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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,648 Documents
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Aquatic versus land-based exercise for cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 27 No. 4 (2018): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i4.2107

Abstract

Background: Obesity with knee osteoarthritis (OA) is related to chronic pain causing physical inactivity that leads to decreased cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life. Aquatic and land-based exercises are effective in improving physical activity. The aim of this study is to compare between aquatic and land-based exercise to improve cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life in obese patients with knee osteoarthritis.Methods: A single-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted on thirty three obese patients with knee OA who visited Obesity Clinic of Medical Rehabilitation Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, from October 2016 to January 2017, subjects were divided into aquatic or land-based exercise group. Aerobic and knee-strengthening exercises were given. Cardiorespiratory endurance was assessed using the Borg Scale, whereas both the BORG CR-10 and SF-36 questionnaires were used to assess quality of life.Results: After intervention, there were significant improvements in the land-based exercise group in the rating of perceived exertion (p=0.02), role limitations due to physical health (p=0.024), role limitations due to emotional problems (p=0.041), energy/fatigue (p=0.016), and the decline in pain (p=0.049) parameters. While in the aquatic exercise, there were significant improvements in leg fatigue (p=0.016), energy/fatigue (p=0.025), emotional well-being (p<0.001), and general health (p=0.045) parameters. Despite this, there were no significant differences between two groups regarding cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life.Conclusion: This study found that patients could start aquatic exercise to reduce leg fatigue and enhanced general health and energy. After that, exercise could be continued in land-based settings to improve cardiorespiratory endurance and quality of life.
Science, research and technology in primary health care: Covering from neglected tropical diseases to personalized medicine
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 2 (2017): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v26i2.2108

Abstract

[no abstract available]
Aerobic exercise combined with environmental enrichment improves spatial memory and enhances neuroligin 1 expression: an animal study
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 28 No. 3 (2019): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v28i3.2109

Abstract

BACKGROUND Numerous studies have revealed that aerobic exercise (AE) or environmental enrichment (EE) exert positive effects on the molecular, cellular, and structural changes responsible for functional plasticity. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate whether the combination of AE and EE yields a greater effect on spatial memory and increases the expression of the adhesion molecule neuroligin 1 compared with either of the therapies alone. METHODS Twenty 6-month-old male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: (1) the control group (C), (2) the AE group, (3) the EE group, and (4) the AE-EE group. Escape latency in a Water-E-maze (WEM) task was used as a parameter to assess spatial memory function. Neuroligin 1 protein expression was examined via the immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique followed by IHC optical density (OD) score analysis of the CA1 hippocampal region. RESULTS Data acquired from the WEM task show that escape latency progressively decreased over time in all groups. However, animals in the AE-EE group required less time to complete the task compared with those in the control, AE, and EE groups. IHC OD scores revealed that the combination of AE and EE caused the highest expression of neuroligin 1 in the CA1 hippocampal region among the therapies studied. Statistical analysis indicated significant differences in OD score between the AE-EE and control, AE, and EE groups (p ≤ 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The combination of AE and EE rats increased neuroligin 1 expression and improved the spatial memory of male Wistar rats compared with application of either therapy alone.
Behind and beyond the gatekeepers' transformation
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 2 (2017): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v26i2.2130

Abstract

[no abstract available]
Relative hypoxia and oxidative stress in spleen lymphocytes of immunized Balb/c mice as indicated by HIF-1α, HIF-2α, Nrf2 expression, and glutathione peroxidase activity
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 27 No. 4 (2018): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i4.2152

Abstract

Background: Lymphocytes activated by immunization must increase their metabolism to meet the energy requirements for mitosis, differentiation, and protein synthesis, which may subject the cell to conditions of relative hypoxia and oxidative stress. This study was conducted to investigate the increase in the levels of transcription factors involved in both conditions.Methods: Male Balb/c mice were divided into the following four groups, each consisting of six animals: the control and three experimental groups. The experimental groups were immunized by injection of 0.2 ml of 2% sheep red blood cells (SRBC) suspended in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Lymphocytes were harvested from the spleens of each group at time intervals of 24-, 48-, and 72-h post-immunization. The buffy coat from splenocytes was separated using Ficoll Histopaque as the medium. The lymphocytes were separated from adherent cells by incubating the purified splenocytes in microtubes for 2-h. Cells were lysed by three freeze–thaw cycles (−80°C and 37°C) and used to analyze the levels of HIF-1α and HIF-2α (mRNA and protein), Nrf2 (protein), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity.Results: The treatment caused an increase in GPx activity and HIF-1α protein concentration 24-h post-immunization, whereas the HIF-1α mRNA levels remained static. Elevated Nrf2 protein levels were detected within 48-h after treatment. Meanwhile, the HIF-2α mRNA and protein levels increased within72-h after immunization.Conclusion: Immunization with SRBC suspension induced relative hypoxia, elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS), and oxidative stress in the lymphocytes as indicated by the increase in both HIF-1α and HIF-2α protein and mRNA levels, GPx activity, and Nrf2 protein levels.
Correlation between urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and systemic glycocalyx degradation in pediatric sepsis
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 27 No. 3 (2018): September
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i3.2156

