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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
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Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Juni" : 8 Documents clear
Pengelompokan Kultivar Ketumbar Berdasar Sifat Morfologi Endang Hadipoentyanti; Sri Wahyuni
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v10n1.2004.p32-36

Abstract

AbstractCoriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is an annual crop, limitedly cultivated in the high land areas. Based on the fruit shape the plant could be groped into three types: globularsmall, globular-big, and ovoid. There were 13 accession numbers of coriander collected from production area in Indonesia or other countries. They were varied in fruit shape and some of morphological characters. To analyze the relationship among the accession based on morphological character, the plant was planted at Manoko, Lembang (1200 m asl). Morphological characters were observed from 10 plant and based on the resulted data, analysis of genetic resemblance were carried out using average taxonomic distance of dissimilarity with NTSYSpc-2.1. Results showed that the accession of coriander can be classified into four groups. The first group only consist of introduced cultivar from Japan, the second group consist of coriander collected from Sungaitarap, Padanglawas, Sumbar, Sungayang, Madiun, Irak, Thailand, and Mesir, where each introduced cultivar made an exclusive sub group. The third group are cultivar collected from Jember and Cipanas, while the fourth groups are cultivar collected from Kadipekso and Temanggung. Collected cultivars from nearby areas tended to belong to the same group.AbstrakAbstrakKetumbar (Coriandrum sativum L.) merupakan tanaman herba setahun, dan umumnya dibudidayakan secara terbatas di dataran tinggi. Berdasarkan bentuk buahnya, dapat dibedakan ke dalam tiga tipe, yaitu bentuk buah bulat kecil, bulat besar, dan lonjong. Hasil pengumpulan ketumbar dari beberapa sentra produksi maupun introduksi telah diperoleh sebanyak 13 nomor dengan penampakan buah yang bervariasi. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengelompokan koleksi ketumbar berdasarkan sifat morfologi. Benih ditanam di Manoko pada ketinggian tempat 1200 m dpl. Pengamatan morfologi dilakukan terhadap 10 tanaman contoh. Data morfologi dianalisis mengunakan metode jarak average taxonomic distance of dissimilarity dengan paket program NTSYSpc-2.1. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa koleksi ketumbar terbagi ke dalam empat kelompok, yaitu kelompok I yang hanya terdiri atas kultivar asal Jepang. Kelompok II adalah kultivar asal Sungaitarap, Padanglawas, Sumbar, Sungayang, Irak, Thailand, Mesir, dan Madiun. Tiga kultivar introduksi membentuk subkelompok tersendiri. Kelompok III adalah kultivar asal Jember dan Cipanas, sedangkan kelompok IV adalah kultivar asal Kadipekso dan Temanggung. Kultivar yang dikoleksi dari daerah yang berdekatan cenderung membentuk kelompok yang sama
Identifikasi Galur-galur Elit Padi (Oryza sativa) untuk Tetua Padi Hibrida Yudhistira Nugraha; E. Lubis; M. Diredja
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v10n1.2004.p12-16

