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Buletin Plasma Nutfah
Published by Kementerian Pertanian
ISSN : 14104377     EISSN : 25491393     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by The Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), The Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. This peer-refereed journal covering the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation, of all kinds of genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes. Manuscripts submitted to this journal are those that have never been published in other journals. This journal is published in one volume of two issues per year (June and December). We invite authors to submit the manuscripts to this journal in English or Indonesian. Detail information about the journal, including author guidelines and manuscript template, is available on the website (http://ejurnal.litbang.pertanian.go.id/index.php/bpn). The manuscript should be submitted electronically through our submission system. Buletin Plasma Nutfah (BPN) is an open access scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development (ICABIOGRAD), Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development (IAARD), Ministry of Agriculture. BPN Accredited by Ministry of Research, Technology and Higher Education of the Republic of Indonesia (No. 21/E/KPTP/2018) for period of 2016-2020. This peer-refereed journal covers the area of genetic resources including exploration, characterization, evaluation, conservation, diversity, traditional knowledge, management and policy / regulation related to genetic resources: plants, animals, fishes, insects and microbes which has never been published in other Journal
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Search results for , issue "Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June" : 7 Documents clear
Evaluasi Ketahanan Populasi Haploid Ganda Silangan IR64 dan Oryza rufipogon terhadap Hawar Daun Bakteri pada Stadia Bibit Triny S. Kadir; Ida Hanarida; Dwinita W. Utami; S. Koerniati; A. D. Ambarwati; A. Apriana; A. Sisharmini
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p13-19

Abstract

Evaluation of resistance of double haploid population of crosses between IR64 and Oryza rufipogon against Bacterial Leaf Blight (BLB) at seedling stage was conducted during dry season 2005/2006 in the screen house, at Rice Centre Research at Sukamandi. Inoculum was prepared by isolating BLB infected leaf in laboratory using Wakimoto’s media. Seeds were germinated in petri dish for 48 hours, and then were sown in the plastic boxes size of 40 cm x 30 cm, each family was planted in 10 cm long row. TN1, IRBB, Code, Angke, dan O. rufipogon were used as control. Leaf inoculation of isolates of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (XOO) ras III, IV, and VIII with concentration of 108 cell/ml, were applied to the plants at 18-21 day old plants by cutting method. Fertilizer application as recommended. Pest and weed control were based on necessity. Observation of disease severity was carried out after a sensitive control, TN1, was a severely affected. Observation method based on SES IRRI (1996) which are 1 for plant showed 0-3% of leaf damage, 2(4-6%), 3(7-12%), 4(13-25%), 5(26-50%), 6(51-75%), 7(7-87%), 8(88-94%), and 9 for plant with 95-100% of leaf damage. Result showed that Bio50-ACBlas/ BLB03, Bio59-AC-BLB05 and Bio67-AC-BLB05 lines were resistant to phato-type III, 11 lines showed moderate resistant to phato-type IV, and Bio46-AC-Blas/BLB03, Bio47- AC-BLB05, and Bio48-AC-BLB05 lines were resistant to phato-type VIII. Apart of those, there were 2 lines, Bio38-ACBLB05, and Bio63-AC-Blas/BLB03 showed moderately resistance to three phatotypes tested. AbstrakEvaluasi ketahanan populasi haploid ganda silangan IR64 dan Oryza rufipogon terhadap hawar daun bakteri (HDB) pada stadia bibit telah dilakukan pada MK 2005/2006 di rumah kaca Balai Besar Penelitian Tanaman Padi, Sukamandi. Penyiapan inokulum dilaksanakan dengan mengisolasi daun yang terinfeksi HDB di laboratorium dengan menggunakan media Wakimoto. Tanaman dikecambahkan dalam petri selama 48 jam, kemudian ditanam dalam kotak plastik berukuran 40 cm x 30 cm. Tiap tanaman ditanam sepanjang 10 cm. Tanaman TN1, IRBB, Code, Angke, dan O. rufipogon, dipakai sebagai pembanding. Inokulasi dilakukan dengan konsentrasi 108 cell/ ml, dengan isolat Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) ras III, IV, dan VIII, pada umur 18-21 hari setelah sebar dengan cara digunting. Pemupukan dilakukan sesuai rekomendasi. Pengelolaan hama dan gulma dilaksanakan berdasarkan keadaan. Metode pengamatan menggunakan SES IRRI (1996). Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan, galur yang tahan terhadap HDB ras III ialah Bio50-AC-Blas/BLB03, Bio59-AC-BLB05, dan Bio67-AC-BLB05. Untuk ras IV, terdapat 11 galur yang menunjukkan ketahanan moderat (agak tahan). Untuk ras VIII galur Bio46-AC-Blas/BLB03, Bio47-AC-BLB05, dan Bio48- AC-BLB05 bereaksi tahan. Galur Bio38-AC-BLB05 dan Bio63-AC-Blas/BLB03 agak tahan terhadap ketiga ras HDB.
Kajian Tumbuhan Obat Akar Kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) di Kelompok Hutan Gelawan, Kabupaten Kampar, Riau Endro Subiandono; N. M. Heriyanto
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p43-48

