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INDONESIA
Jurnal AgroBiogen
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 19071094     EISSN : 25491547     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Jurnal AgroBiogen memuat artikel primer dan sekunder hasil penelitian bioteknologi dan sumberdaya genetik tanaman, serangga, dan mikroba pertanian. Jurnal ini diterbitkan tiga kali setahun pada bulan April, Agustus dan Oktober oleh Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober" : 8 Documents clear
Kultur In Vitro Endosperma, Protokol yang Efisien untuk Mendapatkan Tanaman Triploid secara Langsung Lazarus Agus Sukamto
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p107-112

Abstract

In Vitro Culture of Endosperm: An efficient protocol topropagate triploid plants directly. L. Agus Sukamto.Triploid plants are very vigorous and beneficial since theygenerally produce seedless fruits, bigger flowers, and producemore volume of wood than the diploid counterparts.The triploid plants can be produced by crossing diploid andtetraploid plants, but this method is cumbersome and takesa long time. In vitro culture of endosperm is an alternativemethod to produce triploid plants directly. The success ofendosperm culture is dependent on many factors, such asmaturity of endosperm, presence of the zygotic embryo, culturemedium, growth regulators, browning, culture period,an plant species. Generally, a mature endosperm needs aninitial association with an embryo to induce cell divisions,while proliferation of an immature endosperms is notdependent on the embryo. Endosperm of most parasiticangiosperms shows direct organogenesis without callusformation. Plants produced from endosperm culture aregenerally triploid, although some plants possess differentploidy levels.
Induksi Kalus dan Regenerasi Beberapa Genotipe Gandum (Triticum aestivum L.) secara In Vitro Atmitri Sisharmini; Aniversari Apriana; Sustiprijatno Sustiprijatno
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p57-62

Abstract

Callus Induction and In Vitro Plant Regeneration ofWheat Genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.). AtmitriSisharmini, Aniversari Apriana, and Sustiprijatno. Developmentof a reliable in vitro plant regeneration procedure forwheat is a prerequisite for its improvement by genetic transformation.The purpose of this study was to obtain methodsof callus induction and regeneration of wheat genotypes.This experiment was conducted at ICABIOGRAD. Immatureembryos from four wheat genotypes, ie Perdix, Naxos Wew,Combi and Fasan were used to induce callus formation andregeneration rate of callus. For the preparation of callusinduction medium, MS-L7 basal medium was supplementedwith combination of growth regulators 2,4 dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid(picloram). While, plant regeneration medium was preparedusing MS basal medium supplemented with combination ofthree growth regulators i.e. IAA, BAP and kinetin. The resultsshowed that genotype, in vitro culture medium and growthregulators played a dominant role in callus induction andplantlet regeneration. All the 4 genotypes responded positivelyto callus induction, however, variability was observednot only among the genotypes but also within callusinduction medium used. The best induction medium wasthe MS-L7 basal medium supplemented with combination ofphytohormon 4 mg/l 2,4-D + 2 mg/l picloram (GIK-3) whichshowed 100% callus induction frequency. Whereas, the bestregeneration medium was shown by MS basal medium withcombination of phytohormon 1.5 mg/l BAP dan 0.5 mg/lkinetin (RG3). Regarding plant regeneration, Perdix was themost responsive genotype to be regenerated with regenerationfrequency of 57.33%. The successfully acclimatizedplanlets in greenhouse were obtained from Perdix andNaxos Wew genotypes. These results will potentially facilitategenetic transformation research of wheat in Indonesia.
Empat Belas Tahun Perkembangan Peraturan Keamanan Hayati dan Keamanan Pangan Produk Rekayasa Genetik dan Implementasinya di Indonesia Muhammad Herman
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p113-125

