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INDONESIA
Medical Journal of Indonesia
Published by Universitas Indonesia
ISSN : 08531773     EISSN : 22528083     DOI : 10.13181
Core Subject : Health,
Medicine & Pharmacology
This quarterly medical journal is an official scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with German-Indonesian Medical Association (DIGM) Indexed in: IMSEAR; CAB Abstracts; Global Health; HINARI; DOAJ; DRJI; Google Scholar; JournalTOCs; Ulrichsweb Global Serial Directory; WorldCat; New Jour; Electronic Journals Library; ISJD Accredited (2013-2018) by DIKTI Kemendikbud Republik Indonesia (No:58/DIKTI/Kep/2013)
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Articles 1,648 Documents
 66   67   68   69   70 
Effect of enhanced external counterpulsation therapy on myeloperoxidase in lowering cardiovascular events of patients with chronic heart failure
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2013): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.584

Abstract

Background: Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a slowly progressive disease with high morbidity and mortality; therefore, the management using pharmacological treatments frequently fails to improve outcome. Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP), a non-invasive treatment, may serve as alternative treatment for heart failure. This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of EECP on myeloperoxidase (MPO) as inflammatory marker as well as cardiac events outcome. Methods: This was an open randomized controlled clinical trial on 66 CHF patients visiting several cardiovascular clinics in Manado between January-December 2012. The subjects were randomly divided into two groups, i.e. the group who receive EECP therapy and those who did not receive EECP therapy with 33 patients in each group. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) as inflammatory marker was examined at baseline and after 6 months of observation. Cardiovascular events were observed as well after 6 months of observation. Unpaired t-test was use to analyze the difference of MPO between the two groups, and chi-square followed by calculation of relative risk were used for estimation of cardiovascular event outcomes. Results: MPO measurement at baseline and after 6 months in EECP group were 643.16 ± 239.40 pM and 422.31 ± 156.26 pM, respectively (p < 0.001). Whereas in non EECP group, the MPO values were 584.69 ± 281.40 pM and 517.64 ± 189.68 pM, repectively (p = 0.792). MPO reduction was observed in all patients of EECP group and in 13 patients (48%) of non-EECP group (p < 0.001). Cardiovascular events were observed in 7 (21.21%) and 15 (45.45%) of patients in EECP and non-EECP groups, respectively (p = 0.037). Conclusion: EECP therapy significantly decreased the level of MPO as inflammatory marker and this decrease was correlated with the reduction of cardiovascular events in CHF patients. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:152-60. doi: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.584)
Cortisol dynamics and endothelin-1/nitric oxide ratio are associated with clinical vasospasme
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2013): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.585

Abstract

Background: Cortisol dynamics in serum might be related to clinical vasospasm, also known as delayed ischemic neurological deficits (DIND). Two vasoactive substances that play a role in pathophysiology of DIND are endothelin-1 (ET1) and nitric oxide (NO), both are proved associated with cortisol. This study aimed to know how cortisol play a role on ET1/NO ratio and its relationship to DIND. Methods: This was a prospective cohort study for the first 14 days after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Patients with inclusion criteria will be enrolled for blood test before surgery, and post-operative day 2, 4, 7, and 10 (between 8:00-9:00 AM). The blood tests were performed for cortisol, ACTH, CBG, NO, and ET1. Free cortisol is calculated with Coolens equation. Logistic regression was used to see the interaction model and its scale. Bivariate analysis (corelation) was used to see the relationship between total cortisol, free cortisol, NO, ET1, and clinical vasospasm (DIND). Results: Forty-four patients are enrolled into this study (20 male; 24 females). Mean age is 52.02 years (52.02 ± 11.23). There were 29 patients (66%) within DIND group and 15 patients Non-DIND as the control group. The mean of cortisol level shown is significantly higher in DIND group (35.99 ± 14.24) µg/dL compared to Non-DIND group (19.57 ± 6.19) µg/dL, p < 0.001. The mean of free cortisol level was significantly higher in DIND group (2.06 ± 1.094) µg/dL compared to non-DIND group (0.838 ± 0.365 µg/dL; p < 0.001). The Scatter Plot graph show that correlation of cortisol with ET1/NO ratio started increasing on day 4 and became stronger on day 10. Conclusion: Cortisol is associated with DIND following aneurysmal SAH, probably through its role in keeping the balance between ET1 and NO level. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:161-6. doi: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.585)
Efficacy of Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen rind extract) to reduce acne severity
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2013): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.586