Abstract

AbstractOne of the efforts to increase rice yield is through hybrid rice production. Hybrid rice has now been commercialized in Indonesia. The parental lines of the hybrids developed in Indonesia mostly came from introduced lines. Those lines were more susceptible to stresses, especially to pests and diseases, that make the yield of the hybrid fluctuated and wasn’t stable. Hence, it is needed to develop hybrid variety using Indonesian parental line which were well adapted to Indonesia. Therefore, identification of those lines is needed. In the last four seasons 2000/01 WS until 2002 DS, 1471 lines have been test-crossed in Muara experimental station, Bogor. Out of 2769 hybrids developed from 1471 parental lines, 18.1%, 74.5%, and 7.1% were fertile, partial fertile or partial sterile and sterile, respectivively. The frequency of fertile plants tested in the observation yield trail was 3.4% and only 0.7% of sterile plants were continued in the backcross program for new cytoplasmic male-sterile line development. Several number of lines identified as restorer lines were progenies of popular variety, namely IR64 and IR36. While those six lines which identified as maintainer line came from crosser of Ptb 33 and IR3043.AbstrakSalah satu upaya untuk meningkatan hasil padi adalah dengan penanaman varietas hibrida. Saat ini di Indonesia mulai menerapkan teknologi padi hibrida secara komersial. Padi hibrida yang berkembang di Indonesia berasal dari galur-galur tetua hasil introduksi. Biasanya galur-galur tetua introduksi lebih peka terhadap perubahan kondisi lingkungan terutama hama dan penyakit, sehingga hasilnya lebih berfluktuasi dan tidak stabil. Dengan demikian perlu dirakit varietas padi hibrida dengan menggunakan galur padi hasil pemuliaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Padi (Balitpa) yang telah beradaptasi baik di Indonesia. Galur-galur tersebut perlu diidentifikasi sebelum digunakan sebagai tetua padi hibrida dengan cara diuji silang. Selama empat musim, yaitu MH 2000/2001sampai MK 2002, sebanyak 1471 galur diuji silang di Inlitpa Muara, Bogor. Sebanyak 2769 hibrida hasil uji silang dengan 1471 galur tetua teridentifikasi 18,1%, 74,5%, dan 7,1% berturut-turut fertil, parsial fertil atau steril, dan steril. Sebanyak 3,4% tanaman fertil dilanjutkan ke pertanaman observasi daya hasil dan hanya 0,7% tanaman steril yang dilanjutkan ke program silang balik untuk pembentukan galur mandul jantan baru. Sebanyak 16 galur yang teridentifikasi sebagai galur pemulih kesuburan berasal dari keturunan varietas populer IR64 dan IR36. Sementara itu enam galur yang teridentifikasi sebagai galur pelestari mandul jantan berasal dari persilangan Ptb 33 dan IR3043.
Potensi Pohon Kulim (Scorodocarpus borneensis Becc.) di Kelompok Hutan Gelawan Kampar, Riau N. M. Heriyanto; R. Garsetiasih
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v10n1.2004.p37-42

Abstract

AbstractThe potencial study of kulim tree (Scorodocarpus borneensis Becc.) conducted at Gelawan Forest Complex, Kamper District, Riau in April 2001. Square plot of 1 x 1 km (100 ha) was used. Five systematically arranged strips of 1,000 x 20 m were used, where distance between strips was 200 m. Observation were done on seedling, sapling, pole, and tree within each strip. Results indicated that kulim stand was abnormal where more trees were found than number and that of the poles, sapling, and seedling. The stage percentageof tree, pole, sapling, and seedling were 41 (41.84%), (18.37%), 14 (14.28%), and 25 (25.51%), respectively. The potencial kulim log with the diameter 20 cm were 367.287.04 m3 while those of 50 cm were 186.344,16 m3. The use of kulim wood in Kampar District for ship industry and house construction was 23.366 m3/year. This indicated that kulim wood of 50 cm in diameter would be enought for only 8 years to come. Factor affecting the availability of kulim wood were human, over exploitation, no regeneration, physiology forest conversion, and insect pest.AbstrakKajian potensi pohon kulim (Scorodocarpus borneensis Becc.) di kelompok hutan Gelawan, Kabupaten Kampar, Riau, dilakukan pada bulan April 2001. Pengkajian menggunakan satuan contoh berbentuk bujur sangkar dengan ukuran 1 x 1 km (100 ha). Di dalam plot bujur sangkar dibuat lima jalur ukur yang diletakkan secara sistematis dengan jarak antarjalur 200 m, lebar jalur 20 m, panjang 1.000 m, dan pada jalur ini dilakukan pengukuran terhadap semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Jumlah satuan contoh terdiri atas tiga plot. Hasil pengkajian menunjukkan bahwa struktur tegakan kayu kulim sudah tidak normal, hal ini ditunjukkan oleh jumlah pohon yang lebih banyak daripada permudaan. Dari hasil analisis vegetasi diketahui jumlah tegakan kulim di seluruh jalur ukur adalah tingkat pohon 42%, tiang 18%, pancang 14%, dan tingkat semai 26%. Potensi kayu kulim yang berdiameter >20 cm adalah 367.287 m3, sedangkan yang berdiameter >50 cm adalah 186.344 m3. Penggunaan kayu kulim di Kabupaten Kampar untuk keperluan industri perkapalan dan bangunan mencapai 23.366 m3/tahun. Dengan demikian, kayu kulim yang berdiameter >50 cm di hutan alam hanya mampu bertahan sampai 8 tahun. Penyebab kelangkaan kayu kulim di Kabupaten Kampar adalah faktor manusia berupa eksploitasi yang berlebihan tanpa diimbangi dengan regenerasi, selain itu juga faktor fisiologi, konversi hutan, dan banyaknya hama yang merusak/memakan buah kulim.
Genotipe Jagung Efisien Hara P nFN Syafruddin
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v10n1.2004.p17-22