Abstract

Fourteen Years of Development of Biosafety and FoodSafety Regulations of Genetically Engineered Productsand their Implementation in Indonesia. M. Herman. InIndonesia, the need for biosafety and food safety regulationof genetically engineered products (GEP) is well recognized.The Food Law and the Decree on Provisions of Biosafety ofGenetically Engineered Agricultural Biotechnology Productshas been signed respectively by the President of Republic ofIndonesia in 1996 and by the Minister of Agriculture in 1997.The biosafety and food safety regulation of GEP comprise ofguidelines, ministerial decree, joint ministerial degree,government regulation, presidential regulation, presidensialdecree, and law. In the implementation of biosafety regulationduring the year of 1999-2001, there were five GE cropsand two enzymes products derived from GE microorganismsfor feed additive have been decraled as safe to the environment.One of the five GE crop declared for environmentsafety, the insect resistant (IR) cotton (Bt cotton) was commercializedfor limited released in seven districts of SouthSulawesi during 2001-2003. Whereas, from 2001-2010 thereare 13 GE crops have been studied in the greenhouse ofbiosafety containment and confined field trials, among ofthose there are two GE crops, herbicide tolerant (HT) GEmaize and drought tolerant (DT) GE sugarcane have beenassessed and recommended for environment safety. Fiveapplication of animal vaccine derived from GE microorganismsfor studied in the biosafety containment andconfined field have been submitted to the regulator. Inaddition to biosafety regulation, food safety regulation hasalso been implemented after the Food Safety AssessmentGuideline for GEP has been signed by the Head of Food andDrug Inspection Agency in July 2008. Food safety assessmenthas been conducted on 10 GE crops such as HT maize, HTsoybean, IR maize, amylase modification maize and DTsugarcane. There are some constraints encountered duringthe implementation of biosafety and food safety regulation.The constraints are the lack of commitment of relatedinstitution involved in the regulation, lack of understading onthe regulation, and difficulties of implementing the regulationon the import products such as maize and soybean forfood and feed process.
Konservasi In Vitro Tanaman Jeruk Besar (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.) Kultivar Srinyonya Menggunakan Osmotikum dan Retardan Iswari S Dewi; Gani Jawak; Ika Roostika; Muhammad Sabda; Bambang S Purwoko; Widiati H Adil
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p84-90

Abstract

In Vitro Conservation of Pomelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.)Merr.) cv Srinyonya Using Osmoticum and Retardant.Iswari S. Dewi, Gani Jawak, Ika Roostika, M. Sabda,Bambang S. Purwoko, and Widiati H. Adil. Pomelo is anunderutilized citrus fruit with a potential for commercialization.Only some cultivars have been conserved ex situ, suchas in home yards or in botanical gardens. Such collectionsare vulnerable to biotic and abiotic hazards. The goal of theexperiment was to study the effect of osmoticum (sorbitol)and retardant (ancymidol) on in vitro growth of pomelo.Four-leaf in vitro shoots of pomelo cultivar Srinyonya wereused as plant materials. Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium wasused as the basal medium for the culture. The trial wasarranged in a completely randomized design with threereplications. The treatments consisting of MS + sorbitol (0,20, 40, and 60 g/l) and MS + ancymidol (0, 1, 3, and 5 mg/l).The results indicated that based on plant height, number ofnew leaves, and visual plant architecture, sorbitol treatmentsfrom 20-60 g/l retard the growth of the pomelo plant significantly.On the other hand, ancymidol did not inhibit thepomelo growth significantly, but it was a suitable osmoticumfor improvement of in vitro plant vigor, increasing greencolor of leaf, and increasing root initiation. Leaf senescenceof in vitro plants cultured on media containing sorbitol 40and 60 g/l began 20 week after storage. The best medium forconservation of pomelo cv Srinyonya was MS + 20 gsorbitol/l.
Efisiensi Mikropropagasi Pisang Kepok Amorang melalui Modifikasi Formula Media dan Temperatur Supriati, Yati
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p91-100