Abstract

The study of akar kuning species (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) in Gelawan Forest Complex, Kampar District, Riau, was conducted in April 2005. This research used square plot measuring 1 km x 1 km (100 ha), in square plot made 5 systematicly line transect covering an area 1,000 m length and 20 m width distance between line transect 200 m. Each square plot was divided into sub plot to measure seedling, sampling, pole, and tree. Replications used two sample plots. The result of vegetation analysis, wide plot of 20 ha, with diversity index of tree, pole, sampling and seedling in habitat A. flava is 2.98, 3.57, 2.86, and 3.10. Each nineteen species included 28 individual crept by 33 individu of A. flava or density 1.65 individu/ha. Moreover, the density of A. flava with the average diameter and length was 4.84 cm and 17.18 m. Tree density that have diameter bigger than 20 was 98.65 individual per hectare. The species that closely associated with A. flava was Palaquium hexandrum Engl., Dyera costulata Hook.f., Dipterocarpus costulasus V.Sl. and Campnosperma auriculata Hook.f., in which association index was about 0.43, 0.31, 0.21, and 0.21. Domination of tree species with important value index/IVI above 15% at this habitat was: D. costulasus, Shorea parvifolia Dyer, P. hexandrum, C. auriculata and D. costulata. AbstrakKajian tumbuhan obat akar kuning (Arcangelisia flava Merr.) di kelompok hutan Gelawan, Kabupaten Kampar, Riau, dilakukan pada bulan April 2005. Penelitian ini menggunakan satuan contoh berbentuk bujur sangkar dengan ukuran 1 km x 1 km (100 ha). Di dalam plot bujur sangkar dibuat 5 jalur ukur yang diletakkan secara sistematik dengan jarak antarjalur 200 m, lebar jalur 20 m panjang 1.000 m dan pada jalur ini dilakukan pengukuran semai, pancang, tiang, dan pohon. Jumlah satuan contoh dua buah plot. Hasil analisis vegetasi pada luas plot 20 ha, nilai indeks keanekaragaman jenis tingkat pohon, tiang, pancang, dan semai di habitat akar kuning masing-masing adalah 2,98; 3,57; 2,86; dan 3,10. Ditemukan 19 jenis pohon berjumlah 28 individu yang dirambati oleh 33 batang akar kuning atau kepadatan 1,65 individu/ha berdiameter dan panjang rata-rata, yaitu sebesar 4,84 cm dan 17,18 m. Kerapatan pohon berdiameter lebih besar dari 20 cm di lokasi penelitian, yaitu sebesar 98,65 individu per hektar. Jenis balam berasosiasi dengan akar kuning paling erat (indeks asosiasi 0,43), kemudian diikuti oleh jelutung (0,31), keruing, dan terentang masing-masing sebesar 0,21. Tegakan yang mendominasi pada lokasi penelitian dengan INP di atas 15% dalam habitat akar kuning untuk tingkat pohon, yaitu keruing (Dipterocarpus costulasus V.sl.), meranti (Shorea parvifolia Dyer), balam (Palaquium hexandrum Engl.), terentang (Campnosperma auriculata Hook.f.), dan jelutung (Dyera costulata Hook.f.).
Respon Beberapa Genotipe Kacang Tanah terhadap Penyakit Layu Bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum) di Rumah Kaca Yadi Suryadi; Sri A. Rais
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p20-26

