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INDONESIA
Buletin Iptek Tanaman Pangan
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT
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Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011" : 10 Documents clear
Strategi Pengembangan Pasar Domestik Pertanian dalam Menghadapi Persaingan Global Djoko Said Damardjati
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Strong and competitive domestic market is a key for facing the world market which is increasingly liberal, open and global. The domestic market structure will change dynamically to adjust the development and to be compatible with the world market. Therefore, the development for better market infrastructure, institutional, human resources, policy and other support facilities should be directed in such a way as to be able to carry out the distribution of goods efficiently that benefits all players, including farmers’ as a producer and consumer. Transformation from farmer producers to farmer suppliers through GAPOKTAN is required. At the distribution and marketing level, there is a need to develop institutional and efficient marketing system through the establishment of the agribusiness terminal (TA) and agribusiness sub-terminal (STA). To build an effective marketing network synergistic cooperation is needed among all agencies and stakeholders, in building and empowering institutional facilities of the existing markets and streamline of critical nodes in the agricultural marketing chains. Traditional markets and modern markets (super market and hypermarket) as the primary goal of marketing of agricultural commodities are objects that need to be fairly regulated. With the very dynamic market developments as demanded by consumers, the traditional market is expected to reorganize themselves into semi-modern interprices in order to remain a good choice for consumers and competitive with modern markets. The development of modern markets both supermarkets and hypermarkets also need to be regulated so that their growth would not to be ‘counter-productive’ with the efforts of building a strong and competitive domestic product market. Competitive domestic market of the local products that compete well with imported products, and the high absorption of the local products is expected to the entry of imported products into the Indonesian market.
Konsumsi dan Strategi Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Beras pada 2015 di Jawa Barat Iskandar Ishaq
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Rice is an important food crop in West Java. It provides employment to 2.5 million farm households and another 2.7 million farm laborers. Presently, production of rice is sufficient to feed the population in the province of 42.2 million people and even there is one million ton of rice surplus. In 2015 West Java province will have 40.6 million inhabitants, requiring about 6.8 million ton of rice grain, or equivalent to 10.8 million ton of dry paddy. To meet the demand, it requires 1.93 million ha of rice to be planted annually, which is larger compare with the area of the present farm lands. To overcome this shortage, four strategies are suggested, namely: (1) increases the productivity of wet land and upland rice, (2) increases the planting intensity on irrigated and rainfed farm lands, (3) expanding upland rice cultivation on the newly planted estate crops and forest tree lands, (4) improves post harvest handling to reduce losses. Harmonious coordination among all stake holders in various government levels is required in order to implement such strategy. A good working relation between research institutes and agriculture extension is also needed to promote the adoption of appropriate adaptive technologies.
Pengembangan Tanaman Sela di Bawah Tegakan Tanaman Tahunan Didy Sopandie; Trikoesoemaningtyas Trikoesoemaningtyas
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Development of Crops Variety Tolerant to Low-light Intensity for Intercropping. The effort to increased food crops production is limited by the lack of arable land. Therefore, there is a need to utilize marginal areas such as land under estate crops which is partly shaded and hence have low light intensity as well as high acidity and drought condition. Production increase is marginal areas, such as lands under canopies of estate crops, could be achieved by improvement in (1) crop adaptation to abiotic stresses and resistance to biotic stress, (2) yield potential, and (3) cultural techniques which are based on knowledge in plant physiology and ecophysiology. A collaborative research on plant physiology, molecular biology and plant breeding is affected to be able to create approviate technologies to overcome those problems. Food crops which are potential to be produced under shaded condition as intercrops are upland rice, soybean, taro, elephant foot yams, and legume crops. Plant adaptation to low-light intensity is achieved through efficiency in light interception (avoidance) and utilization (tolerance). Through integrated research of interdisciplinary approach several promising lines of soybean having high productivity under 50% shading were selected.