Abstract

Background: In vitro studies showed that extract of mangosteen rind (EMR) (Garcinia mangostana L.) containing xanthones has antibacterial effect against Propionibacterium acnes and also anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of EMR in reducing acne vulgaris (AV). Methods: A randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial was done on 94 subjects (18-30 years) with mild and moderate AV. The treatment group was given 400 mg EMR 3 times daily orally, for 3 weeks and control group was given placebo capsules. As a standard therapy, all subjects were given a topical cream of 0.025% retinoic acid applied on acne lesions during night time. Efficacy was assessed by counting the acne lesion number as well as proportion of subjects with more than 20% decrease in lesion. The decrease of plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were also measured. Results: After 3 weeks of treatment, acne lesion counts was significantly reduced in both groups [from 934 to 584 lesion (37%) in treatment group, p < 0.001 and from 832 to 608 lesion (27%) in control group, p < 0.001]. Comparison between the two groups revealed a non significant difference (p > 0.55). The proportion of subjects whose acne lesion reduced ≥ 20% was 73% (33 of 45 subjects) in treatment group vs 66% (27 of 41 subjects) in control (p > 0.2). The level MDA was reduced from 1.16 to 1.02 nmol/mL in treatment group and from 1.32 become 1.02 nmol/mL in control (p > 0.48). Conclusion: Extract of mangosteen rind given orally for 3 weeks clinically reduced acne severity better than placebo, although statistically was not significant. Antioxidant effect of EMR seem to be unspecific in reducing acne severity. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:167-72. doi: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.586)
Distal radius morphometry of Indonesian population
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2013): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.587

Abstract

Background: Distal radius morphometry (radial inclination, palmar tilt, radial height, and ulnar variance) is an important parameter in the evaluation and treatment of distal radius fractures in which anatomical alignment must be corrected. Currently, treatment of distal radius fractures in Indonesia is still based on morphometry of western population or from the contralateral side. The aim of this study is to determine distal radius morphometry of Indonesian population and to compare between right and left side, male and female gender. Methods: Distal radius morphometry was measured from 400 plain X-ray of right and left wrist AP and lateral projection. Samples were taken consecutively in Moh. Ridwan Meuraksa Army Hospital, Jakarta, from June to September 2010. Radial inclination, palmar tilt, radial height, and ulnar variance was measured. Data were recorded using tables and grouped between male and female, right and left side, statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney test. Results: From 400 plain X-ray evaluated, there were 300 males and 100 females with the mean age of 25.5 years old (18-48). The mean of radial inclination was 23.99 ± 3.75°, palmar tilt 13.76 ± 4.36°, radial height 11.31 ± 1.66 mm, and ulnar variance -0.45 ± 2.03 mm. There were statistically significant differences between right and left side of radial inclination, palmar tilt, radial height, and ulnar variance. There was also statistically significant difference between male and female. Conclusion: Distal radius morphometry in Indonesian population may provide valuable data for the treatment of distal radius fractures. The use of contralateral side as reference should be reconsidered.
Endovascular treatment of traumatic carotid cavernous fistula with trapping technique
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2013): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.588

Abstract

Conventional endovascular treatment for carotid cavernous fistula (CCF) involves a direct delivery of either coils, detachable balloon or both to the fistula with end point of CCF resolution and carotid artery preservation. But in few cases with severe laceration of carotid artery, the feasible endovascular technique applicable is by blocking the filling of fistula from cerebral circulation. This method known as trapping technique which implicates carotid artery occlusion, was performed in our present case with good result. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:178-82. doi: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.588)
Urinary catheterization in gynecological surgery: When should it be removed?
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2013): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.589

Abstract

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the most appropriate time for urinary catheter removal following a gynecological surgery.Methods: Critical appraisal of clinical trial articles were conducted. It was aimed to answer our clinical question whether 24-hour postoperative urinary catheter removal is superior compared to other durations in avoiding postoperative urinary retention (PUR) and urinary tract infection (UTI). The search was conducted on the Cochrane Library® and PubMed® using keywords “postoperative urinary retention”, “postoperative catheterization” and “urinary retention AND catheterization”. Reference lists of relevant articles were searched for other possibly relevant trials.Results: Seven articles were available as full text, then appraisals of six prospective RCTs involving 846 women underwent hysterectomy and vaginal prolapse surgery were performed finding at the re-catheterization and UTI rate. Subjects in earlier-removal groups were 3 to 4 times more likely to have re-catheterization (OR = 3.10-4.0) compared to later-removal groups, while they who have it removed on 5th day were 14 times more likely to develop UTI compared with immediate group (OR = 14.786, 95% CI 3.187- 68.595).Conclusion: The 24-hour catheterization policy in hysterectomy and vaginal prolapse surgery remains most appropriate although associated with an increased risk of re-catheterization. The removal of catheter before 24 hour (6 or 12 hour) could be considered to be used as one of interventions in further RCT(s) to find out the best duration which would result in lowest incidence in both of UTI and  PUR. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:183-8. doi: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.589)Keywords: Catheter, hysterectomy, prolapse, urinary tract infection
A comprehensive management of hypertension among patients with metabolic syndrome: an evidence-based update
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 3 (2013): August
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.590

