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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 6 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April" : 6 Documents clear
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Aktinomisetes Penghasil Antibakteri Enteropatogen Escherichia coli K1.1, Pseudomonas pseudomallei 02 05, dan Listeria monocytogenes 5407 Dwi Ningsih Susilowati; Ratih Dewi Hastuti; Erny Yuniarti
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p15-23

Abstract

Isolation and Characterization of Actinomycetes ProducingAntibacterial Compound into EnteropatogenikEscherichia coli K1.1, Pseudomonas pseudomallei 02 05and Listeria monocytogenes 5407. Dwi N. Susilowati,Ratih D. Hastuti, and Erny Yuniarti. The resistance ofbacterial pathogens to some antibacterial agents and sideeffects of the antibacterial usage demanded discovery ofnew effective, safe, and active antibacterial compounds.Some pathogenic bacteria, such as enteropathogen Escherichiacoli (EPEC) that cause diarrhoea on children andinfants, Pseudomonas pseudomallei that cause melioidosison human and animal, and Listeria monocytogenes thatcause listeriosis on newly born babies mortality and death ofpregnant woman. Actinomycetes is the largest bacterialgroup that produce antibiotics. More than 10,000 antibacterialcompounds had been discovered, two-third ofthem were produced by this bacterial group. A study wasdone to isolate and characterize Actinomycetes producingantibacterial compounds effective against EPEC K1.1 and P.pseudomallei 02 05. Soil samples were taken from 39locations in Indonesia and 115 actinomycetes isolates wereobtained. Two of the isolates, i.e., isolate A3.5 that waseffective against P. pseudomallei 02 05 and isolate F6.1 thatwas effective against EPEC K1.1 evaluated further. Theisolate A3.5 had an optimum time 72 hours to produce antibacterialcompound, while F6.1 took 96 hours. The antibacterialcompounds produced by both isolates were dissolvein the a 70% ethyl acetate solution, but not in a 40oCwarm methanol solution because it is very dissolved. Theantibacterial compound extracted from the isolate A3.5 hada similar effectiveness to antibiotics bacithracyn 10 unit andneomycin 30 g. On the other hand, the antibacterialcompound extracted from isolate F6.1 had a similar effectivenessto antibiotics colistin 10 g and doxyciclin 30 g.Further identification of the isolates suggested that both ofthem belongs to the genera Streptomyces.
Karakterisasi secara Morfologi Abnormalitas Embrio Somatik Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) dari Eksplan Daun Nesti F Sianipar; Gustav A Wattimena; Hajrial Aswidinnoor; Maggy Thenawidjaya S; Nurita Toruan-Mathius,; Gale Ginting
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p32-39

Abstract

Morphological Characterization on Abnormalities of Oilpalm(Elaeis guineensis Jacq) Embryo Somatic Generatedfrom Leaf Explant. Nesti F. Sianipar, Gustav A.Wattimena, Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Maggy ThenawidjayaS., Nurita Toruan-Mathius, and Gale Ginting. Somaticembryogenesis is the development of somatic cells to form astructure alike zygotic embryo direct or indirectly. Somaticembryos from young leaf explants could be induced fromprimary callus formed surrounding the palm-leaf rib. Embryogeniccallus will develop to be somatic embryos whichgrew nonuniformly. Embryo somatic growth pattern ofglobular, asymmetric heart shape, and cotyledon ary stageproduced different morphological variation. Morphologicalvariability of in vitro somatic embryos could be due to highapplication of growth regulator 2,4-D at the beginning ofinitiation, subculture frequency, loaded cells, and polysomiccells from certain tissues. From the three clones used,which were clone 638, 636, and 558, there were differentvariation at each step of development stages, groupingmorphologically into normal and abnormal based on thedevelopment of somatic embryos. The percentage of abnormalityfrom the three clone used was clone 27% (638), 30%(636), and 46% (558). The normal somatic embryos at globularstage were round and bipolar shaped; while the abnormalembryos were oval and no bipolar. At heart-shape stage,the normal somatic embryos had symmetrical polarized surface;while the abnormal embryos had asymmetrical polarizedsurface. At the cotyledon stage, the normal embryoshad monocot-tyledon; the abnormal ones were more thanone cotyledon.
Pengaruh Iradiasi Sinar Gamma pada Pertumbuhan Kalus dan Keragaman Planlet Tanaman Nilam Abdul Kadir; Surjono H Sutjahjo; Gustav A Wattimena; Ika Mariska
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p24-31