Abstract

AbstractPhosphorus deficiency is one of the most important yieldlimiting factor for maize growing in acid soil of tropical regions. 7he objective of this experiment was to screen maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes for P efficiency in culture solution. The experiment was arranged in a split plol design with three replications. The main plots were P fertilization i.e. 0 (without P), 1.4, 5, 10, 15, and 20 ppm of P, and the sub plots were 22 maize genotypes. The results indicated that both of AMATL- (HS)-C2 and BK-(HS1)-C2-55-1 were efficient in P absorption and utilization. BK-(HS1)-C2-113-1, SATP-1-(C2)-C6-S0, Bisma SATP-2-(S2)-C6-S0, and CML364 genotypes were efficient in P utilization. While BK-(HS)-C2-11-1, BK-(HS)- C2-129-1, AMATL-(S1)-C2-43-1, MRSS-1(S1)-C1-57-1 were efficient in P absorption.Abstrakmasam di daerah tropis adalah defisiensi P. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menapis (screening) 22 genotipe jagung terhadap efisiensi hara P di larutan hara. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan petak terpisah dengan tiga ulangan. Sebagai petak utama adalah konsentrasi P, yaitu 0, 1, 4, 5, 10, 15, dan 20 ppm P dan sebagai anak petak adalah 22 genotipe jagung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan genotipe AMATL-(HS)-C2 dan BK-(HS1)-C2-55-1 efisien dalam penggunaan dan serapan P. Genotipe BK-(HS1)-C2-113-1, SATP-1-(C2)-C6-S0, Bisma, SATP-2-(S2)-C6-S0, dan CML364 efisien dalam penggunaan P. Genotipe BK-(HS)-C2-11-1, BK-(HS)-C2-129-1, AMATL- (S1)-C2-43-1, MRSS-1(Sl)-C1-57-1 efisien dalam serapan P.
Kajian Pemanfaatan Jenis Burung Air di Pantai Utara Indramayu, Jawa Barat Sofian Iskandar; Endang Karlina
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v10n1.2004.p43-48

Abstract

AbstractStudy on a utilization of water birds species in Indramayu coastal area. West Java conducted in August to October 2002. It was recorded 8 species of water birds species during the study, of which the 2 species were migratory birds. Catching the water birds was a substitution job of the villagers to increase the income. Almost all of people at their productive ages catch the birds and sold it to the collector. Those birds can be fried and sold to the market as a food. Two species of water birds were the most popular to catch and consume by people, i.e. segrek/der (Gallirallus striatus), kuntul (Egretta intermedia). It’s necessary to control the catching activity by people, in order to guaranty sustainabe utilization of birds.AbstrakStudi pemanfaatan jenis burung air di pantai utara Indramayu, Jawa Barat dilakukan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober 2002. Berdasarkan hasil pengamatan di lapang tercatat delapan jenis burung air, di mana dua jenis di antaranya merupakan jenis burung migran. Kegiatan menjaring burung merupakan pekerjaan sampingan dari penduduk desa sekitar pantai utara Indramayu, yang pada umumnya bekerja sebagai petani, untuk menambah pendapatan keluarga. Hampir semua masyarakat desa dari kelas usia produktif melakukan kegiatan tersebut dan menjualnya ke penampung. Setelah daging burung digoreng, siap dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Dua jenis burung air yang populer dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat adalah segrek (Gallirallus striatus) dan kuntul (Egretta intermedia). Perlu upaya pengendalian aktivitas masyarakat dalam memanfaatkan potensi jenis burung tersebut, agar pemanfaatan sumber daya fauna tersebut dapat berlangsung secara berkelanjutan.
Eksplorasi Plasma Nutfah Tanaman Pangan di Provinsi Kalimantan Barat Sri Astuti
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v10n1.2004.p23-27