Strategi Pencapaian Diversifikasi dan Kemandirian Pangan: Antara Harapan dan Kenyataan Roosganda Elizabeth
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Strategy for food diversification and food self reliance: Fact and doubt. Food as a basic need for human life, affect the quality of individuals, which is conditioned by ones economic status, education and culture. Food sufficiency determines the national security, where as food import dependency indicates the inability of the nation to feed its people security. The problem may be alleviated by providing technology and relevant information to farmers, couple with a conducive policy and adequate support of agricultural extension and marketing. Economic crisis on world level and climate changes had weaked the purchasing power of the poor, rendered to inability of the lower income people to buy food adequately. There is a need to re evaluate the agriculture development policy with regard to food policy, directed toward food diversification and improved purchasing power of the people primarily in rural area, by inducing the growth of food agro industries using the available local produces.
Transformasi Sistem Produksi Tanaman Pangan Menjadi Tanaman Tahunan di Lahan Kering: Ancaman bagi Keamanan Pangan Sudaryono, Sudaryono; Hastuti, P. C.
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Transformation of annual to perennial crop production system in sub optimal dry land. Agricultural land resources as media for annual-perennial crops production system are the main backbone of the biological industry. Proportion and management of annual-perennial crops to be part of integrated system can not be separated in the system of food crop production supply. All crop products are useful to consumers and market segments. In other word, all harvested produces have economic values. In a high productive farm lands with small erosion and less land degradation, the sustainability of such land is maintained. However, on sub-optimum dry lands the degree of erosion tends to be higher and land degradation accours rapidly, if it is not properly managed. Intensive crop rotation of annual crops may result in nutrient depletion, soil erosion and unsustainability of crop production. Planting perennial crop in a mixture with annual crop produces better canopy coverage to the soil surface which leads to the reducing of soil erosion, and hence, better soil conservation for sustainable production. The proper portion of perennial to annual crops on such land should be considered, so as to maintain the sufficient food crop production for the people in the area. Thus, farm management on a fragile lands should considered both food sufficiency and production sustainability.
Optimasi Hasil Ubikayu Menggunakan Teknologi Adaptif Budhi Santoso Radjit; Nila Prasetiaswati
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Cassava is an alternative crop for food and for energy, due to its high productivity. Of the harvested area of about 1.2 million ha, the national average yield of cassava is only about 18 t/ha, with the highest productivity of 24.6 t/ha obtained from Lampung Province. The high need for food and industrial raw materials for domestic and export, requires for identifying technologies that can increase productivity of cassava. Based on studies conducted in Malang, Banyuwangi, South Lampung, and Central Lampung, the application of proper crop management was able to increase yields. In southern Malang, used input of 10 t/ha manure, 300 kg/ha urea and 300 kg Phonska/ha on varieties Cecek Hijau, Sembung, and Malang-6 was able to obtain fresh tuber yield between 80-87 t/ha with a profit between Rp 37,610,000/ha to Rp 41,810,000/ha. In KP Genteng, Banyuwangi district, applying fertilizers at rate of 300 kg/ha urea, 100 kg/ha of SP36, 100 kg/ha of KCl and 5 t/ha manure, produced fresh tuber yield between 54-62 t/ha with a profit between Rp 19-23 million/ha, and B/C ratio between 2.5 to 3.0. In Natar (South Lampung) and Sulusuban (Central Lampung), applying 300 kg urea/ha, 200 kg SP36/ha, 200 kg KCl/ha, and 500 kg dolomite/ha, plus 5 t manure/ha produced between 46-60 t/ha of fresh tubers with Rp 26 to Rp 31 million profit. The apparent high yields and profits from cassava farming were obtained from the application of high inputs in combination with deep soil tillage. Reasonable good cassava price ranged between Rp 550-650/kg, had contributed to high profit earned by farmers. Although cassava yield obtained from the use of high input seems quite profitable, however its adoption and its yield sustainability need to be studied further, mainly relates to sustainable soil fertility. Price stability for fresh tubers, inorganic fertilizers and manure availability, and access to capital, need to be supported by the local government in order that farmers adopt the technology.
Potensi Limbah Pertanian sebagai Pupuk Organik Lokal di Lahan Kering Dataran Rendah Iklim Basah Nurhayati Nurhayati; Ali Jamil; Rizqi Sari Anggraini
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Farm land in Indonesia, both dry land and wet land, generally have low soil organic content, of less than 2%. Therefore, adding organic matter to the soil in order to improve soil productivity is recommended. Crop residues and animal waste are potential as source for organic matter. Composted organic matter can be used as fertilizers containing macro and micro nutrients. The availability of organic fertilizer can be utilzed as a basis to promote sustainable agriculture development. In each district in Indonesia, such as one of Kampar District in Riau Province, the material for organic fertlizer is readily available. It was estimated the crop residues from food crops alone amounted to 40,930 ton per year, crop residues from estate crops amounted to 74,840 ton per year, and animal waste 17,612 ton per year. From those organic matter, when fermented into compost, can be used as fertlizer to cover farm land area of 56,455 ha annually, thus, can be expected to improve soil quality gradually.