Abstract

Background: Increased capillary permeability in sepsis is associated with several complications and worse outcomes. Glycocalyx degradation, marked by increased serum syndecan-1 levels, alters vascular permeability, which can manifest as albuminuria in the glomerulus. Therefore, elevated urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) potentially provides an index of systemic glycocalyx degradation. The aim of this study was to analyze the correlation between urinary ACR and serum syndecan-1 levels.Methods: A longitudinal prospective study with repeated cross-sectional design was conducted on children with sepsis in pediatric intensive care unit, we evaluated serum syndecan-1 levels and urinary ACR on days 1, 2, 3, and 7. A descriptive study on healthy children was also conducted to determine the reference value of syndecan-1 in children.Results: 49 subjects with sepsis were recruited. Based on the data of the healthy children group (n=30), syndecan-1 level of >90th percentile (41.42 ng/mL) was defined as systemic glycocalyx degradation. The correlation coefficients (r) between urinary ACR and syndecan-1 levels were 0.32 (p<0.001) from all examination days (162 specimens), 0.298 (p=0.038) on day 1, and 0.469 (p=0.002) on day 3. The area under the curve of urinary ACR and systemic glycocalyx degradation was 65.7% (95% CI 54.5%–77%; p=0.012). Urinary ACR ≥157.5 mg/g was determined as the cut-off point for glycocalyx degradation, with a sensitivity of 77.4% and a specificity of 48%.Conclusion: Urinary ACR showed a weak correlation with systemic glycocalyx degradation, indicating that the pathophysiology of elevated urinary ACR in sepsis is not merely related to glycocalyx degradation.
The production of SPusp45-MSP-119 gene construct and its recombinant protein in Lactococcus lactis to be used as a malaria vaccine
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 26 No. 4 (2017): December
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v26i4.2162

Abstract

Background: Merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP-1) is a major protein used by the Plasmodium during red blood cells invasion in malaria. MSP-119, one of MSP-1 is highly conserved, and it is a potential malaria vaccine candidate because the monoclonal antibodies are capable blocking erythrocyte invasion in vitro. The aim of this study was to produce MSP-119 gene construct and the recombinant protein in Lactococcus lactis. Methods: Usp45-MSP-119, derived from codon optimization and the synthetic gene, was inserted into the pMAT cloning vector. A vector expressing MSP-119 included usp45 has been constructed by the manipulation of recombinant DNA using restriction enzymes. The MSP-119 protein was expressed to 45% ammonium sulfate precipitation and purified using Sephadex-G50 gel filtration chromatography. The expressed protein was characterized by SDS-PAGE and dot blot. Results: usp45-MSP-119 gene was amplified using specific primers and inserted into the multiple cloning sites in the expression vector pNZ8148 with size 3,538 bp as a recombinant vector. The protein of MSP-119 was successfully expressed in L. lactis with molecular weight of 10.45 kDa. The dot blot was tested in 3 different comparisons between the host cells, non-induced cells, and induced cells with 10 ng/ml nisin. The results showed that 10 ng/ml nisin gave a positive reaction as detected by dot blot assay. Conclusion: This study confirmed that the usp45-MSP-119 gene was successfully inserted into the multiple cloning sites of the pNZ8148 expression vector and the MSP-119 protein expressed in the NICE system of the L. lactis host cell.
Antiviral effect of Archidendron pauciflorum leaves extract to hepatitis C virus: An in vitro study in JFH-1 strain
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 27 No. 1 (2018): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i1.2189