Abstract

AbstractWest Kalimantan is are area of tropical rain forest with high rainfall more than 3600 millimeter per year. Potential areas for food crops are 11,6 million ha, only 1,03 million are effective for agriculture activity and 255.339 ha for intensification based on 57.5-73.8% of which used high yielding varieties and less than 42% used local variety. The varieties planted by the native have specific use and maintained from generation to generation. Many of local cultivar were planted by Dayak tribe in the deepest of West Kalimantan. Exploration on Food Crops was conducted to collect germplasm of paddy and palawija which were conserved and evaluated, and would be used as the source of gene in rice genetic improvement. The result of this exploration from the 7 district were 191 accessions germplasm of the food crops which were 129 accessions paddy consists of 69 accessions of lowland rice, 31 accessions of upland rice, and 29 accessions of tidal swamp rice. About 62 accessions palawija germplasm consist of 3 accessions of corns, 11 accessions of cassava, 17 accessions of sweetpotato, 6 accessions of peanut, 1 accessions of mungbean, 6 accessions of jam, 15 accessions of taro, 2 accessions of cowpea, and 1 accessions of jewawut.AbstrakKalimantan Barat mempunyai iklim hutan tropis dengan curah hujan di atas 3600 mm. Dari 11,6 juta ha lahan yang berpotensi untuk tanaman pangan, baru dimanfaatkan 1,03 juta ha. Dari seluas 235.395 ha areal intensifikasi padi, 58,3% di antaranya telah ditanami varietas unggul dan sisanya varietas lokal. Varietas-varietas lokal yang ditanam penduduk mempunyai karakteristik spesifik, merupakan kebanggaan warga yang turun temurun dipertahankan oleh sukunya. Masih banyak jumlahnya kultivar lokal yang ditanam oleh penduduk suku-suku dayak di pedalaman Kalimantan Barat. Eksplorasi tanaman pangan bertujuan untuk mengumpulkan plasma nutfah padi dan palawija untuk dikonservasi, diberdayakan, dan dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber gen, untuk perbaikan sifat ketahanan dan toleransi terhadap hama dan penyakit dalam program pemuliaan tanaman. Hasil eksplorasi dari 7 kabupaten telah terkumpul sejumlah 191 aksesi plasma nutfah tanaman pangan, yaitu sebanyak 129 aksesi padi terdiri dari 69 aksesi padi sawah, 31 aksesi padi ladang dan 29 aksesi padi pasang surut. Sebanyak 62 plasma nutfah palawija terdiri dari 3 aksesi jagung, 11 aksesi ubi kayu, 17 aksesi ubi jalar, 6 aksesi kacang tanah, 1 aksesi kacang hijau, 6 aksesi ubi kelapa/krimbang, 15 aksesi talas, 2 aksesi kacang tunggak dan 1 aksesi jewawut.
Karakterisasi Plasma Nutfah Mentimun nFN Suryadi; nFN Luthfy; Yenni Kusandriani; nFN Gunawan
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v10n1.2004.p28-31

