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INDONESIA
Buletin Iptek Tanaman Pangan
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 7 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017" : 7 Documents clear
Improvement of Type III Resistant Starch on Food Material Using Hydrotermal Method Shinta Dewi Ardhiyanti; Bram Kusbiantoro; Adil Basuki Ahza; Didah Nur Faridah
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Resistant starch (RS) on food can not be degraded by human digestive enzyme, so that it gives positive effect on human health. The RS content can be enhanced by chemical, enzymatic or physical methods. Physical modification method that is frequently used including heating and cooling cycles, heat moisture treatment/HMT and annealing. These methods generally produce RS type III, which is the product of retrogradation. Physical modification process promotes the reorganization of starch crystalline, which elevate the level of RS or even decrease it. The interaction between intrinsic and extrinsic factors during modification process can produce variation of RS contents in a particular food materials. Different RS analyses method can also induce the variation.
Genetic Diversity and Virulences of Tungro Viruses on Rice in Indonesia R. Heru Praptana; I Nyoman Widiarta
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Tungro virus disease is endemic in some rice-producing areas in Indonesia. The disease is caused by two different types of viruses, RTBV and RTSV, both are transmitted by green leafhopper. Genetic diversity and degree of virulences of the tungro viruses occur in the endemic areas of geographically diverse environments. Genetic diversity of the viruses do not correlate with their virulences. The virulence of tungro viruses was determined by specific interaction of the two types of tungro viruses, the vectors of the viruses and the resistance type of varieties. Informations on the genetic diversity and virulence of the tungro viruses from various endemic areas are needed to determine the disease control strategy and to apply more appropriate recommendation of resistant varieties. The information is also useful for disease epidemic monitoring and early detection of the presence of tungro viruses, and to be used as a basis in breeding for tungro virus resistant varieties, using conventional or genetic engineering techniques.
Integrated Disease Control of Rice Blast Yulianto Yulianto
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Blast disease caused by Pyricularia oryzae Cav. fungus, is infecting rice crop in dry lands, and also in the rainfed and irrigated lands. Yield losses due to blast depending on the intensity of the disease. At a high degree of the disease intensity, yield loss reaches up to 90%. Symptoms of the disease often appear on rice leaf (leaf blast) or in the panicle neck (neck blast). Panicle neck blast is more detrimental than leaf blast disease. The fungus has many races which are easily adapting to the environmental conditions. The new races are formed by genetic recombination and by mutation, where the new races usually are more virulence than the old ones. Genetic resistance on a rice variety my be broken, depending on the environmental conditions or planting times. In the highland the disease is very rare and often at low disease intensity. Conversely, blast disease is more prevalence in the lowlands and often with high disease intensity. Blast pathogen survives on weeds and on rice straw which functions as a source of inoculum. Blast disease control using a single component will not be effective, and therefore an integrated control management by applying multiple components is suggested, including: sanitation, removing the diseased plants and weeds acting as alternate host, planting resistant varieties, avoid an excessive use of N fertilizer, less crowded plant spacing, proper irrigation management, varietal rotation, and precise use of fungicide, if ever needed.
Soybean as Source of Functional Food Ayda Krisnawati
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Soybean represents an excellent source of high quality protein with a low content of saturated fat and high in dietary fibre. The important of soybean as a functional food is reflected from the physiological content in its grain. The possible use of soybean as functional food in Indonesia is high, since the consumption of soybean and its processed products in the daily diet is stable high, that it seems to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. Soybean isoflavones are associated with roles in the prevention and treatment of degenerative organ diseases. The use of improved soybean variety as raw material for soy processed food showed similar quality with those of the imported ones. Therefore, research on the role of soybean as functional food has a strategic status in supporting the achievement of sustainable national food security.
Breeding for Rice Variety Tolerant to Iron Toxicity Nugraha, Yudhistira; Rumanti, Indrastuti A.
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Excess of reduced iron (Fe2+) in the soil affects plant growth of some crops. Iron toxicity is physiological disorder which occurs mostly under flooded condition, where rice is predominantly cultivated. In order to contribute information to the rice breeding program, we review the physiological, genetic and breeding of rice tolerance to iron toxicity. Some rice genotypes were identified as having tolerance to iron toxicity with different mechanism-types. Most of the tolerance variations are local varieties which had adapted to the harst environment of their origin. Those genotypes needed to be improved to be widely adopted by farmers in the targeted areas. Selection for iron toxicity tolerance genotypes faces problems due to the fact that the targeted areas are in remote areas which are difficult to acces. It is important to develop effective and efficient screening technique that able to copy the real field condition. Identification tolerance-type of the genotypes is also very important to develop basic of more précises physiological-breeding program. A number of elite lines have been developed in some rice research institution in Indonesia. The genes regulating for iron toxicity tolerance in rice are very complex that it makes difficult to accelerate the selection using molecullar marker. An approach to develop technique of molecullar marker based breeding to iron toxicity tolerance in rice was outlined.
Improvement of Type III Resistant Starch on Food Material Using Hydrotermal Method Shinta Dewi Ardhiyanti; Bram Kusbiantoro; Adil Basuki Ahza; Didah Nur Faridah
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Resistant starch (RS) on food can not be degraded by human digestive enzyme, so that it gives positive effect on human health. The RS content can be enhanced by chemical, enzymatic or physical methods. Physical modification method that is frequently used including heating and cooling cycles, heat moisture treatment/HMT and annealing. These methods generally produce RS type III, which is the product of retrogradation. Physical modification process promotes the reorganization of starch crystalline, which elevate the level of RS or even decrease it. The interaction between intrinsic and extrinsic factors during modification process can produce variation of RS contents in a particular food materials. Different RS analyses method can also induce the variation.
Adoption Analysis of Hybrid Rice Development in Indonesia Satoto Satoto; Yuni Widyastuti; Nita Kartina; Bayu Pramono Wibowo
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 12, No 1 (2017): Juni 2017
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

The current rice productivity tends to be stagnant and even falling, due to the biotic and abiotic stresses and is affected by global climate changes. An alternative to solve the problem is to use the effect of heterosis through hybrid rice technology. China had pioneered in developing hybrid rice and farmers had been successfully adopting widely hybrid rice variety. Indonesia is still lagging behind in developing hybrid rice technology where the rate of hybrid rice diffusion in farmers fields tend to be slow. Around 4.92% of the total rice area is currently planted with hybrid rice. It is necessary to analyze factors that cause the low level of hybrid rice adoption in Indonesia. Factors affecting farmers’ responses to hybrid rice included socio economic factor and farmers’ profiles, hybrid rice productivity, degree of varietal resistance to pests and deseases, grain quality, cultivation technique, cost of production, selling price of grain and availability of information. This paper identified challenges and obtacles in hybrid rice development, analyzed factors that influence the adoption rate, and to recommend policies that encourage the development of hybrid rice varieties in Indonesia.

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