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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April" : 7 Documents clear
Keragaman Somaklonal untuk Perbaikan Tanaman Artemisia (Artemisia annua L.) melalui Kultur In Vitro Endang G Lestari; Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih; Muhammad Syukur; Rosa Yunita
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p26-32

Abstract

Somaclonal Variability for the Improvement of PlantsArtemisia (Artemisia annua L.) by In Vitro Culture.Endang G. Lestari, Rosa Yunita, and Ali Husni. Artemisiaannua L., a family member of Asteraceae, is medicinalplants originated from China. The plant has been widelyused by the local people for malaria remedy. Its active substance,artemisine, has been proved to hamper the malariabacteria incubation, Plasmodium sp. In accordance with theWHO recomendation, the Department of Health of Indonesiais now in the attempt of developing this plant as thesubtitute of chloroquin because of the malaria bacteriaresistance to this antidote. In Indonesia, the artemisinecontent of the plant less than 0,5% is the crucial problemleading no investors are interested in its economic value.Therefore, Indonesian Medicinal and Spice Crops ResearchInstitute; BPTO Tawangmangu, Indonesian Institute ofSciences; and PT Kimia Farma cooperate for obtaining theprime clone by breeding, selection, as well as environmentaladaptation. In coping with the problem, ICABIOGRAD in thecollaboration with Bogor Agricultural University haveconducted the research for genetic improvement throughmutative induction and field selection. This research onsomaclonal variation. was conducted from Januari 2006 toJuni 2008. Eksplan used for experiment were shoots radiatedwith 10-100 Gy gamma ray. The result showed that the shootradiated with the dosage of 70-100 Gy was unable to grow.On the other hand, the high level of multiplication wasacquired in the one radiated with 10-30 Gy. The optimumradiation for somaclonal radiation was eventually gainedwith 40-60 Gy. The somaclone lines with 10-60 Gy radiationhave been aclimatized and planted in Gunung Putri plot inthe elevation of 1545 asl. Artemisinin content at the highbiomases genotype is 0,49-0,52%.
The use of Biotechnology in the Characterization, Evaluation, and Utilization of Indonesian Rice Germplasm Tiur S Silitonga
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p49-56

Abstract

Penggunaan Bioteknologi dalam Karakterisasi, Evaluasi,dan Pemanfaatan Plasma Nutfah Padi Indonesia. Tiur S.Silitonga. Beras merupakan makanan pokok pendudukIndonesia yang terus meningkat kebutuhannya. Untuk memenuhikebutuhan beras nasional, peningkatan produktivitasvarietas padi terus diupayakan melalui peningkatan potensihasil dengan cara merakit varietas tipe baru dan padihibrida yang berdaya hasil tinggi dan genjah, tahan terhadapcekaman biotik dan abiotik. Sejak tahun 2006 sampai saatini jumlah varietas yang dihasilkan sebanyak 31 varietas.Perakitan varietas itu semua dilakukan dengan menggunakanplasma nutfah. Sampai saat ini plasma nutfah yang dilestarikandi Bank Gen Balai Besar Penelitian dan PengembanganBioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian(BB-Biogen) berjumlah sekitar 4.000 aksesi yang terdiri atasvarietas padi lokal, varietas padi unggul lama, varietas unggultipe baru, galur-galur elit, dan kerabat spesies padi liar.Untuk menjaga keselamatan koleksi, sebanyak 2.500 aksesidilestarikan di Balai Besar Penelitian Padi sebagai koleksiduplikat. Di samping itu, sebagai mitra kerja sama internasional,koleksi ini juga disimpan di pusat pelestarian plasmanutfah padi International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) sebanyaklebih dari 8.900 aksesi. Plasma nutfah ini memilikiperanan yang sangat besar sebagai sumber gen dalamprogram pemuliaan padi. Untuk mempermudah pemanfaatannya,koleksi ini telah di karakterisasi, dievaluasi, dan didokumentasikandi dalam database. Karena plasma nutfahmemiliki nilai potensial dan nilai aktual bagi kehidupan manusia,maka sangat penting untuk melestarikannya baiksecara in situ, ex situ, dan lekat lahan (on farm). Pada tulisanini diuraikan status koleksi plasma nutfah, bagaimana dikoleksi,karakterisasi, evaluasi, dan didokumentasikan dalamdatabase dan dimanfaatkan dalam program pemuliaanpadi serta dalam pertukaran plasma nutfah padi. Dalam pemanfaatandan pertukaran plasma nutfah, Indonesia telahmeratifikasi perjanjian pertukaran sumber daya genetik danmengimplementasikannya dengan menggunakan StandardMaterial Transfer Agreement (sMTA) melalui UU No. 4 Tahun2006.
Pencarian Alel untuk Identifikasi Gen Ketahanan Penyakit Hawar Daun Bakteri, Xa7 pada Plasma Nutfah Padi Lokal Indonesia Dwinita W Utami; Endang M Septiningsih; Triny S Kadir; Fatimah W Fatimah; Siti W Yuriyah
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p1-9