Abstract

The objective of the study was to evaluate resistance response of groundnut genotypes against bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum) in the green house of Biochemistry Department, ICABIOGRAD, Bogor. Ralstonia solanacearum isolate was obtained from groundnut plant showing wilt symptom, collected from Karadenan village (Cibinong). Preparation of bacterial RS inoculum was done using SP (sucrose peptone) medium. Groundnut plants were inoculated by RS isolate using inoculum capacity of 107 cfu/ml. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) consisted of seven treatments with four replications, whilst Tupai and Kelinci genotypes were used as resistant and susceptible control check, respectively. The result indicated that groundnut genotypes i.e. ICGV 88262, Local Sindangbarang, PI 203395, ICG 10067, and ICG 3400, showed resistant response against bacterial wilt causing wilt damage of <20%. Bacterial wilt disease could affect reductions of some groundnut phenotypic character. The plant height of resistant groundnut showed relatively tall than that of Kelinci. In addition, it showed the lowest healthy pod yield among the genotypes tested. AbstrakPenelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari tingkat ketahanan genotipe kacang tanah terhadap penyakit layu bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum) di rumah kaca Kelompok Peneliti Biokimia BB-Biogen. Isolat R. solanacearum diperoleh dari tanaman kacang tanah yang menunjukkan gejala layu dari Desa Karadenan (Cibinong). Penyiapan dan penyediaan inokulum bakteri R. solanacearum menggunakan media SP (sukrose pepton). Tanaman kacang tanah diinokulasi dengan isolat R. solanacearum dengan kerapatan koloni 107 cfu/ml. Penelitian disusun menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok dengan tujuh perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Untuk pembanding tahan dan rentan masing-masing digunakan genotipe Tupai dan Kelinci. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa genotipe ICGV 88262, lokal Sindangbarang, PI 203395, ICG 10067, dan ICG 3400 tahan terhadap penyakit layu bakteri dengan nilai kerusakan <20%. Penyakit layu bakteri berpengaruh terhadap penurunan beberapa karakter fenotipik kacang tanah, di mana tanaman genotipe kacang tanah tahan PLB relatif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan genotipe Kelinci. Polong bernas Kelinci paling sedikit di antara semua genotipe uji.
Identifikasi Ketahanan Sumber Daya Genetik Kedelai terhadap Hama Pengisap Polong nFN Asadi
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p27-31

Abstract

Pod sucking bugs are the main insects pest that affect both yield quality and quantity of soybean seriously. There are three kinds of insect pest ie: Riptortus linearis (F), Nezara viridula (L), and Piezodorus rubrofasciatus. The soybean plants were mainly attacked by insects during seed and pod development decreased yield up to 79%. To identify soybean germplasm resistant to pod sucking bugs for breeding base material, 100 accessions of soybean germplasm were tested in Bogor Experimental Station during the wet season 2003. Each accession was planted in 2 m x 3 m plot with 40 cm x 15 cm plant spacing. There was no pest control during flowering stage until pod maturing stage. Data collected were population of each pod suckers bugs, percentage of seed and pods damage. The accessions with 0-20% of seed damage (score 1) were selected as the resistant genotypes. The result showed that among three kinds pod suckers, population of Riptortus linearis was higher then others. It was found nearly in each plot with different insect incident (score 1-4). Based on seeds and pods damage symptom, there were identified 17 accessions resistant to pod suckers. The lowest seed and pod damage caused by the insect were found in TGM 131-1-1-1B and GM425 Si accessions. The selected accessions were suggested to be used as parent materials for future breeding program. AbstrakHama pengisap polong merupakan hama penting yang dapat mengakibatkan penurunan hasil kedelai secara signifikan. Ada tiga jenis hama pengisap polong yang sering ditemukan menyerang pertanaman kedelai, yaitu Riptortus linearis (F), Nezara viridula (L), dan Piezodorus rubrofasciatus. Hama tersebut menyerang pertanaman kedelai selama stadia pengisian biji hingga menjelang polong masak. Serangan hama pengisap polong dapat menurunkan hasil kedelai hingga 79%. Sumber daya genetik (plasma nufah) kedelai tahan hama pengisap polong sangat diperlukan sebagai bahan dasar pemuliaan. Sebanyak 100 aksesi plasma nutfah kedelai telah diuji ketahanannya di Kebun Percobaan Cikeumeuh, Bogor, pada MH 2003. Setiap aksesi ditanam pada petakan berukuran 2 m x 3 m dengan jarak 40 cm x 15 cm. Mulai dari stadia pembungaan hingga polong masak tidak dilakukan penyemprotan hama. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap populasi ketiga jenis hama pengisap polong, skor ketahanan/persentase biji, dan polong terserang. Aksesi dengan persentase biji terserang (skor 1) digolongkan pada aksesi tahan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, dari ketiga jenis hama pengisap polong, R. linearis ditemukan paling banyak, hampir pada setiap petak pengujian dengan tingkat serangan yang berbeda. Berdasarkan skor gejala kerusakan pada biji dan polong telah diidentifikasi 17 aksesi plasma nutfah kedelai yang tergolong tahan terhadap hama pengisap polong. Persentase biji dan polong rusak terendah ditemukan pada aksesi TGM 131-1-1-1B dan GM425Si. Kedua aksesi tersebut dapat digunakan sebagai sumber tetua persilangan dalam program pemuliaan untuk ketahanan terhadap hama pengisap polong.
Pengelompokan Plasma Nutfah Gandum (Triticum aestivum) Berdasarkan Karakter Kuantitatif Tanaman Mamik Setyowati; Ida Hanarida; nFN Sutoro
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p32-37