Abstract

The Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Calli Growth andPatchouly Planlet Variation. Abdul Kadir, Surjono H.Sutjahjo, Gustav A. Wattimena, and Ika Mariska. Thisresearch was objected to study the effect of gamma irradiationon growth of calli and plantlet and phenotypic variationof patchouly plantlet. Research was conducted at the TissueCulture Laboratory of Center for Agricultural Biotechnologyand Genetic Resources Research and Development, Bogor.Gamma irradiation treatment was done at the Centre for Researchand Development of Isotop and Radiation Technology,BATAN, Jakarta. The treatment consisted of 5 level ofirradiation i.e. 0 (control), 5, 10, 15, and 20 Gy of gamma irradiation.The result showed that gamma irradiation of 20 Gydecrease calli quality index and increased percentage ofcalli death and inhibited calli growth at 30, 60 and 90 daysafter irradiation, also decrese number of shoots. Gamma irradiationof 5 Gy and 10 Gy increased growth planletcompared 15 Gy and 20 Gy, meanwhile gamma irradiation at20 Gy induced high frequency of phenotypic variation ofpatchouly plantlet.
Parameter Genetik Jagung Populasi Bisma pada Pemupukan yang Berbeda. II. Ragam dan Korelasi Genetik Karakter Sekunder Sutoro, Sutoro; Bari, Abdul; Subandi, Subandi; Yahya, Sudirman
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p9-14

Abstract

Genetic Parameter of Secondary Traits of Corn in BismaPopulation under Different Fertilizer Application. II. GeneticVariance and Correlation of Secondary Traits.Sutoro, Abdul Bari, Subandi, and Sudirman Yahya. Themagnitute of secondary traits of corn could affect the cornyield. Genetic parameter value of secondary traits areimportant in plant breeding, especially in selection program.Genetic parameter could be used for estimation of correlatedresponse by involving value of genetic correlation andgenetic variance. Value of genetic parameter is differentamong population and environment. Genetic parameter ofsecondary traits on Bisma population under 3 different levelof fertilizer application were studied in Bogor. Result of thestudy showed that addtive genetic variance of ASI, chlorofil,seed number, amount of green leaves and LAI at floweringstage greater than dominant variance. Conversely, additivegenetic variance of green leaf number and LAI at maturingstage, and leaf senescene are lower than dominant variance.ASI has greatest heritability among secondary traitsunder three level of fertilizer application. Positive geneticcorrelation was found between grain yield under low fertileizerapplication and ASI under high level fertilizer applicationor between grain yield under high level of fertilizer applicationand ASI under low level fertilizer application.
Spektrum Ketahanan Galur Haploid Ganda Turunan IR64 dan Oryza rufipogon yang mengandung QTL Ketahanan terhadap Penyakit Blas (Pir) Dwinita Wikan Utami; Alberta Dinar Ambarwati; Aniversari Apriana; Atmitri Sisharmini; Ida Hanarida; Didier Tharreau; Santosa Santosa
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p1-8

Abstract

Resistance Spectrum of Double Haploid Lines Derivedfrom IR64 and Wild Rice Species, Oryza rufipogonContained the Blast Resistance QTL (Pir). Dwinita W.Utami, A. Dinar Ambarwati, Aniversari Apriana, AtmitriSisharmini, Ida Hanarida, Didier Tharreau, and Santosa.This study was initiated to determine the spectrum resistanceof the candidate durable blast resistance variety containedthe QTL (quantitative trait locus), Pir1 and 2. This QTLwas mapped on chromosome 2 detected using the advancedbackcross population (BC5) from the wild rice speciesOryza rufipogon to IR64. Pir (1 and 2) also establishedon double haploid (DH) population derived from the selectedlines of BC2F3 population, progenies from the sameparents. The DH lines were developed to speed up the fixationprocess of the recessive alleles in the selected lines.Near isogenic lines with different blast resistance genes andcombination were used in this study comparing to the DHpopulation on their resistance spectrum using the knownavr gene isolates both on green house and field screening.The determination of the resistance spectrum will useful onthe prediction of durability of blast resistance gene in DHpopulation. The results of spectrum resistance test in greenhouse and field showed that Pir1and Pir2 segregated on 1 : 1proportion related with specific respond to blast avr genePH14 and CM28 resistance. Pir1 was identic to Pi33 or Pi25and Pir2 to Pitq5 on spectrum resistance.
Pemanfaatan Tanaman Hasil Rekayasa Genetik: Status, Regulasi, dan Metode Deteksi di Indonesia Bahagiawati Bahagiawati; Sutrisno Sutrisno
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 3, No 1 (2007): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v3n1.2007.p40-48

Abstract

Application of Genetically Modified Crops: Status, Regulation,and Detection Method in Indonesia. Bahagiawatiand Sutrisno. Global area of transgenic crop was increasetremendously. The number of country accepting of plantingand/or marketing the transgenic crops and its derivativeproducts also become more numberous. However, due toexisting controversy on the benefit and risk, the applicationof transgenic crops was governed by regulations to protectthe consumer and environment from its unwanted effects.There are some international conventions that managingand controlling the uses of these crops, one of them wasCartagena protocol that Indonesia ratified in 2004. Indonesiaalso launched a regulation upon labelling package foodderived from transgenic crops in 1999. To implement eitherthe Cartagena protocol and labelling regulation, Indonesianeeds to increase its capacity to detect the present of thetransgenic crop product either in raw, and proceesed food.This review will discuss about the development of theapplication of transgenic crop and its product globally, andlist of transgenic crops that have been accepted andapproved as safe for human consumption and environment.The regulations upon the application of transgenic crop inIndonesia also be informed. Some metodologies to detectthe presence of the genetically modified food that aregenerally use in some countries also be discussed in thisreview.

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