Abstract

Individuals with hypertension and metabolic syndrome are at increased risk of developing future morbidities. Therefore, an evidence-based comprehensive approach is required. It is recommended to start with lifestyle modification as the first step, then followed by antihypertensive drugs. Weight loss through decreased caloric intake and increased excercise have been proven to yield a better control over diabetes, blood pressure, and lipid profile. Inhibitor of renin-angiotensin is the recommended first-line drugs for this population, while β-blocker and diuretic should remain as the second line drugs due to increased risk of developing new onset diabetes with these drugs. A more rigorous blood pressure control is reasonable with a target of < 130/80 mmHg. A comprehensive management which include good control over blood pressure, weight, blood glucose, and lipid profile, may reduce future morbidities among hypertensive individuals with metabolic syndrome. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:189-94. doi: 10.13181/mji.v22i3.590)
Effectiveness of permethrin standard and modified methods in scabies treatment
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 23 No. 2 (2014): May
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v23i2.594

Abstract

Background: Permethrin is the drug of choice for scabies with side effects such as erythema, pain, itching and prickling sensation. Whole-body (standard) topical application of permethrin causes discomfort; thus, modified application of permethrin to the lesion only, followed with baths twice daily using soap was proposed. The objective of the study is to know the effectiveness of standard against lesion-only application of permethrin in scabies treatment. Methods: An experimental study was conducted in pesantren in East Jakarta and data was collected in May-July 2012. Diagnosis of scabies was made through anamnesis and skin examination. Subjects positive for scabies were divided into three groups: one standard method group (whole-body topical application) and two modified groups (lesion-only application followed by the use of regular soap and antiseptic soap group). The three groups were evaluated weekly for three consecutive weeks. Data was processed using SPSS 20 and analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis test. Results: Total of 94 subjects was scabies positive (prevalence 50%) but only 69 subjects were randomly picked to be analyzed. The cure rate at the end of week III of the standard method group was 95.7%, modified treatment followed by the use of regular soap was 91.3%, and modified treatment followed by the use of antiseptic soap was 78.3% (p = 0.163). The recurrence rate of standard treatment was 8.7%, modified treatment followed by the use of regular soap was 13% and modified treatment followed by the use of antiseptic soap was 26.1% (p = 0.250). Conclusion: The standard scabies treatment was as effective as the modified scabies treatment.
Reconsidering markers of oxidative stress
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 4 (2013): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i4.597

Abstract

[no abstract available]
Influence of 17β-estradiol treatment on the expression of NF-κB in complete hydatidiform mole culture
Medical Journal of Indonesia Vol. 22 No. 4 (2013): November
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.13181/mji.v22i4.599

Abstract

Background: Genetic evidence has established a role of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB ) signaling in oncogenesis. However, activity of NF-κB in complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) cell culture under 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment is not yet known. Recently, a positive cross-talk between estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-κB to promote survival and progress of cancer cells to a more aggressive phenotype was established. In the present study, we examined the influence of E2 treatment on the NF-κB expression in CHM’s culture. Methods: This experimental study measured the expression of NF-κB in CHM culture treated with E2: 10, 100, 300, 600, and 1000 pg/mL and without E2. Imunohistochemistry staining was used to assess the expression of NF-κB. Microphotographs were taken using 400x magnification. Adobe photoshop CS2 was used to assess the NF-κB expression in cell nucleus. The lower the color intensity of cell RGBbv, is the higher the expression of NF-κB in cells. ANOVA test was performed to compare the expression of NF-κB. Results: NF-κB expression as indicated by color intensity in control group was 114.84 ± 9.02. NF-κB expression in E2 treatment groups were respectively: E2 10 pg/mL: 106.30 ± 13.95; E2 100 pg/mL: 82.47 ± 4.72; E2 300 pg/mL: 82.24 ± 2.67; E2 600 pg/mL: 69.05 ± 6.47; E2 1000 pg/mL: 68.49 ± 2.37. There was progressive decline in color intensity of cells with E2 treatment indicating the increase expression of NF-κB. Significant differences with the control group occurred in doses of E2 100, 300, 600, dan 1000 pg/mL. Conclusion: Treatment of CHM trophoblast culture with escalating doses of E2 was associated with the increase of NF-κB expression in a dose dependent manner. (Med J Indones. 2013;22:197-201. doi: 10.13181/mji.v22i4.599)

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