Abstract

Clustering of the 65 accessions of wheat have been done based on the quantitave plant characters. The purpose of this study was to identify genetic resources of wheat for breeding programs. Result of the analysis showed that there are 6 clusters. Two of those clusters have short maturiy and high yielding potential. Cluster of accessions having which is short maturity and moderately short plant, 1.000 seeds weight, maximum number of tiller, number of productive tiller, panicle length, exertion length have 12 accessions. While cluster with high potential production, shot panicle and moderate quantitative characters consists of 13 accessions. Therefore, those two clusters could be used as genetic resources for short maturiy and high yield characters of wheat. AbstrakTelah dilakukan pengelompokan 65 aksesi plasma nutfah gandum berdasarkan karakter kuantitatif. Ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi sumber gen untuk perakitan varietas unggul gandum. Hasil analisis gerombol dengan menggunakan peubah kuantitatif diperoleh 6 kelompok aksesi. Dua kelompok di antaranya memiliki karakteristik umur panen cepat dan potensi hasil tinggi. Kelompok aksesi yang memiliki umur panen cepat dan tinggi tanaman pendek, berat 1.000 butir, jumlah anakan maksimum, jumlah anakan produktif, panjang malai dan panjang tangkai malai rata-ratanya sedang terdapat 12 aksesi. Kelompok aksesi yang memiliki potensi hasil tinggi dengan malai pendek serta sifat kuantitatif lainnya sedang terdapat 13 aksesi. Oleh karena itu, untuk kedua kelompok tersebut dapat dijadikan sebagai sumber gen tanaman gandum berumur pendek dan berpotensi hasil tinggi.
Karakterisasi Galur Haploid Ganda Hasil Kultur Antera Padi Iswari S. Dewi; Ari C. Trilaksana; Tri Koesoemaningtyas; Bambang S. Purwoko
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p1-12

