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INDONESIA
Pelita Perkebunan
Published by Pusat Penelitian Kopi dan Kakao Indonesia
ISSN : 02150212     EISSN : 24069574     DOI : https://doi.org/10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebuna
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Pelita Perkebunan, Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal (CCRJ): ISSN:0215-0212 Since its establishment in 1911, Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI) formerly Besoekisch Proefstation, had published its research findings through a journal call Mededelingen van het Besoekisch Proefstation. Between 1948-1981 the research institute was under the supervision of Bogor Research Institute for Estate Crops, and published its research findings through De Bergcultures which was later changed to Menara Perkebunan. Since the institute held the national mandate for coffee and cocoa commodities, and due to rapid increase in the research findings, ICCRI published its first issue of Pelita Perkebunanjournal in April 1985. Pelita Perkebunanis an international journal providing rapid publication of peer-reviewed articles concerned with coffee and cocoa commodities based on the aspects of agronomy, plant breeding, soil science, crop protection, postharvest technology and social economy. Papers dealing with result of original research on the above aspects are welcome, with no page charge. Pelita Perkebunan is managed by Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute (ICCRI), which publish the research findings not only for coffee and cocoa but also other commodities relevant with coffee and cocoa, i.e. shade trees, intercrops and wind breakers.
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Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 29 No 1 (2013)" : 6 Documents clear
Assessing Genetic Diversity Cocoa (Theobroma cacaoL.) Collection Resistant to Cocoa Pod Borer Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers Agung Wahyu Susilo; Dapeng Zhang; Lambert Motilal
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 29 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v29i1.186

Abstract

Breeding  for  cocoa  pod  borer  (CPB)  resistance  on  cocoa  was  initiated  by selecting  the  resistant  genotypes  through  cocoa  farm  in  the  endemic  area.  For breeding  purpose  the  collected  genotypes  should  be  assessed  for  their  diversity  in  constructing  appropriate  mating  design.  This  research  has  objective  to assess  genetic  diversity  of  the  exploratory  collection  using  DNA  fingerprinting. The  tested  clones  were  25  exploratory  collections  compared  to  the  references  of seven  international  clones  from  International  Cocoa  Genebanks,  Trinidad  and12 national clones. DNA of the tested clones was sequenced using 15 SSR markers at Sustainable Perennial Crop Laboratory of Beltsville Agriculture Research Center.Data of  fingerprinting were analyzed  using  GenAlEx program  to  perform number of  alleles,  observed   heterozygosity  (Ho),  expected  heterozygosity  (He)  and genetic  distance.  The  tested  clones  performed  high  genetic  diversity  with  the number  of  alleles  was  98  (6.53  per  locus)  compared  to  the  national  clones  andinternational clones were  95 (6.33 per locus) and 86 (5.73 per locus), respectively. The  observed  heterozygosity  of  the  tested  clones  (Ho  = 0.63)  was  higher  thannational  clones  (Ho  =  0.60)  and  international  clones  (Ho  =  0.49)  then  supported by  the  expected  heterozygosity  (He)  of  the  tested  clones  (He  =  0.71)  also  highin  equal  value  with  international  clones  (He  =  0.74).  Cluster  analysis  grouped the  tested  clones  to  three  main  genetic  groups,  namely  Trinitario,  Forastero  and unidentified  group.  The  CPB-resistant  clones  of  ARDACIAR  10  and  KW  397 were clustered in different group that indicate a far distance of their genetic background.Key words:Genetic diversity, cocoa, CPB resistance, simple sequence repeat marker.
Evaluation of Quantity and Hyperhydricity of Cocoa Somatic Embryo Obtained from Solid Culture, Liquid Culture, and Sequence Subculture Sulistyani Pancaningtyas
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 29 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v29i1.187

