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Effective Visible Light Communication System for Underground Mining Industry Ibrahim Mohammad Mansour
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52549/ijeei.v8i2.1978

Adequate lightening and efficient communication technology have prime importance for safe underground mining communication system operations. Existing conventional light and communication systems used in underground mines are not very efficient solutions due to heavy power and maintenance requirements. Also, efficient communication technology is required for instantaneous reporting of any potential disaster event under hazardous underground environment. In this paper, we propose light fidelity (Li-Fi) as an efficient way of incident reporting as well as source of illumination for mines. Visible light communication (VLC) system is being used in mines operations, to support communication-blind areas. It exhibits superior performance over traditional radio frequency (RF) communication systems, in terms of low energy consumption, higher data rates achieved, and wide frequency band (430 − 790) T Hz. In this paper, we present VLC system for safe and reliable mining operations and analyze and discuss corresponding channel impulse response (CIR). We consider effect of shadowing and dust on our optical channel model. We compare the performance of our system with available methods in terms of bit error rate (BER), CIR, and prove the superiority of our proposed system.

High performance of sensorless sliding mode control of doubly fed induction motor associated with two multilevel inverters fed by VFDPC_SVM rectifier Cherifi Djamila; Yahia Miloud
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52549/ijeei.v8i2.1481

A robust sensorless control based on the sliding-mode observer applied to a doubly fed induction motor associated with two three-level NPC-type voltage inverters fed by PWM rectifier with constant switching frequency and without line voltage sensors, is presented in this paper. Also, we present an improved direct power control with virtual flux (VFDPC_SVM) for the control of three phase rectifier. Simulation results of this proposed system were analyzed using MATLAB environment.

Wind Power Ramps Analysis for High Shares of Variable Renewable Generation in Power Systems Mohammed Saber Eltohamy; Mohammed Said Abdel Moteleb; Hossam Talaat; Said Fouad Mekhemar; Walid Omran
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52549/ijeei.v8i2.1984

Power system operators should be provided with more information on the characteristics of variable generation power ramps because, although there has been an improvement in the forecasting of wind power, the percentage of error in forecasting is still high to some extent. As a result of the ongoing rise in the participation rate of variable generation, this error will have a significant impact on the balance of power generation and consumption. From the grid operators' viewpoint, in order to balance these ramp events, it is important to get the scale of ramp events in the system as well as the times during which collective events are most likely to arise in order to achieve flexibility and reliability in the power system. Digitization of power systems brings big data which opening opportunities for improving the efficiency of power system operation. This paper analyzes the historical data of power-time curve in two directions: vertical and horizontal, in order to gain details on the behavior of wind power ramps. The method of analysis will be demonstrated by an analysis of actual historical output power of aggregated Belgian wind farms every 15 minutes in 2017 and 2018. Comparing the results of the two years outlined that there are fixed percentages related to wind power ramping behavior and even if the wind capacity is increased, it is possible to determine the extent of these ramps.

K-means Clustering In Knee Cartilage Classification: Data from the OAI Joyce Sin Yin Sia; Tian Swee Tan; Matthias Foh Thye Tiong; Kah Meng Leong; Kelvin Chia Hiik Ling; Sameen Ahmed Malik; Jeremy Yik Xian Sia
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52549/ijeei.v8i2.1649

Knee osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease which affects people mostly from elderly population. Knee cartilage segmentation is still a driving force in managing early symptoms of knee pain and its consequences of physical disability. However, manual delineation of the tissue of interest by single trained operator is very time consuming. This project utilized a fully-automated segmentation that combined a series of image processing methods to process sagittal knee images. MRI scans undergo Bi-Bezier curve contrast enhancement which increase the distinctiveness of cartilage tissue. Bone-cartilage complex is extracted with dilation of mask resulted from region growing at distal femoral bone. Later, the processed image is clustered with k = 2, into two groups, including coarse cartilage group and background. The thin layer of cartilage is successfully clustered with satisfactory accuracy of 0.987±0.004, sensitivity 0.685±0.065 of and specificity of 0.994±0.004. The results obtained are promising and potentially replace the manual labelling process of training set in convolutional neural network model.

