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IJTIHAD Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Salatiga
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Social,
Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
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Articles 234 Documents
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Analisis hukum Islam terhadap pengembangan wakaf berbasis sukuk untuk pemberdayaan tanah yang tidak produktif di Indonesia Siska Lis Sulistiani
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 18, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v18i2.175-192

Abstract

Abstract. Waqf has more flexibility than zakat so that the form of waqf will continue to grow in accordance with the times. The development of the waqf must still be in the corridor of the Shari'a so that the value of ubudiyah and iqtishadiyah remain. The potential of waqf land in Indonesia is so large, making the number of unproductive waqf land due to limited aspects of funding and management. Sukuk-based waqf innovation launched in early 2017 by the Government in order to maximize the potential of waqf land in Indonesia, only the legal aspects of sukuk itself are legally still legitimate. The methodology used is qualitative research methods through literature study, with normative juridical research types and secondary data sources collected by documentary and interview methods and analyzed descriptively qualitatively so that the level of synchronization and feasibility of norms is known. The results of this study are that waqf and sukuk stand from 2 different contract goals, namely tabarru and tijaroh contracts, which are combined in order to bring greater value to benefit. The position of the sukuk-based waqf law if it is built on the contract of sukuk ijarah which is almost similar to bai al-wafa according to the jumhur ulama is prohibited, except for Hanafi schools that allow it. This is in line with the DSN fatwa regarding sukuk and Article 112-113 of the KHES regarding Bai al-Wafa. Apart from differences of opinion in the context of fiqh, it is necessary to pay attention to the clear regulatory aspects that underlie sukuk-based waqf, pay attention to the administration of waqf assets both land and building certificates and waqf certificates and attention to sharia legality aspects so that the main purpose of waqf for the benefit of the people can still achieved without reducing the value or the form of waqf assetsAbstrak. Wakaf memiliki fleksibilitas yang lebih dibandingkan zakat sehingga bentuk wakaf akan terus berkembang sesuai dengan perkembangan zaman. Perkembangan wakaf tersebut tetap harus dalam koridor syariat sehingga nilai ubudiyah dan iqtishadiyah nya tetap ada. Potensi tanah wakaf di Indonesia yang begitu besar, menjadikan banyaknya tanah wakaf yang tidak produktif diakibatkan terbatasnya aspek pendanaan dan manajemen. Inovasi wakaf berbasis sukuk yang diluncurkan di awal 2017 oleh Pemerintah dalam rangka memaximalkan potensi tanah wakaf di Indonesia, hanya saja aspek hukum sukuk itu sendiri secara hukum masih khilafiah. Metodologi yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif melalui studi kepustakaan, dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif dan sumber data sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan metode dokumenter dan wawancara lalu dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif sehingga diketahui taraf sikronisasi dan kelayakan norma. Hasil penelitian ini bahwa wakaf dan sukuk berdiri dari 2 tujuan akad yang berbeda yaitu akad tabarru dan tijaroh, yang digabungkan dalam rangka menghadirkan nilai maslahat yang lebih besar. Kedudukan hukum wakaf berbasis sukuk ini jika dibangun diatas akad sukuk ijarah yang hampir serupa bai al-wafa  menurut jumhur ulama diharamkan, kecuali madzhab hanafi yang membolehkannya. Hal ini yang selaras dengan fatwa DSN tentang sukuk dan Pasal 112-113 KHES tentang bai al-wafa. Terlepas dari perbedaan pendapat dalam konteks fiqh ini, perlu diperhatikan aspek regulasi yang jelas yang melandasi wakaf berbasis sukuk ini, memperhatikan perapihan administrasi aset wakaf baik sertifikat tanah dan bangunan maupun sertifikat wakaf dan perlu diperhatikan aspek legalitas syariah agar tujuan utama wakaf untuk kemaslahatan umat tetap dapat tercapai tanpa mengurasi nilai ataupun wujud dari asset wakaf.
Bersanding dalam resepsi perkawinan:refleksi atas pandangan dan perilaku hukum di Kota Palangka Raya Abdul Helim
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 11, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v11i2.165-181

Abstract

According to the seven marriage couples and three fatwa givers which become of the subjects of thestudy, the mixture of the place for the bride and the groom is prohibited (haram) because it can provokefitnah, there is tabarruj, ask for the highest bride price, focus more on the gifts, and money from theguests and the other people who spread out the yellow rice. The doers don’t know the legal argumentsand even taqlid to the fatwa givers but they don’t have reliable arguments. The doers only argue that lifeof men and women should be separated as in salat and there is no nas that allows the bride and thegroom to sit next to each other. Ikhtilat is allowed to do in the market or workplace because was practicedduring prophet Muhammad SAW’ life. This argument is weak and hard to accept and it traps us becausethere is a great potency of disadvantage between Ikhtilat in the market and work place compared toIkhtilat in wedding reception.
Teori ma’âlât al-af`âl dalam maqâshid syarȋ`ah dan aplikasinya pada permasalahan fiqih kontemporer helmi basri; Hidayatullah Ismail
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 19, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v19i2.205-221