Abstract

AbstactCaharcterization of Cucumis sativus germplasms was done to get the description of plant character for the breeder to use as “Working Collection” materials which were useful in breeding programme. Characterization was done on 23 accessions of Cucumis sativus germplasm planted at Subang station (100 m asl) during dry season 2003. Twenty seeds of each accession planted in a plot with planting distance of 70 x 40 cm. The description of Cucumis sativus germplasms had been done. Six accessions of Cucumis sativus were selected for Working Collection based on fruits quality and resistance to environmental stresser.AbstrakKarakterisasi plasma nutfah mentimun dilakukan untuk mendapatkan deskripsi sifat untuk dipilih oleh pemulia sebagai bahan “koleksi kerja” yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam program pemuliaan. Karakterisasi dilakukan terhadap 23 aksesi plasma nutfah mentimun yang ditanam di Kebun Percobaan Subang (100 m dpl) pada MK 2003, masing-masing aksesi ditanam 20 biji per petak dengan jarak tanam 70 x 40 cm. Deskripsi plasma nutfah mentimun tersebut dibuat untuk dimanfaatkan dalam upaya mendapatkan kultivar unggul baru. Dari hasil karakterisasi terpilih enam aksesi mentimun sebagai koleksi kerja pemulia berdasarkan kualitas buah dan ketahanan terhadap cekaman lingkungan.
Perbaikan Varietas Padi untuk Lahan Keracunan Fe Tintin Suhartini
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 10, No 1 (2004): Juni
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v10n1.2004.p1-11

Abstract

AbstractThe use of rice varieties tolerant to iron toxicity is an efficient way to deal with low rice production in iron toxicity areas. The varietal improvement activities consisted of evaluation, screening of rice germplasm, bulk population of crossed materials, and introduction. Varietal screening was conducted by direct selection at the iron toxicity areas of +200 ppm Fe content at Tamanbogo, Lampung. Anther culture would speed up breeding activities due to the availability of genetic resources tolerant to Al toxicity which were having high regeneration and callus induction. The character of Fe tolerance was controlled by two or more dominant genes which were epistatic and duplicate genes, additive, dominant and non allelic interaction genes. Selection for Fe tolerance at advanced generation could increase degree of homozygotes, lead to more tolerant genotypes and increase selection effectiveness. From bulk population had been selected tolerant lines in the early generation were some lines of IR64 progeny, promising lines from crossings of introduced IRRI varieties and local varieties. Nine rice varieties released for tidal swamps areas. More than 100 accesions of rice germplasm tolerant to Fe toxicity had been evaluated.AbstrakPenggunaan varietas padi toleran keracunan Fe merupakan cara yang efisien dalam mengatasi rendahnya produksi padi pada lahan keracunan Fe. Perbaikan varietas meliputi evaluasi, skrining plasma nutfah padi, bahan populasi hasil persilangan, dan introduksi. Metode skrining yang dilakukan dengan menyeleksi langsung di lahan dengan kadar Fe tinggi (+200 ppm) di Tamanbogo, Lampung. Sumber keragaman genetik toleran cukup tersedia, sehingga perbaikan varietas untuk tujuan keracunan Fe dapat dilakukan. Metode kultur anter dapat mempercepat siklus pemuliaan, dengan tersedianya bahan genetik toleran Fe yang memiliki daya regenerasi dan induksi kalus yang tinggi. Terdapat dua gen ketahanan atau lebih yang bersifat epistatis atau duplikat gen. Pola pewarisan sifat toleran keracunan Fe dipengaruhi oleh gen aditif, dominan, dan interaksi gen nonalelik. Seleksi pada generasi lanjut dapat meningkatkan derajat homozigositas, terbentuk genotipe dengan derajat toleransi yang tinggi dan meningkatkan efektifitas seleksi. Dari bulk populasi persilangan generasi awal telah diperoleh galur-galur hasil seleksi perbaikan varietas IR64, galur harapan asal persilangan Bogor dan introduksi dari IRRI. Sembilan varietas padi toleran keracunan Fe telah dilepas untuk lahan pasang surut. Evaluasi terhadap plasma nutfah padi menunjukkan lebih dari 100 aksesi toleran keracunan Fe.

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