Implementation of Deep Learning Based Method for Optimizing Spatial Diversity MIMO Communication Mahdin Rohmatillah; Sholeh Hadi Pramono; Rifa Atul Izza Asyari Asyari
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

As an alternative solution of the isuue trade-off phenomenon between performance and computational complexity always become the hugest dilemma suffered by researchers, this research proposes an optimization in spatial diversity MIMO communication system using end-to-end learning based model, specifically, it adapts autoencoder model. Two models are introduced in this research which each of them address a problem about data detection task and channel estimation task that has not been addressed in the previous research. The proposed models were evaluated in one of the most common channel impairment which is Rayleigh fading with additional Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and compared to the standard Alamouti scheme. The results show that these deep learning based models for MIMO communication system result in very promising results by outperforming the baseline methods. In perfect CSIR (Channel State Information in Receiver side) case, the proposed models achieve BER nearly at SNR 22.5 dB. While in channel estimation case, the proposed models can exceed the baseline performance even by only transmitting 2 pilots.

Implementation of Deep Learning Based Method for Optimizing Spatial Diversity MIMO Communication Rohmatillah, Mahdin; Pramono, Sholeh Hadi; Asyari, Rifa Atul Izza Asyari
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

As an alternative solution of the isuue trade-off phenomenon between performance and computational complexity always become the hugest dilemma suffered by researchers, this research proposes an optimization in spatial diversity MIMO communication system using end-to-end learning based model, specifically, it adapts autoencoder model. Two models are introduced in this research which each of them address a problem about data detection task and channel estimation task that has not been addressed in the previous research. The proposed models were evaluated in one of the most common channel impairment which is Rayleigh fading with additional Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN) and compared to the standard Alamouti scheme. The results show that these deep learning based models for MIMO communication system result in very promising results by outperforming the baseline methods. In perfect CSIR (Channel State Information in Receiver side) case, the proposed models achieve BER nearly Â at SNR 22.5 dB. While in channel estimation case, the proposed models can exceed the baseline performance even by only transmitting 2 pilots.

Experimental Analysis on Double Layer Kapton Material using Peltier Thermoelectric Device AH Dahalan; M.Z.A. Abd. Aziz; M.A. Othman
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

Kapton is one of the flexible materials used in the development of microwave components for the telecommunications system. The electrical properties of Kapton are dependent on the material's temperature. In this study, this material will be heated, and the electrical properties of dielectric permittivity and loss tangent will be analyzed. This material heating process is done by using Peltier thermoelectric which is installed with Aluminium alloy. The 0 V up to 7 V DC voltage was supplied to the Peltier during the heating process. Then, the electrical properties of Kapton were measured by using a dielectric probe and vector network analyzer (VNA) at frequencies of 1 GHz to 9 GHz. The results obtained show the Kapton temperature was increased from 27oC to 41oC. Meanwhile, the dielectric permittivity also varied from 1.72 to 1.64 at the frequency of 5 GHz when 4 V was used. The maximum loss tangent value of 0.5 was observed when the maximum DC voltage of 7 V was applied. The knowledge of this experimental work can be used to design reconfigurable microwave components for smart system applications

Experimental Analysis on Double Layer Kapton Material using Peltier Thermoelectric Device Dahalan, AH; Aziz, M.Z.A. Abd.; Othman, M.A.
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

Kapton is one of the flexible materials used in the development of microwave components for the telecommunications system. The electrical properties of Kapton are dependent on the material's temperature. In this study, this material will be heated, and the electrical properties of dielectric permittivity and loss tangent will be analyzed. This material heating process is done by using Peltier thermoelectric which is installed with Aluminium alloy. The 0 V up to 7 V DC voltage was supplied to the Peltier during the heating process. Then, the electrical properties of Kapton were measured by using a dielectric probe and vector network analyzer (VNA) at frequencies of 1 GHz to 9 GHz. The results obtained show the Kapton temperature was increased from 27oC to 41oC. Meanwhile, the dielectric permittivity also varied from 1.72 to 1.64 at the frequency of 5 GHz when 4 V was used. The maximum loss tangent value of 0.5 was observed when the maximum DC voltage of 7 V was applied. The knowledge of this experimental work can be used to design reconfigurable microwave components for smart system applications

