiesel on a large scale is necessary to design the reactor, the reactor needs to design the data of reaction kinetics.This reaserch was conducted to determine the rate of reaction of biodiesel production. The process was  by making kapok seed oil and analyzed the content of FFA, if FFA <2 then the esterification process is done.150 ml oil inserted in three neck flask and heated to temperature of 50 °C with water bath.While waiting for heating, 57 ml of techinical methanol 96 % was mixed with 1.25 grams KOH p.a and stirred for 60 minutes, then either mixing the solution with the oil heated with a water bath. The reaction temperature was maintained  at 50oC with stirring speed of 600 rpm for 60 minutes. Inserting the solution into a separator funnel and left for 24 hours to form 2 layers.Separating the two layers.The top layer wasbiodiesel and the bottom layer was glycerol.Repeating step by step above with the variation of time  60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 minutes. For reaction temperature variable, the process carried out at temperatures 40 °C, 50 °C, 70 °C and 90 °C.The results of this reaserch were the water content of kapok seed is 4,07 % and FFA valuewas 4,8 % after lowered 1,56 %.Transesterification reaction conditions of oil and methanol mole ratio of 1 : 3, with the stirrer rotation speed of 600 rpm for 105 minutes and the reaction temperature of 90 °C gave the conversion of 0.916 mol (%).Transesterification reaction of kapok seed oil into biodiesel follows the first order reaction.The results of the analysis of biodiesel and the heat test, may indicate that it meets the criteria specified in the benchmark Indonesian Biodiesel Quality Standards (RSNI EB 020 551).
β-MnO2 ACTIVATION OF PEROXYMONOSULFATE FOR CATALYTIC PHENOL DEGRADATION IN AQUEOUS SOLUTIONS Saputra, Edy; Muhammad, Syaifullah; Sun, Hongqi; Ang, Ha-Ming; Tadé, Moses O.; Wang, Shaobin
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

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Abstract

β-MnO2 was prepared and used to activate peroxymonosulphate for degradation of aqueous phenol. The sample was characterized by N2 adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The catalyst is highly effective in heterogeneous activation of PMS to produce sulfate radicals for phenol degradation compared with homogeneous oxidatiom. β-MnO2 could completely remove phenol in 30 min at the conditions of 25 ppm phenol, 0.4 g/L catalyst, 2 g/L PMS, and 25 oC. A pseudo first order model would fit to phenol degradation kinetics and activation energy was obtained as 38.2 kJ/mol.
STUDI PENGENDALIAN PEMANAS PADA REAKTOR HIDROGENASI MINYAK NABATI MENJADI GREENDIESEL DENGAN JAKET PEMANAS Setyawan, Martomo
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

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Abstract

Greendiesel is the second generation of the biodiesel fuel. The advantages of greendiesel compare  with first generation of biodiesel are higher cetane number, no waste on the production and low CO2 emission. Greendiesel was made from vegetable oil with hydrogenation process at the high temperature and high pressure, this process has high risk to explode. This research was to study about heat transfer mechanism from electric heat source to the reactor with avoid explode, by to avoid hydrogen contact with high temperature above 500 OC.Heat transfer mechanism on the hydrogenation reactor was designed from electric heat source transferred to the oil heater and then to the reactor. At this research was studied effluence of the electric voltage  to the temperature of the heating oil and the water inside at the reactor.The Result of this research was show increasing voltage cause increasing speed of heating. At the all voltage increasing heating speed occur until 40 minutes as linier and after 40 minutes the heating speed decrease as logarithmic. By indirect heating by electric source contact between hydrogen and high temperature surface can be avoided.
EKSTRAKSI ABU KAYU DENGAN PELARUT AIR MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM BERTAHAP BANYAK BERALIRAN SILANG Santosa, Imam; Sulistiawati, Endah
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

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Abstract

As an agricultural country, Indonesia has natural resources are very abundant , one of which is wood . Wood ash from household and industrial waste has not been used , whereas according to Pitman high potassium content . The solubility of potassium carbonate in high water , so effective when extracted with water . However, high humidity in Indonesia drying wood for fuel so low that allegedly affect the quality of the ash obtained . In this research, the extraction of wood ashes with water using a solvent system gradually many wing cross .The experimental study was conducted in a university laboratory Ahmad Dahlan , Yogyakarta . The procedure used is the extraction of wood ash 200 , 300 and 400 grams with 1000 ml of solvent water for 5 minutes using a glass beaker , filtering with the aid of a vacuum pump , and acidi alkalimetri analysis using 0.1 N HCl residual solids by filtration and then in water kontakkan again and so do the same thing 5 times . Raw materials derived from wood ash combustion for drying of the wood cutting industry and water used in the form aquadestilata .Extract wood ash derived from the combustion for drying small normality sawmill industry . The results of the analysis can be made curve that describes the operating line and curve logarithmic form of the equation of equilibrium in the form of linear equations . Moreover, it can be made a graph illustrating a series of 5 stages of operation which is a combination of single phased extraction .
BIOGAS FROM SOLID WASTE OF TOFU PRODUCTION AND COW MANURE MIXTURE: COMPOSITION EFFECT Ni’mah, Lailan
CHEMICA: Jurnal Teknik Kimia Vol 1, No 1 (2014): Juni 2014
Publisher : Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

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Abstract

The demand of conventional energy (fossil fuel) is increasing as the human population growth. The fuel from petroleum is the energy source from fossil fuel which is un-renewable, the price is also tend to me more expensive due to the absence of demand and supply balance. The fuel crisis indicate that the fossil fuel belong to Indonesia is decreasing. The limited of fosil fuel lead to the need to the development of renewable energy and energy conservation. One of the alternative energy is biogas which can be produced from solid waste of tofu production (SWTP). Tofu production waste has high acidity so that it needs a buffer in biogas production. One of the buffer which can be utilized is cow manure.The experiment was done in a batch anaerobic reactor. As many as 800 ml of sample was  entered to the reactor with the capacity of 1 L, then incubated in an anaerobic condition in the room at the temperature of 25-30oC within 30 days. There are 8 variation apply in this research, they are KS:KT=100:0,75:25, 50:50,25:75 and 0:100 at VS of 3%, and KS:AT 50:50 at VS of 2%,4% and 5%. The measured parameter is the biogas volume, methane concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, the ratio of C vs N, total solid (TS) and volatile solid content (VS), volatile fatty acid (VFA), pH and temperature. The gas volume measurement was done every day using gasholder while methane concentration was measured by gas chromatography (GC).Research results shows that the composition of cow manure and SWTP at VS of 3% KS:AT = 50:50 shows the highest methane concentration. Optimal retention time to increase the production of biogas is start 14-28 days with the improvement methane concentration  is 68,98% at 21st day.

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