Abstract

Micropropagation Efficiency of Banana cv KepokAmorang through Modifications of Culture Media andIncubation Temperature. Yati Supriati. The budlessbanana cv Kepok Amorang is potentially commercializeddue to its sweet taste and does not have flower bud, hencereduced the potential of being infected by the blood diseasepathogen. Enhancement of banana industry needs continuoussupplies of large number banana seedlings. In vitroculture enable the production of seedlings in a large scale,uniform, quick. The research aims: (1) to formulate anefficient medium for in vitro multiplication of cv KepokAmorang shoot, (2) to identify efficient growth environmentfor in vitro culture of cv Kepok Amorang, and (3) to formulatean efficient culture medium for roots inductions of cvKepok Amorang. The plant material used was in vitro cultureof Kepok cv Amorang, 2 cm in height without leaf and root.The media formulation for shoot multiplication were fullstrength, half strength, one fourth strength MS media,supplemented with either 1, 3, or 5 ppm IBA. On optimizationstep, the media tested were MS, Knop, Knop andHeller, Hyponex N, Growmore N, and Rosasol N containingof 1 ppm BA. The explants were incubated in culture roomwith 8, 12, and 16 hours photoperiod with temperatures 30oC(non air conditioned) and 25oC (air conditioned). The rootinduction trial was done using MS, Knop, Knop and Heller,Hyponex N, Growmore N, and Rosasol N media containingof 1 ppm and 3 ppm IBA. The results showed that the bestmedium formula for shoot multiplication was ¼ MS + 1 ppmIBA. The best incubation condition was 16 hours photoperiodsat 30oC. The best media for root induction wasHyponex 2 g/l + 1 ppm IBA. This culture method reducedcost by Rp 261.7 per plantlet through efficiency of mediaformulation and electricity use.
Induksi Kalus serta Regenerasi Tunas dan Akar Cabai melalui Kultur In Vitro Manzila, Ifa; Hidayat, Sri H; Mariska, Ika; Sujiprihati, Sriani
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p65-74

Abstract

Callus Induction and Regeneration of Shoot and Root ofChill through In Vitro Culture. Ifa Manzila, Sri H.Hidayat, Ika Mariska, and Sriani Sujiprihati. In vitroculture is one way for a fast and effective plant propagation.This method is also useful for preliminary selection of plantresistance to disease, including the chili. In vitro propagationmethod for chili has not been widely reported. A study wasconducted to obtain effective techniques for callus inductionand regeneration into shoots on three red chili cultivars (cv)Gelora, Sudra, and Chili 109. The study consisted of fouractivities, namely the induction of callus formation,induction of embryogenic callus, callus regeneration intoadventitious shoots, and root induction from the adventitiousshoots. Murashige Skoog (MS) medium + 0.6% agar + 3%sucrose were used as basal medium, 20 ml/bottle. Youngleaves, hypocotyls and root tips of 21-day-old chili seedlingswere used as sources of explants. Each experiment wasarranged in a completely randomized design with 10replications, one culture bottle for each treatment. Thecallus induction experiments using the explants of youngleaf explants, hypocotyl, and root tips were done separately.Each treatment consisted of explants from the three chilicultivars on MS medium containing three composition ofgrowth regulators (PGR) BAP + NAA, 10 explants/bottle. Theembryogenic callus induction was conducted by growingthe callus in bottles containing a medium that contains threecompositions PGR 2,4-D + thidiazuron 0.5 mg/l. Induction ofshoot formation was done by growing the embryogeniccallus on medium containing three composition of plantgrowth regulator BAP + NAA. Induction of root formationwas performed by growing adventitious shoots on ½ MS and1 MS medium + NAA 0.5 to 1.0 mg/l. The results showed thatyoung leaves are the best explant source for callus andshoot formations in chili through tissue culture comparedwith the hypocotyl and the tip. Gelora is the most responsivechili cultivar to callus, shoots, and roots formation of in theirrespective medium, compared to Sudra and Chile 109. MSmedium containing BAP 3-7 mg/ml and NAA 1 mg/ml can beused to induce the growth of callus from young leafexplants, hypocotyl and seedling root tip chili cv Gelora,Sudra, and Chile 109, but its growth was very slow and didnot produce embryogenic callus. Embryogenic callusformation can be induced by both non-embryogenic callusHak Cipta © 2010, BB-Biogengrowing the callus on MS medium containing 2,4-D 3 mg/l +thidiazuron 0.5 mg/ l. Formation of callus that can regenerateinto shoots should use an MS medium containing 2,4-D 3mg/l + thidiazuron 0.5 mg/ l followed by subculture on MSmedium + BAP 3 mg/l + thidiazuron 0.5 mg/l to induceshoot elongation. Medium ½ MS and 1 MS containing NAA0.5-1.0 mg/l can be used to induce root formations on shootculture of chili cv Gelora but not for cv Chili 109.
Regenerasi Jeruk Siam melalui Embriogenesis Somatik Ali Husni; Agus Purwito; Ika Mariska; Sudarsono Sudarsono
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p75-83