Prospek Pengembangan Sorgum untuk Ketahanan Pangan dan Energi M. Arsyad Biba
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Abstract

Sorghum can be planted in dryer climate area and requires less inputs compare with other food crops. Grain sorghum as food has better nutrient content than that of maize or rice. Its biomass can be used as animal feed, and the sugar content on the stem can be processed to produce bioethanol. From one kg of grain sorghum can be converted into one liter of ethanol. Suitable sorghum variety may produce 2,577 l of ethanol per ha of crop. Ever increasing demand for oil as source of energy is estimated to reach 62.11 million KL in 2025, and about 6.2% is expected to be substituted by gasohol. To supply the 621 thousand kl of gasohol, it needs 18,633 ton grain sorghum to be harvested from aound 9,317 ha of sorghum crop.
Perkembangan Teknologi Budi Daya Kedelai di Lahan Sawah Sumarno Sumarno
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Soybean Production Technology Development on Wet Land. Soybean has been grown in Indonesia since 1746, as a component of rice crop rotation on wet land, by applying indigenous technology. Until 1960 Indonesia was the third largest soybean producer in the world. However, the planted area is relatively stagnant until now. Based on its development, there are eight alternative technologies available for producing soybean on wet land, varying from a very simple method requiring minimum input and man power, to very intensive technique. To attain soybean self-sufficiency, it is suggested that the expansion of soybean area to be carried out on fallow wet land during the dry season, applying one of the most suitable cultural technique among the eight available alternatives. National campaign for practicing rice-rice-soybean crop rotation on wet land is expected to improve soil fertility, farmer’s income and increase soybean production toward attaining self sufficiency.
Percepatan Pengembangan Varietas Unggul Baru Padi melalui Unit Pengelola Benih Sumber Ade Supriatna; Joko Mulyono; Zakiah Zakiah
Iptek Tanaman Pangan Vol 6, No 2 (2011): Desember 2011
Publisher : Puslitbang Tanaman Pangan

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Previous study was conducted in 2008 in Central Java, in order to identify the following items: (i) the development of seed production in the area and its distribution; (ii) the model of seed industry; and (iii) to analyze the economic visibility of seed industry. Data were collected from 15 seed grower farmers and 25 rice farmers. Secondary data were collected from the Assessment Institute for Agriculture Technology (BPTP)-Central Java, the Office of Agriculture, the Institute for Seed Inspection and Certification (BPSB), the Seed Farm of Food and Horticulture Crops (KBPH), the Central Agency of Statistics (BPS), and the Institute of Agricultural Research. During 2007 BPTP produced 17,454 kg rice seed consisted of SS seed (88.1%) and FS seed (11.9%). The varietal reference test indicated that farmers prefer more of three varieties, namely Mekongga, Cibogo, and Cigeulis. Seed distribution from UPBS to farmers was channeled through the seed dissemination program, the cooperative of seed growers, free seed assistance to support the National Program for Rice Production (P2BN), and through public sales. Model of Seed Industry in the BPTP-Central Java was acting as the Units of Seed Source Development (UPBS). This Institution purchases BS seed from the Indonesian Center for Rice Research (ICRR) and produced FS and SS seeds. Its products were distributed to the KBPH and other local seed growers to produce SS or ES seed that will be planted by farmers. Seed production of rice obtained benefit of Rp 5.5 million/ha/season or 25 present more than that of the rice for consumption, with R/C 1.53. If farmers produced and processed the seed, they would obtain benefit of Rp 19.7 million/ha/season derived from the producing seed (28.1%) and the processing seed (71.9%). The economic performance of seed industry is profitable to farmers, and it supports the shortage of seed supply in Central Java. It needs some cooperation from other institutions, including the supply of BS and FS seeds from ICCR, and cooperation with the existing seed industries for seed distribution.

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