Abstract

Allele Mining of Bacterial Blight Resistance Gene, Xa7 onIndonesian Local Rice Germplasm. Dwinita W. Utami,Endang M. Septiningsih, Trini S. Kadir, Fatimah, and SitiYuriyah. The abundance of novel genetic variation existingin germplasm collections is the foundation for varietyimprovement in plant breeding program. Nevertheless,studies on Indonesian genetic diversity rice germplasmusing molecular markers are still poorly. Recent advances inutilizing of simple sequence repeat (SSR) in QTL mappingand whole rice genome sequences were positive support ongenetic diversity of rice germplasm research. Based on theseadvance technology, we developed the research to discovernew alleles at important gene loci that can be used for riceimprovement. This approach is recognized as allele miningtechnology. On this study the target genes for allele miningresearch is the resistance gene for bacterial leaf blightpathogen, Xa7. This point was introduced by identify thegenetic diversity of 96 accessions Indonesian local ricegermplasm. The Xa7 allele mining was done by SNP (singlenucleotide polymorphism) designing primers based on DNAsequence around the gene target. The significant LD mapwas detected by association mapping between phenotypeand SNP genotyping data of the selected germplasm whichhaving superior performance on BLB resistance andrepresenting on genetic diversity clustering. The resultsshown that Xa7 allele variation were found in Parekaligolara(Indica, 15141), and Gajah Mada (Indica, 5856), whichresistant to BLB races IV and VIII on generative stage andfield condition. The significant Xa7-SNP8 and Xa7-SNP11markers were associating with the LD map position of Xa7gene on 28, 05-28,1Mb of chromosome 6 in rice genome.
Peningkatan Toleransi Alumunium pada Jeruk Batang Bawah dengan Teknik Seleksi In Vitro Berulang Mia Toruan Kosmiatin; Rosa Yunita; Ali Husni
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p33-39

Abstract

Aluminum Tolerance Improvement of Rootstock Citrusthrough Repeated In Vitro Selection. Mia Kosmiatin,Rosa Yunita, and Ali Husni. National orange productivitywas trend to decrease because of pathogen attack andreducing of planting area. One of alternative ways topreserve and increase orange productivity was usingmarginal soil mainly acid soil. This matter pushed thebreeder to prepare tolerant rootstock and stable in the acidsoil. In vitro culture technique was effective and efficientmethods to produce tolerant and stable rootstock in acid soilthrough simulation of acid soil with addition of highaluminum and low pH in the medium. By the simulation theselection could be done in cell level, so cell was selectedafter induction of variation. A rootstock which highcompatibility with scion, useful rooting, and aluminumtolerance could be increased orange productivity throughacid soil development. The research was conducted in 3phase: (1) induction of embryogenic calli, (2) improvementof genetic variation through mutation, and (3) In vitroselection with AlCl3.6H2O for aluminum and low pH tolerant.Immature embryos of rootstock were use as explant. Theresult showed that the best embryogenic calli were inducedon MS basal medium with MW vitamin + NAA 7,5 mg/l +kinetin 0,5 mg/l. Before selection, 1.000 rad dosage was themost tolerant dosage to growth embryogenic calli. Afterselection, 2.000 rad dosage was the best dosage to produceshoots which stable tolerant to aluminum. Selected 88mutant shoots were produced after three times selection onthe same medium which AlCl3.6H2O added at low pH.
Keterpautan 23 Marka Mikrosatelit pada Kromosom 6 dan 7 dengan Karakter Ketahanan Populasi Jagung terhadap Penyakit Bulai (Peronosclerospora maydis) Roberdi, Roberdi S; Aswidinnoor, Hajrial S; Setiawan, Asep S; Sutrisno, Sutrisno S; Pabendon, Marcia B; Azrai, Muhammad S
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p10-17