Abstract

New genetic variation in rice can be obtained by crossing between subspecies of rice (Indica, Japonica, and Javanica). Variability is a must in breeding materials. The objectives of this research were to evaluate morphological and agronomical characters of doubled-haploid lines derived from anther culture of F1 and to determine maternal effect from reciprocal crosses. The materials used in the experiment were 144 haploid lines derived from anther culture of F1 obtained from reciprocal crossing between Asemandi/Taipei 309 and Taipei 309/ Asemandi. Asemandi belongs to O. sativa subspecies Javanica, whilst Taipei 309 is subspecies Japonica. Evaluation on morphological and agronomical characters was based on Standard Evaluation System for Rice from IRRI. The results indicated that agronomical characters between haploid lines were varied, but individuals in lines were similar as shown by all morphological and agronomical characters. New characters were also found in leaf and stem angle, awn existence, awn length, awn color, panicle type and exertion, axis type, secondary branch of panicle, and grain type. Maternal effect could be seen only in booting stage, number of sterile tillers and percentage of fertile tillers. Based on number of fertile tillers, number of fertile spikelets, fertility, weight of 100 grains and yield/plant, A/T 12, A/T 57, A/T 200, A/T 274, A/T 282, A/T 321, A/T 333, A/T 348, A/T 399, A/T 75a, and T/A 258 were potential lines to be further selected. AbstrakVariasi genetik yang baru pada padi dapat diperoleh dengan persilangan antar subspesies (Indica, Japonica, dan Javanica). Keragaman merupakan keharusan dalam materi pemuliaan. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah mengevaluasi karakter morfologi dan agronomi generasi awal galur-galur padi haploid ganda yang dihasilkan melalui kultur antera dan memeriksa pengaruh maternal yang mungkin terjadi dari persilangan resiprok. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini ialah 144 galur haploid ganda yang dihasilkan melalui kultur antera F1 dari persilangan resiprok antara Asemandi/Taipei 309 dan Taipei 309/Asemandi. Asemandi merupakan padi subspesies Javanica, sedangkan Taipei 309 merupakan subspesies Japonica. Evaluasi terhadap karakter morfologi dan agronomi dilakukan berdasarkan Standard Evaluation System for Rice dari IRRI. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa karakter antargalur haploid ganda bervariasi. Namun secara individu di dalam galur tetap serupa, sebagaimana ditunjukkan oleh semua karakter yang diamati. Karakter morfologi yang baru ditemukan pada sudut daun dan batang, keberadaan bulu, panjang bulu, warna bulu, tipe dan eksersi panikel, tipe aksis, cabang sekunder panikel, dan bentuk biji. Pengaruh maternal hanya tampak pada umur bunting, jumlah anakan tidak produktif, dan persentase anakan produktif. Berdasarkan jumlah anakan produktif, jumlah gabah isi/malai, fertilitas, bobot 100 butir, dan hasil/tanaman, maka galur dengan kode A/T 12, A/T 57, A/T 200, A/T 274, A/T 282, A/T 321, A/T 333, A/T 348, A/T 399, A/T 75a, dan T/A 258 sangat potensial untuk diseleksi lebih lanjut.
Genotypic Differences between Indonesian Accessions of Wild Cowpea (Vigna vexillata) and Related Vigna Species Based on Morpho-agronomic Traits Agung Karuniawan; M. L. Widiastuti; T. Suganda; B. L. Visser
Buletin Plasma Nutfah Vol 15, No 1 (2009): June
Publisher : Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21082/blpn.v15n1.2009.p38-42

Abstract

Penelitin in bertujuan untuk menguji perbedaan genotipe berdasarkan karakter morfo-agronomi di antara aksesi &lsquo;wild cowpea&rsquo; (Vigna vexillata) dan kerabatnya dalam genus Vigna. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran Bandung di Sumedang, Jawa Barat, mulai dari Oktober 2005 sampai Maret 2006. Pengujian meliputi 16 genotipe dengan dua ulangan dalam rancangan acak kelompok. Setiap genotipe ditumbuhkan dalam satu baris tanam sepanjang 6 m. Terdapat variasi yang luas dalam karakter morfo-agronomi di antara genotipe yang diuji. Analisis keragaman menunjukkan bahwa untuk beberapa karakter, aksesi V. vexillata serupa dengan kerabatnya dalam genus Vigna. Namun, beberapa tipe V. vexillata budi daya asal Bali menunjukkan hubungan yang jauh dengan kerabat liarnya asal Afrika. AbstrakThis research examined genotypic differences in morphoagronomic traits among &lsquo;wild cowpea&rsquo; (Vigna vexillata) accessions and related groups in the genus Vigna. The traits were observed under natural, open field conditions at the field experimental station of The Faculty of Agriculture of Padjadjaran University, West Java, Indonesia, between October 2005 and March 2006. sixteen genotypes studied were planted in two replications and arranged in randomized complete block design. The plants of each genotype were grown in a single row plot of 6 m long. Large variations in morpho-agronomic traits were observed between genotypes. Analysis of genotypic differences showed that for certain traits, the V. vexillata accessions were similar to their relatives within the genus Vigna. However, some cultivated forms of V. vexillata from Bali exhibited some distinct differences from related wild genotypes of African origin.

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