Abstract

The Regenerated of Siam Tangerin through SomaticEmbryogenesis. Ali Husni, Agus Purwito, Ika Mariska,and Sudarsono. Somatic embryogenesis occurs in mostplants that are cultured on a suitable medium in vitro.Somatic embryo may arise from single cells and the embryogeniccells are widely applicable in plant propagation,genetic manipulation and transgenic technologies. Thepresent study was carried out to develop an effectivesomatic embryogenesis technique to regenerate Siamtangerine plants. Materials used in this study were nucellartissues of young fruits (30-90 days post anthesis). Inductionof embryogenic calli was done by culturing the tissues onthree different basal media (MS, MW and MT). Embryomaturation was done on the MW medium + ABA (0; 0.1; 0.3;dan 0.5 mg/l), while germination to plantlet developmentwas done on WS medium + GA3 (0, 0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 mg/l).The results showed that among the three media, MW wasthe best medium for callus induction from nucellar tissueswith a success rates 98% for Simadu and 100% forPontianak. The best maturation of embryo somatic wasdone on MW medium + ABA 0.5 mg/l with success rates99%, while the best medium for germination and developmentinto planlets was MW medium + 0.5 mg/l GA3 with asuccess rate 58%.
Pengaruh Kinetin dan BAP terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Embrio Somatik Tanaman Sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) Imron Riyadi
Jurnal AgroBiogen Vol 6, No 2 (2010): Oktober
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumber Daya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/jbio.v6n2.2010.p101-106

Abstract

Effect of Kinetin and BAP to Growth and Development ofSomatic Embryos of Sago Palm (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.).Imron Riyadi. Somatic embryos induction in sago palm(Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) have succesfully developed. Kindsand concentration of plant growth regulators (PGR’s)influence to growth and development of somatic embryos.The research was conducted to determine the optimal concentrationof BAP and kinetin for proliferation, maturationand germination of sago palm somatic embryos. Cotyledonstageof somatic embryo derived from shoot tip culturescultured on Modified Murashige-Skoog (MMS) with halfstrengthmacro-salts and added with 30 g/l sucrose, 2 g/lgelrite, 1 g/l activated charcoal. pH of media was adjusted at5.6 before sterilized. The media were supplemented with0.1-2.0 mg/l BAP and 0.1-2.0 mg/l kinetin in combination with0.01 mg/l ABA each for supporting growth and development.The cultures was incubated at 26+1oC under a 12-hphotoperiod with lighting providing an intensity 20 μmolesphotons/m2/second for 11 weeks with replication 10 times.The results showed that the highest of somatic embryoproliferation was achieved in a culture medium with BAP at0.5 mg/l + 0.01 mg/l ABA with an expression rate of 94%, thebest maturation at 1.0 mg/l kinetin + 0.01 mg/l ABA with anexpression rate of 93.5% and the most germination at 2.0mg/l kinetin + 0.01 mg/l ABA with an expression rate of100%. Transfer of these germinants to gelled media withoutPGR’s led to the development of normal plantlets.

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