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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
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Articles 7 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June" : 7 Documents clear
Ekologi Pohon Kluwak/Pakem (Pangium edule Reinw.) di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri, Jawa Timur N. M. Heriyanto; Endro Subiandono
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n1.2008.p33-42

Abstract

The ecological aspects of kluwak/pakem tree (Pangium edule Reinw) were observed at three location namely Pakeman, Sumber Salak and Sumber Gadung, Sub section II of Conservation Regional Office, Ambulu-Meru Betiri National Park, East Java in October-December 2006. Three transect line measuring 20 m x 1000 m were established accrossed the slope in which observation plots were set up by employing purposive random sampling procedure. The result showed that most of Pangium habitat was found in steep area along the river. Association around the kluwak/pakem trees includes besule trees/Chydenanthus excelsus Miers. Important Value Index (IVI) 28.5%, and wining trees/Pterocybium javanicum R. Br. (IVI 20%). However, wining trees was the most closest association with Pangium vegetation. Biophyisical information of the Pangium vegetation were as follows: 24-30oC daily temperature, 50-80% humidity, 10-65% slope, and 15-306 m altitude. The soil is Latosol with pH 5.5-6.5. Harvesting of fruit of Pangium trees by community surrounding the forest had no negative impact to the trees but this activity should be managed accordingly to avoid disturbing tree generation. AbstrakPenelitian dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2006 di blok Pakeman, blok Sumber Salak, dan blok Sumber Gadung Subseksi II Ambulu, Taman Nasional Meru Betiri, Jawa Timur, untuk mengetahui beberapa aspek ekologi pohon kluwak/pakem (Pangium edule Reinw.). Pengumpulan data menggunakan metode pengukuran pada jalur berpetak dengan lebar jalur 20 m dan panjang 1.000 m, jalur memotong lereng dan jumlah jalur pengamatan 3 jalur. Petak-petak penelitian ditetapkan secara sengaja dengan metode purposive sampling, di mana pengukuran dilakukan pada tempat-tempat yang terdapat pohon kluwak/pakem. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa habitat kluwak/pakem di Taman Nasional Meru Betiri banyak dijumpai di sepanjang pinggiran aliran air dan topografi agak curam. Komposisi vegetasi di sekitar pohon kluwak/pakem banyak dijumpai jenis besule (Chydenanthus excelsus Miers) dengan Indeks Nilai Penting (INP) 28,5% dan wining (Pterocybium javanicum R. Br.) dengan INP 20%. Lingkungan fisik yang berkaitan erat dengan kluwak/pakem adalah suhu antara 24-30oC, kelembaban udara 50-80%, kemiringan lahan 10-65%, dan ketinggian tempat di atas permukaan laut 15-306 m. Jenis tanah Latosol dengan tekstur geluh lempungan dengan pH 5,5-6,5. Wining merupakan jenis tumbuhan yang mempunyai asosiasi kuat dengan kluwak/pakem, yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai Indeks Ochiai mendekati nilai satu dan di lapang ditemukan secara bersama-sama dengan pohon kluwak/pakem. Pemanenan buah kluwak/pakem oleh masyarakat tidak berpengaruh buruk pada pohonnya, namun perlu dikelola dengan baik agar tidak mengganggu regenerasi.
Peranan dan Dominasi Varietas Unggul Baru dalam Peningkatan Produksi Padi di Jawa Barat Indah Nurhati; S. Ramdhaniati; N. Zuraida
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n1.2008.p8-13

Abstract

New released variety as a technology component contributed most to increased rice production. So far, in Indonesia have been released 184 varieties of rice included introduced variety from IRRI. In West Java, up to 2002, IR64 variety still dominated 42% area of lowland rice, followed by Way Apo Buru variety 19.1%, Ciherang 12.7%, Widas 6.9%, Cilamaya Muncul 2.3%, Memberamo 2.2%, and Cisadane 1.8%. Since 2004, Ciherang variety gradually replaced IR64. Several releaseed varieties such as Cigeulis, Situ Bagendit, and Mekongga started to be grown and widely accepted by farmer in Subang, Indramayu, Purwakarta, Cianjur, and Tasikmalaya. Rice productivity under lowland rice in West Java for the last five years is 5.31 t/ha and the lowest productivity was 5.15 t/ha achieved in year 2001 and the highest productivity was 5.50 t/ha in year 2003. AbstrakVarietas unggul baru merupakan komponen teknologi yang memberikan kontribusi terbesar terhadap peningkatan produksi padi. Hingga tahun 2004 Indonesia telah melepas 184 varietas unggul padi, termasuk varietas introduksi dari IRRI. Di Jawa Barat hingga tahun 2002, varietas IR64 masih mendominasi 42% areal pertanaman padi sawah, kemudian diikuti oleh varietas Way Apo Buru 19,1%, Ciherang 12,7%, Widas 6,9%, Cilamaya Muncul 2,3%, Memberamo 2,2%, dan Cisadane 1,8%. Pada tahun 2004, varietas Ciherang menggeser dominasi varietas IR64 dan terus berlanjut sampai saat ini. Beberapa varietas unggul yang baru dilepas seperti Cigeulis, Situ Bagendit, dan Mekongga mulai diminati petani dan berkembang di Kabupaten Subang, Indramayu, Purwakarta, Cianjur, dan Tasikmalaya. Produktivitas padi sawah di Jawa Barat selama lima tahun terakhir rata-rata 5,31 t/ha dengan produktivitas terendah 5,15 t/ha pada tahun 2001 dan tertinggi 5,50 t/ha pada tahun 2003.
Perilaku Burung Beo Alor di Penangkaran Oilsonbai, Nusa Tenggara Timur Mariana Takandjandji; Matilde Mite
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n1.2008.p43-48