Abstract

Background: Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver diseases. Drug resistance to the regimen is also increasing. Hence, there is a need for new anti-HCV agents that are less toxic and more efficacious. The aim of this study is to evaluate the  possibility of A. pauciflorum extracts can be a antiviral drug.Methods: Huh-7it cells were infected with the HCV genotype 2a strain JFH-I in the presence of methanol extracts of Archidenron pauciflorum. The methanol extract further partition used n-hexane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water showed in which butanol extracts exerted the strongest IC50 (6.3 g/ml). Further, the butanol fraction was fractionated and yielded into 13 fractions.Results: The methanol extract of the leaves of A. pauciflorum exhibited concentration dependent inhibition against the JFH1 strain of HCV genotype 2a with an IC50 is 72.5 μg/ml. The butanol fraction exhibited the highest anti-HCV activity with an IC50 is 6.3 μg/ml. The butanol fraction was fractionated which yielded 13 fractions. Fractions 5 and 13 exhibited high anti-HCV activities with IC50 is 5.0 μg/ml and 8.5 μg/ml and a time-of-addition study demonstrated that fraction 5 inhibited viral infection at the post-entry step, whereas fraction 13 primarily inhibited the viral entry step.Conclusion: The extract A. pauciflorum can be used as a herbal-based antiviral drug.
Warning sign as a predictor of dengue infection severity in children
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 27 No. 2 (2018): June
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i2.2200

Abstract

Background: Dengue has emerged as a global public health problem, about 500,000 affected patients of 50–100 million cases will develop severe dengue infection. Therefore, early identification of severe dengue infection symptoms can save a patient’s life. The 2009 WHO dengue infection classification proposed seven warning signs to identify the risk of severe dengue. This study was conducted to predict the severity of dengue infection based on the number of warning signs. Methods: This was a diagnostic study conducted with a retrospective analytic observation of patients admitted to Adam Malik hospital with a diagnosis of dengue infection from January 2014-May 2016. The association between warning signs and severe dengue infection was analyzed using logistic regression. We also analyzed the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. Results: Of 140 patients who fulfilled the research criteria were collected from the medical records. The patients were classified as severe dengue (n=28) and nonsevere dengue (n =112). The warning signs that were associated with severe dengue were persistent vomiting (p<0.05, OR 31.9, 95%CI), fluid accumulation (p<0.05, OR 22.4, 95%CI), mucosal bleeding (p<0.05, OR 9.1, 95%CI), lethargy (p<0.05, OR 43.1, 95%CI). After analyzing the diagnostic tests, the combination of three or more warning signs showed that sensitivity of 92.9%, specificity of 78.6%, positive predictive value of 52%, negative predictive value of 97.7% was found to be associated with a severe dengue infection. Conclusion: The combination of three or more warning signs showed a high sensitivity and specificity for predicting a severe dengue infection.
Cardiac catheterization and percutaneus catheter in grown-up congenital heart diseases: single center experience at developing country
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 27 No. 1 (2018): March
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v27i1.2284

Abstract

Background: Grown-up congenital heart disease (GUCH) patients are unique and challenges especially at developing country. The numbers of diagnostic as well as interventional cardiac catheterization procedures in GUCH patients are growing. The aim of this study was to report the outcome of cardiac catheterization including intervention procedure in GUCH.Methods: The descriptive study was conducted at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia. All patients (age of more than 12 years) who underwent cardiac catheterization from 2011 until 2017 were included in this study. Patients, characteristic, types of catheter procedures, immediate complications, and outcomes were documented.Results: A total 54 subjects were included with median age of 23 years and 70% were female. The first symptom that brought patients to hospital is dyspnea 46% and palpitation 32%. Five subjects underwent a diagnostic catheter procedure and 49 (91%) diagnostic and catheter based interventions. Transcatheter interventions procedures included atrial septal defect (ASD) (success rate of 20 per 21), patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) (success rate of 16 per16), ventricular septal defect (VSD) (success rate of 9 per 9), pulmonal stenosis (PS) (success rate of 1 per 2), and aortic stenosis (AS) (success rate of 1 per 1). The complications encountered were transient dysrhythmias in 15 subjects, device embolization in 4 subjects, massive bleeding in 1 subject, and overall mortality in 2 subjects.Conclusion: The number of the catheterization interventions in GUCH was 91% and ASD device closure was the most common procedure. Transcatheter intervention has a high procedural success rates (96%) and low procedural-related complications.

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