Abstract

This paper is a literature study that seeks to explore the classical literature on the theory of ma'âlât Al-Afâl. This theory is a concept that focuses on efforts to read predictions of what will happen from an action taken, then the prediction will be used as a benchmark in establishing the law between allowed or prohibited. This theory has a high urgency in the contemporary ijtihad fiqih region, because the nature of contemporary jurisprudence itself tends to rely on benefit. It is the benefit prediction that can be used as a legal backing even though the consequences will be to leave the original law contained in the text. Besides mashlahah, there are several factors which require that the concept of ma'âlât Al-Af'âl is recognized in the realm of ijtihad, such as sad Al-Zarîah, Al-Dharûrah, raf`u Al-Haraj and ta`lil Al-Ahkâm. The conclusion obtained is that this predictive theory is really needed in solving contemporary problems, because the benchmark is the maqâshid syarîahah which leads to one word namely "benefit".
Nikah di bawah tangan perspektif yuridis dan sosiologis Munir Subarman
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 13, No 1 (2013)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v13i1.65-83

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to determine the implementation of unregistered marriages and its obstacles in social life. The author uses a qualitative approach with descriptive methode which describes systematically, factual, and accurate information on the facts, properties and relationships among actualized phenomena. Siri marriage is a marriage conducted in accordance with terms and pillars of marriage in Islam, but not with the Registrar of Marriage Officer (VAT). Unregistered marriages is considered legitimate according to religion. Eventhough it causes problems because it is not listed in state law. So it will have difficulty regarding divorce and division of matrimonial property, as well as an impact on the status of children, guardianship status of marriage rights, and inheritance rights.
Menggugah peran hukum humaniter internasional Islam dalam mengurai konflik etnis perspektif sejarah Moh Rosyid
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 12, No 2 (2012)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v12i2.193-215

Abstract

The defamation of minority ethnics and groups by the authority and the majority has been exposed by the media throughout history. This condition is contrary to the Islamic concept of rahmatan lil’alamin. The concept will not be materialized if the expert of humanitarian law does not involve in the formulation of Islamic humanitarian law. This topic is proposed by the author to persuade the expert of Islamic law to be more active in exploring the concept of prosperous life according to Islam. The author does not explore the topic from legal point of view but rather from historical point of view that crime and genocide has colored global life. If this condition is not addressed immediately and appropriately, we should concern that misguidance will be always characterized our life. Persuading humanitarian law expert is a scientist contribution to create a prosperous life and prevent a conflict. International humanitarian law is a part of international law consisting of diplomatic law, maritime law, law of international treaty, and space law. Due to its significance, it necessitates Islam to coloring humanitarian law. Islam may contribute to humanitarian law through the expert of Islamic law. Islam may be used as a frame of humanitarian law because it establishes a world full of compassion without any form of discrimination.
Bayang-bayang teori keagenan pada produk pembiayaan perbankan syariah Misnen Ardiansyah
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 14, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v14i2.251-269

Abstract

In Indonesia, the most populer contract used by Islamic bank is murabahah contract, which is very close to the debt based financing. Many researchers argue that, this phenomenon is due to the risk faced by Islamic bank particularly related to the moral hazard by mudarib. This paper aims to explore the lack of musharakah and mudarabah contract in perspective of agency problems theory. The important issue in this paper is whether agency problem also underlies between customer as an agent and Islamic bank as a principal in financing contract. By employing holistic paradigm, namely by combining Islamic value and conventional theory, this study find two conclusion. First, agency problem in the scheme of Islamic banking products is due to the asymmetric information between agent and principal. Strict procedures and higher criteria cause mudarabah amount of financing contract of Islamic bank can not reach it optimum level. Second, agency problems which is happen in Islamic bank can be solve by optimizing the profit sharing ratio aimed to know the customer characters. Optimal sharing ratio can press the moral hazard problem, since the customer should be able to run his business with a maximum level of effort and be able to maximize the revenue generated to match the expectations of the bank and the customer. If the profit-sharing scheme is not optimal, it will lead bank suspicion, thus, banks will increase their control that it will directly have an impact on the rising of cost of monitoring and verification.   Di Indonesia, kontrak yang lumayan tenar yang paling banyak digunakan oleh bank syariah adalah akad murabahah, yang sangat dekat dengan pembiayaan berbasis utang. Banyak peneliti berpendapat bahwa, fenonema ini karena risiko yang dihadapi oleh bank syariah khususnya terkait dengan moral hazard. Tulisan ini bertujuan mengeksplorasi kurangnya musharakah dan mudarabah kontrak dalam perspektif masalah agensi teori. Isu penting dalam tulisan ini adalah apakah masalah keagenan juga mendasari antara pelanggan sebagai agen dan bank syariah sebagai utama dalam kontrak pembiayaan. Dengan menggunakan paradigma holistik, yaitu menggabungkan nilai Islam dan teori konvensional, penelitian ini menemukan dua kesimpulan. Pertama, masalah keagenan dalam skema produk perbankan syariah adalah karena informasi asimetris antara agen dan principal. Prosedur yang ketat dan kriteria yang lebih tinggi menyebabkan jumlah mudarabah kontrak pembiayaan bank syariah tidak dapat mencapai kepada tingkat optimal. Kedua, masalah keagenan yang terjadi di bank syariah dapat terpecahkan dengan mengoptimalkan nisbah bagi hasil yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakter pelanggan. Nisbah bagi yang optimal dapat menekan masalah moral hazard, karena pelanggan harus mampu menjalankan bisnisnya dengan tingkat maksimum usaha dan mampu memaksimalkan pendapatan yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan harapan bank dan nasabah. Jika skema bagi hasil tidak optimal, hal itu akan menyebabkan kecurigaan Bank, dengan demikian, bank akan meningkatkan kendali mereka bahwa itu akan langsung berdampak pada meningkatnya biaya monitoring dan verifikasi.
Studi kritis model perjanjian mudarabah pada perbankan syariah di Indonesia Muhammad Sjaiful
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 15, No 1 (2015)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v15i1.119-136