Abstract

Myna bird (Gracula religiosa mertensi Rensch 1928) is one of the natural resources richness of the Alor Island in East Nusa Tenggara. The bird has an important source of economic values of the local people. However, the bird population rapidly decreases each year. Today, the bird is hardly found in the native habitat. Therefore, the conservations of the bird and its habitat are highly needed. The objective of this study was to determine the behaviour of Alor’s Myna in captivity breeding of Oilsonbai, East Nusa Tenggara, and to establish the breeding system in line with the ex situ conservation program. The study was using four birds. The daily behaviour of bird is the main parameter concerned in this study. The results showed that there were identified 13 daily activities of the Myna, and can be classified into three main behaviours. The main bird behaviours were motionless, movements, and ingested. The motionless behaviours include rest, stationary, and action of drying in the sun. The activities of movements were going through certain activities, walking, climbing, visiting, flying, cleanliness of the body/mopping up activities, hanging on to the wire, and whistling. The ingested actions cover food consuming, drinking, defecation, and urinate. The analysis showed that frequency averages the movement’s behaviour about 472 times with activities average 67 times/ head/day, whereas average relative frequency about 8.2%. Frequency averages behaviour of bird ingested are 344 times with activities average 49.2 times/head/day, and average relative frequency about 6.1%. Frequency averages motionless behaviour were around 340 times with activities average 49 times/head/day and average relative frequency about 6%. AbstrakBurung beo Alor (Gracula religiosa mertensi Rensch 1928), merupakan salah satu sumber Daya alam Nusa Tenggara Timur. Burung ini mempunyai nilai ekonomi yang penting bagi masyarakat lokal. Namun populasinya telah menurun, sehingga saat ini sulit ditemukan di habitat alamnya. Oleh karena itu, pelestariannya perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perilaku burung beo Alor di penangkaran guna menentukan sistem penangkaran yang sesuai dengan program konservasi ex situ. Pengamatan menggunakan empat ekor burung beo Alor. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan burung beo Alor di penangkaran Oilsonbai memiliki 13 macam aktivitas harian yang digolongkan ke dalam tiga perilaku utama, yaitu perilaku diam, bergerak, dan ingestif. Perilaku diam adalah istirahat, stasioner, berjemur. Perilaku bergerak adalah jalan, memanjat, mendatangi, terbang, membersihkan diri, menggelantung, dan bersuara. Perilaku ingestif adalah makan, minum, defekasi, dan urinasi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan rata-rata frekuensi pada perilaku bergerak adalah 472 kali dengan rata-rata aktivitas 67 kali/ekor/hari, dan rata-rata frekuensi relatif 8,2%. Rata-rata frekuensi pada perilaku ingestif adalah 344 kali dengan rata-rata aktivitas 49 kali/ekor/hari, dan frekuensi relatif 6,1%. Rata-rata frekuensi perilaku diam adalah 340 kali dengan rata-rata aktivitas 49 kali/ekor/hari, dan frekuensi relatif 6%.
Ragam Karakter Morfologi Kulit Biji Beberapa Genotipe Plasma Nutfah Kedelai Ayda Krisnawati; M. M. Adie
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n1.2008.p14-18