Impact of Device Parameter Variation on the Electrical Characteristic of N-type Junctionless Nanowire Transistor with High-k Dielectrics Mohammed Adamu Sule; Mathangi Ramakrishnan; Nurul Ezaila Alias; Norlina Paraman; Zaharah Johari; Afiq Hamzah; Michael Loong Peng Tan; Usman Ulllah Sheikh
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

Metallurgical junction and thermal budget are serious constraints in scaling and performance of conventional metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). To overcome this problem, junctionless nanowire field-effect transistor (JLNWFET) was introduced. In this paper, we investigate the impact of device parameter variation on the performance of n-type JLNWFET with high-k dielectrics. The electrical characteristic of JLNWFET and the inversion-mode transistor of different gate length (LG) and nanowire diameter (dNW) was compared and analyzed. Different high-k dielectrics were used to get an optimum device structure of JLNWFET. The device was simulated using SDE Tool of Sentaurus TCAD and the I-V characteristics were simulated using Sdevice Tools. Lombardi mobility model and Philips unified mobility model were applied to define its electric field and doping dependent mobility degradation. A thin-film heavily doped silicon nanowire with a gate electrode that controls the flow of current between the source and drain was used. The proposed JLNWFET exhibits high ON-state current (ION) due to the high doping concentration (ND) of 1 x 1019 cm-3 which leads to the improved ON-state to OFF-state current ratio (ION/IOFF) of about 10% than the inversion-mode device for a LG of 7 nm and the silicon dNW of 6 nm. Electrical characteristics such are drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) and subthreshold slope (SS) were extracted which leads to low leakage current as well as a high ION/IOFF ratio. The performance was improved by introducing silicon dioxide (SiO2) with high-k dielectric materials, hafnium oxide (HfO2) and silicon nitrate (Si3N4). It was found that JLNWFET with HfO2 exhibits better electrical characteristics and performance.

Impact of Device Parameter Variation on the Electrical Characteristic of N-type Junctionless Nanowire Transistor with High-k Dielectrics Sule, Mohammed Adamu; Ramakrishnan, Mathangi; Alias, Nurul Ezaila; Paraman, Norlina; Johari, Zaharah; Hamzah, Afiq; Tan, Michael Loong Peng; Sheikh, Usman Ulllah
Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Informatics (IJEEI) Vol 8, No 2: June 2020
Publisher : IAES Indonesian Section

Metallurgical junction and thermal budget are serious constraints in scaling and performance of conventional metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET). To overcome this problem, junctionless nanowire field-effect transistor (JLNWFET) was introduced. In this paper, we investigate the impact of device parameter variation on the performance of n-type JLNWFET with high-k dielectrics. The electrical characteristic of JLNWFET and the inversion-mode transistor of different gate length (LG) and nanowire diameter (dNW) was compared and analyzed. Different high-k dielectrics were used to get an optimum device structure of JLNWFET. The device was simulated using SDE Tool of Sentaurus TCAD and the I-V characteristics were simulated using Sdevice Tools. Lombardi mobility model and Philips unified mobility model were applied to define its electric field and doping dependent mobility degradation. A thin-film heavily doped silicon nanowire with a gate electrode that controls the flow of current between the source and drain was used. The proposed JLNWFET exhibits high ON-state current (ION) due to the high doping concentration (ND) of 1 x 1019 cm-3 which leads to the improved ON-state to OFF-state current ratio (ION/IOFF) of about 10% than the inversion-mode device for a LG of 7 nm and the silicon dNW of 6 nm. Electrical characteristics such are drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) and subthreshold slope (SS) were extracted which leads to low leakage current as well as a high ION/IOFF ratio. The performance was improved by introducing silicon dioxide (SiO2) with high-k dielectric materials, hafnium oxide (HfO2) and silicon nitrate (Si3N4). It was found that JLNWFET with HfO2 exhibits better electrical characteristics and performance.

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