Abstract

Linkage of 23 Microsatellite Marker on Chromosome 6and 7 to Downy Mildew Resistance on Maize. Roberdi,Hajrial Aswidinnoor, Asep Setiawan, Sutrisno, Marcia B.Pabendon, and M. Azrai. Downy mildew caused byPeronosclerospora is one of most important maize diseasein several countries, including Indonesia. Parental andprogenies selection based on conventional breeding is timeconsuming and laborious. Development of molecularbiology produces many DNA markers used for selection, oneof them is microsatellite. The aim of this research to identifymicrosatellite markers associated with downy mildewresistance on maize progeny MR-4 X AMATLCOHS-9-1-1-1-1-1-2-B, on chromosome 6 and 7. This research was consistedof two activities, phenotypic and genotypic analysis.Phenotypic analysis used 175 progenies BC1F2 and both ofparents. This analysis included planting of spreading row,inoculums preparation, inoculation of spreader rows, testmaterial planting, inoculation of test material andobservation. Genotypic analysis used 175 progenies BC1F1and both of parents. This analysis included DNA genomeisolation, PCR analysis, electrophoresis, gel staining and datascoring. Percentage of downy mildew infections on MR-4was 76%, while these on AMATLCOHS-9-1-1-1-1-1-2-B was16%, and on 175 progenies had range from 10.1-100%. Out of23 SSR, 12 markers could be mapped in chromosome 6 and11 markers in chromosome 7. QTL analyses showed thatchromosome 7 contain one QTL in position between phi082and phi116I marker as far as 18.6 cM with 2.6 LOD value.
Analisis Regulasi dan Kebijakan Keamanan Hayati dan Peluang Keberhasilan Adopsi Benih Transgenik di Indonesia Saragih, Edwin S; Sitorus, Santun RP; Harianto, Harianto; Moeljopawiro, Sugiono
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p40-48

Abstract

Analysis of Regulation and Policy on Biosafety andLikelihood of Transgenic Seeds Adoption in Indonesia.Edwin S. Saragih, Santun R.P. Sitorus, Harianto, andSugiono Moeljopawiro. Since more than 10 years, anumber of works in field of modern biotechnology havebeen programmed in public research institutes anduniversities in Indonesia and few foreign companies haveput efforts in introducing transgenic varieties. This significantdevelopment raises intriguing question as to why there hasnot been any transgenic food crop seed planted by farmersin the country. A status quo was observed in whichregulatory regime on biosafety has been in a situation ofprolonged transitional phase and necessary institutionalframework has not been firmly in place. There weredistinguished lines among stakeholders on benefitawareness, risks perception and worry on multinationalcompanies’ control over seed supply. There is a fairexpectation that similar benefits experienced by adoptingcountries could also help increase food production inIndonesia. However, potential contribution of transgenicseeds for the country is still largely unexplored. There arenumbers of potential transgenic seeds namely transgenicrice, soybean, potato, tomato and corn, with the latter wouldshow slightly better likelihood of success once adoptionhappens. Decision making instrument as determinant factorin ensuring safe application and release of transgenic seedshas not yet existed despite the fact that capacity for biosafetyassessment conduct is undoubtedly sufficient. It is importantto note that the new regulation on biosafety (PP No. 21/2005)open opportunities for assessing transgenic product under atransitional clause. Nonetheless, the new regulation has notbeen able securing food safety statement of importedtransgenic products (especially corn and soybean) whichhave been used for domestic consumption.
Introduksi Gen DefH9-iaaM dan DefH9-RI-iaaM ke dalam Genom Tanaman Tomat Menggunakan Vektor Agrobacterium tumefaciens Ragapadmi S Purnamaningsih
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 1 (2010): April
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n1.2010.p18-25

Abstract

Introduction of DefH9-iaaM and DefH9-RI-iaaM GeneInto Tomato Genome Using Agrobacterium tumefaciens.Ragapadmi Purnamaningsih. Plant genetic improvementcan be conducted through genetic engineering.Parthenocarpic fruit production could increase fruitproduction and its qulities. IAA genes were introduced intothree tomato cultivars Ratna, Opal and LV 6117 using twoconstract genes DefH9-iaaM and DefH9-RI-iaaM. The iaaMgene is able to increase auxin biosynthesis in transgenicplant cells and organs because indol-eacetamide,synthesized by the product of the iaaM gene, is convertedeither chemically or enzimatically to indole-3-acetic acid(IAA), while the promotor DefH9 enable IAA gene expressedspecifically in the ovules. The objectives of this experimentwas to identify gene introduction into plant genom of threetomato cultivars. The factors tested were two constract ofIAA genes (DefH9-iaaM or DefH9-RI-iaaM), tomato cultivars(Ratna, Opal, and LV 6117) and time of explant inoculation(5, 15, 30 minute). The result showed that the best timeinoculation was 5 minute. Otherwise three tomato cultivarsresponse better to DefH9-RI-iaaM than DefH9-iaaM. The totalefficiency of regeneration and total efficiency oftransformation of both genes were 25.38% and 20.32%. PCRanalysis showed that 10 plant have positive PCR, were 1plant carried (Opal) DefH9-iaaM gene and 9 plant (Ratna,Opal, LV 6117) carried DefH9-RI-iaaM gene.

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