Abstract

Identification of morphological characters of soybean seed coat can be beneficial for industrial purposes and also important to enhance the seed quality genetically. The aims of the experiment were to identify the seed coat morphology of several soybean germplasm and to group them based on their seed coat morphological character. A total of 25 Balitkabi’s soybean germplasm were identified in Laboratory of Plant Breeding, Balitkabi and Laboratory of Biology, Malang University, from June until August 2005. The completely randomized design was used with three replications. Parameter measured include the thickness of seed coat layer and rate of imbibition. Cluster analysis was used to determine the index similarity of 25 soybean germplasms based on seed coat characters included epidermis, hypodermis, and parenchyma. The results shows that epidermis, hypodermis and parenchyma layer have mean of 0.051 mm, 0.160 mm, and 0.152 m, respectively. Imbibition’s rate ranged from 0.29-0.54% per hour. Cluster analysis was successfully clustering soybean genotypes into five groups, i.e. group with thin hypodermis layer, thin parenchyma, thick parenchyma, thick epidermis and hypodermis, and thinner parenchyma. AbstrakIdentifikasi karakter morfologi kulit biji kedelai tidak hanya bermanfaat untuk industri, namun juga penting untuk peningkatan mutu benih secara genetik. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi morfologi kulit biji beberapa genotipe plasma nutfah kedelai dan mengelompokkan berdasarkan karakter morfologi kulit biji. Bahan penelitian adalah 25 genotipe plasma nutfah kedelai yang dikoleksi oleh Balitkabi. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Pemuliaan Balitkabi dan Laboratorium Biologi FMIPA Universitas Negeri Malang, pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2005. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap, dengan tiga ulangan. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap ketebalan lapisan epidermis, hipodermis, parenkim, dan laju imbibisi. Sidik gerombol digunakan untuk menilai derajat kemiripan 25 genotipe kedelai berdasarkan karakter kulit biji (epidermis, hipodermis, dan parenkim). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lapisan epidermis, hipodermis, dan parenkim 25 genotipe kedelai masing-masing mempunyai ketebalan ratarata 0,051 mm, 0,160 mm, dan 0,152 mm. Kecepatan imbibisi berkisar antara 0,29-0,54%/jam. Sidik gerombol berhasil mengelompokkan 25 genotipe kedelai menjadi lima kelompok, yaitu kelompok genotipe yang memiliki lapisan hipodermis tipis, lapisan parenkim tipis, lapisan parenkim tebal, lapisan epidermis, hipodermis tebal, dan genotipe dengan lapisan parenkim yang lebih tipis.
Analisis Stabilitas Hasil Ubi 27 Genotipe Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus L. Urban) di Jatinangor Jawa Barat Berdasarkan Model AMMI Sosiawan Nusifera; Agung Kurniawan
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n1.2008.p19-25

Abstract

Research aimed at estimating yield stability of 27 yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus L. Urban) genotypes in Jatinangor was conducted at dry and rain seasons at the experimental station of Faculty of Agriculture Unpad, Jatinangor. Field trials at dry season was started from February to August 2006 and at rain season started from November 2006 to May 2007. Field plot consisted of four sets arranged in Randomized Block Design with 27 genotypes collected from various Indonesia regions and its ancestor from Central and South America as treatment and replicated twice. The four field trial sets were differed based on season and reproductive pruning treatment and considered as four different environment. Character observed was tuber weight per plant (g). Data was analysed with AMMI (additive main effect and multiplicative interaction). Result indicated that B-23/EC040 was highest yielding genotype, but less stable. In contrast, B-33/J, B-26/NS, B-10/EC550, and B-94/ENT were moderate yielded but had higher level of stability. Environment IV (rain season; pruning) was good environment where genotypic variation seemed more consistent with B-23/EC040 as best genotype. Best genotype in discriminating environment (I) was B-55/CJ, and in environment II was B-80/ENT. Whereas in Less discriminating environment III, B-15/EC104 was the best genotypeAbstrakPenelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui stabilitas hasil dari 27 genotipe bengkuang (Pachyrhizus erosus L. Urban) telah dilakukan pada musim kemarau dan musim hujan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Unpad, Jatinangor. Percobaan pada musim kemarau berlangsung sejak Februari-Agustus 2006 dan percobaan pada musim hujan berlangsung sejak November 2006-Mei 2007. Percobaan terdiri atas empat set, masing-masing disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan 27 genotipe bengkuang yang dikoleksi dari berbagai wilayah Indonesia dan genotipe leluhurnya dari Amerika Tengah dan Selatan sebagai perlakuan dan diulang dua kali. Empat set percobaan tersebut dibedakan berdasarkan kombinasi musim dan perlakuan pemangkasan sink reproduktif, atau representasi dari empat lingkungan yang berbeda. Karakter yang diamati adalah bobot ubi per tanaman. Data dianalisis dengan model AMMI (additive main effect and multiplicative interaction). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan B-23/EC040 adalah genotipe berdaya hasil tertinggi, namun kurang stabil. Sebaliknya, B-33/J, B-26/NS, B-10/EC550, dan B-94/ENT adalah genotipe dengan hasil di atas rata-rata namun memiliki stabilitas yang lebih tinggi. Lingkungan IV (musim hujan dengan pemangkasan) adalah lingkungan baik di mana variasi genotipe terlihat lebih konsisten dengan B-23/EC040 sebagai genotipe terbaik. Genotipe terbaik pada lingkungan I adalah B-55/CJ, pada lingkungan II B-80/ENT, dan pada lingkungan III B-15/EC104.
Hasil Persilangan dan Pertumbuhan Beberapa Genotipe Salak Sri Hadiati; Agung Susiloadi; Tri Budiyanti
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n1.2008.p26-32