Abstract

The presence of Islamic Banking in Indonesia on the one hand it should be welcomed because it is aproof of the excitement of the majority of Muslims in the country to attempt to practice the teachingsof Islam in the life of the muamalah each other. But very unfortunate if the concept of Islamic Bankingis still graft the principles of usury-based conventional banks. As shown in the mudaraba agreementscheme practiced by some Islamic Bank is still causing some problems from the viewpoint of Sharia,including Islamic Banking legal standing as related parties in the mudaraba agreement itself, the dualstatus, on the one side and the other side as mud}arib as s}ahib al mal. Held dual status that Islamic Bankingcourse diametrically opposed to the principles of sharia. Another serious problem that was seized inMud}arabah current agreement scheme is a scheme which is essentially an agreement contract debtsbetween Islamic Bank is positioning itself as a cahib al-mal with customers who position themselves asmud}arib. Being stuck mud}arabah made Islamic Bank debts into the scheme of course is very dangerousfrom the point of view of sharia because it would trap the usury-based parties in the transaction. For thereconstruction of the model that needs to be done mudaraba agreement on Islamic banking thatmodels the agreement actually purely on the basis of pure sharia upright.
Kebijakan fiskal dan upaya mengatasi disparitas ekonomi perspektif Islam Agus Waluyo
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 17, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v17i1.19-38

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to overcome economic disparity in the perspective of Islamic fiscal. Theresearch findings showed that the effort to overcome economic disparity was conducted through economydevelopment that must refer to the base of Islamic philosophy, namely tauhid rububiyah, keadilan,khalifah and tazkiyah. The primary Islamic fiscal should focuse more on distribution of economy fairly.Fair distribution of economy will guarantee the justice amid community, and there is no differencebetween the poor and rich people. The principles of justice guarantee primary need to all society. Besides,each of them is able to fulfill their secondary need. In the context of overcoming economic disparity, itcan be done through optimizing the receiving from instrument of Islamic fiscal policy through strengtheningof regulation, modern and syncron management as well as integration between convensionalfiscal and Islamic fiscal policies.
Paradigma baru fiqih perdagangan bebas: Dialektika ulum al-din dan hukum negara Akmal Bashori
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 18, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v18i1.81-98

Abstract

The people of the world (Muslim) enter a new era where between free countries do trade relations without any customs duties, this is called free trade. Everything is governed by market players who have strong capital, rooted in the concept of capitalism. Although Islam advocates seeking as much treasure as you live forever, however, Islam does care about each other. With the advent of free trade, what should the Indonesian state do? Do you have to sacrifice the withdrawal of customs levy which has been the country's income? How does Islam see this? What is the concept that offer fiqih about free trade? The key problem must be between the science of religion with the state so that the policies taken by the state bring maslahat to millions of Indonesian people.
Konsepsi jihad dalam konteks kehidupanmodern: pemikiran Sayyid Sabiq dan Abu Bakar Jabir al-Jazayri Idri Shaffat
Ijtihad : Jurnal Wacana Hukum Islam dan Kemanusiaan Vol 11, No 1 (2011)
Publisher : State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Salatiga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18326/ijtihad.v11i1.41-59

Abstract

Recently, the term of jihad has been used by certain people for improper purposes. At the time of theProphet and the classical Islamic period, jihad meant as an effort to uphold and fight for Islam with awealth, soul, body, mind, and  deeds. Nowdays certain people have been understanding and applyingthis term in the form of terror. They understand it solely as ‘the holy war’ against the unbelievers withparadise as a reward for martyrs who died for it. In the name of jihad, in this decade there are manybombings in Indonesia and other hemisphere. Bomb terrors not only occur in non-Muslim countriesbut also in Muslim countries which also cause Muslim victims. The question then is what are theiractions really the jihad as it is thought by Islam? To answer this question, this paper tries to explain theconcept of jihad in the perspective of two scholars who live in contemporary era, namely Sayyid Sabiqand Abu Bakr Jabir al-Jazayri by examining definition of jihad concept, legal basis and implementationof jihad, categories of jihad, and orientation of jihad understanding in the context of modern life.Through this study it is expected that the solution of jihad formulation  in the context of modern lifecan be  clarified and resolved.  

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