Abstract

The objective of this research were to form breeding populations of salacca resulted from crossing of some sallaca genotypes and to know their growth at tropical seedling phase. The research was conducted at Indonesian Tropical Fruit Research Institute in January-December 2003. The crossing process was done at Padang Sidempuan, Solok, Bogor, and Yogyakarta. Material breeding consisted of female parents, namely: Sidempuan, Pondoh, and Mawar salacca, and as male parents, namely: Mawar, Sanjung Pondoh, Java, Affinis, and Sidempuan salacca. Their seeds were germinated in Solok until ready to be transplanted in the field. To know the growth of seedlings, the experiment was arranged in Block Randomized Design, 19 treatments (19 genotypes) and three replications. The result showed that percentage of crossing successfulness and percentage of growth were varied, i.e. 21.8-59.1% and 3.6- 98.4% respectively.The genotypes which were from S. Sumatrana (Sidempuan salacca) in general had bigger plant size (i.e. plant height, peduncle length, and tip leaves blade width), but their leaf number were less than the other genotypes. The growth of some salacca genotypes in the nursery can be used to estimate their growth in the field. AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan untuk membentuk populasi pemuliaan salak hasil persilangan dari beberapa genotipe dan mengetahui respon pertumbuhan persilangan tersebut selama di pembibitan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Buah Tropika, Solok, pada bulan Januari-Desember 2003. Persilangan dilakukan di Padang Sidempuan, Solok, Bogor, dan Yogyakarta. Tetua betina yang digunakan adalah salak Sidempuan Putih dan Merah, Pondoh, Mawar, dan tetua jantan adalah salak Mawar, Sanjung Pondoh, Jawa, Affinis, dan Sidempuan. Biji-biji hasil persilangan tersebut dikecambahkan dan dipelihara di Solok sampai siap tanam di lapang. Untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bibit selama di pembibitan rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan 19 perlakuan (genotipe) dan diulang tiga kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persentase silangan jadi dan persentase tumbuh genotipe yang diamati berkisar antara 21,8-59,1% dan 3,6-98,4%. Genotipe yang berasal dari S. sumatrana (salak Sidempuan) mempunyai ukuran tanaman yang lebih besar (tinggi tanaman, panjang tangkai, dan lebar pucuk anak daun), tetapi jumlah daunnya relatif sedikit dibandingkan dengan genotipe lainnya. Pertumbuhan beberapa genotipe salak selama di pembibitan ini diharapkan dapat digunakan untuk mengestimasi pertumbuhan tanaman salak di lapang.
Karakterisasi dan Seleksi 139 Galur Kentang Redy Gaswanto; nFN Kusmana
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 14, No 1 (2008): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v14n1.2008.p1-7

Abstract

Characterization and Selection of 139 Potato Lines. One of the ways of increasing genetic variability in potato is interspecific hybridization to obtain new potato lines. This lines should then be characterized and used to obtain new breeding materials for potato breeding program. A total of 139 potato lines were planted at Cibodas-Lembang (1,300 m asl), from June 2004 to October 2004 without replication with population number of 5 plants per line. The result showed that (1) Generally the planted lines were round tuber shape (61.9%), yellow skin (98.6%), shallow eyes (71.2%), and light tuber weight per plant (89.2%); (2) 18 potato lines were selected as new breeding materials (13%). AbstrakSalah satu cara untuk menciptakan keragaman genetik pada tanaman kentang adalah melalui hibridisasi antarspesies. Selanjutnya dilakukan karakterisasi galur yang dihasilkan. Diharapkan hasil karakterisasi dapat digunakan sebagai materi dalam perakitan varietas baru. Penanaman galur kentang hasil hibridisasi dilakukan di Cibodas, Lembang (1.300 m dpl), pada bulan Juni-Oktober 2004. Jumlah materi yang ditanam sebanyak 139 galur kentang, tanpa ulangan, dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak lima tanaman per galur. Hasil karakterisasi menunjukkan bahwa (1) secara umum galur yang ditanam mempunyai umbi berbentuk bulat (61,9%), berwarna kuning (98,6%), mata dangkal (71,2%), dan bobot umbi ringan (89,2%); (2) sebanyak 18 galur (13%) terpilih untuk digunakan sebagai materi pemuliaan lebih lanjut.

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