Abstract

Research  aimed  to  study  the  effect  of  solid  culture,  liquid  culture,  and sequence  subculture  on  quantity  and  hyperhydricity  of  somatic  embryo  wascarried  out  at  Laboratory  of  Biotechnology,  Indonesian  Coffee  and  Cocoa Research  Institute.  Materials  used  in  this  study  were  embryogenic  callitransferred  on  somatic  embryos  expression  both  in  solid  and  liquid  media with  the  same  media  composition,  namely  MS  medium  with  the  addition  ofAdenine  (0.025  mg/L).  Gelling  agent  used  in  solid  media  was  gelrite  (3  g/L). Clones used in this study was Sca 6. This research consisted of two trials, namely1)  effect  of  medium  type  (solid  and  liquid),  and  2)  sequence  subculture  (four subcultures).  This  results  showed  that  the  production  of  somatic  embryosin  liquid  medium  was  higher  than  in  the  solid  medium.  Regeneration  of somatic  embryos  on  solid  medium  culture  showed  the  highest  percentage  of abnormality  embryos  due  to  hyperhydricity  at  the  cotyledonary  phase  60%. Meanwhile,  the  regeneration  of  somatic  embryos  in  liquid  culture  showed the  highest  percentage  of  abnormality  embryos  due  to   hyperhydricity  at the  globular  and  cotyledonary  phase  37%.  Frequent  subculture  increased abnormal embryos  and  decreased  the  number of  somatic  embryos.Key words: Cacao, hyperhydricity,  somatic embryos,  solid  culture,  liquid  culture,  subculture,  in  vitro.
Cocoa Canopy Replacement to Increase Productivity and Plant Resistance to Vascular Streak Dieback Teguh Iman Santoso; Adi Prawoto; Sudarsianto Sudarsianto
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 29 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v29i1.188

Abstract

Canopy  replacement  with  vascular  streak dieback  (VSD) resistant  clones is  expected  to  reduce  VSD  infestation  by  reducing  space  of  Oncobasidiumtheobromae infection,  and  to  increase  cocoa  yield.  This  experiment  was carried  out  in  endemic  areas  of  VSD  in  Kaliwining  Experimental  Station  of ICCRI  and  Kendenglembu  estate.  Canopy  replacement  technique  in  Kendenglembu  was  done  by  side  cleft  grafting  on  primary  branches  and  top  grafting on  plagiotropic  branches  of  primary  branches.  Number  of  grafted  shoots per  plant,  i.e.  1,  2,  3,  4,  5  and  6  was  used  as  treatments  using  Sca  6  and Sulawesi  1.  The  12  treatments  were  arranged  in  randomized  complate  block design,  each  treatment  replicated  6  times  and  10  plants  per  treatment.  Growth of  shoot,  canopy  coverage  and  development  of  VSD  incidence  were  the  main variables.  In  Kaliwining,  side  cleft  grafting  was  applied  at  1.5  m  above  soilsurface  using  Sulawesi  1  and  Sca  6  clones  as  the  scion  and  TSH  858  and ICS  60  clones  as  rootstocks.  VSD  intensity  was  observed  by  scoring  method. Cocoa  yield  was  the  main  variable.  The  result  showed  that  both  techniques caused  similar  growth  rate  of  the  shoots.  The  rate  of  canopy  covering  by resistant  clones  reduced  VSD  infestation  following  Y  =  -0.7848X  +  69.324 (R²  =  0.995)  equation.  Three  resistant  shoots  per  tree  was  effective  in  reducing  VSD  infestation.  Four  years  after  grafting  were  bean  yield  by  using Sulawesi  1  was  434%  over  control  while  360%  yield  for  Sca  6  compared  to average  control  of  ungrafted  plants  of  ICS  60  and  TSH  858.  Polyphenol content of both resistant clones was higher than that on susceptible ones, however transfer  mechanism  of  that  substance  to  the  susceptible  stocks  is  still  unknown. It  is  concluded  that  canopy  replacement  using  productive  and  resistant  clones is  considered  to  be  an  effective  method  to  overcome  VSD  problem  and  to improve  cocoa  yield. Key words:Theobroma cacao, vascular streak dieback, canopy replacement, yield.
Identification of Potential Plants Producing Tannin-protein Complex for a-amylase as Botanical Pesticide Asriyah Firdausi; Tri Agus Siswoyo; Soekadar Wiryadiputra
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 29 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v29i1.189

Abstract

Research  on  the  development  of  botanical  pesticides  should  be developed  through  new  methods,  such  as  by  inhibiting the  activity  of  digestive enzymes  by  secondary  metabolites.  The  aim  of  this  study  was  to  identify some  of  potential  plants  as  a  source  of  tannin-protein  complexes  to  inhibitthe  activity  of  - amylase.  The  study  of  identification  of  potential  plants producing  the  active  ingredient  tannin-protein  complex  was  divided  into  three stages,  1)  identification  of  potential  plants  producing  tannin,  2)  isolation  of tannin-protein  complexes,  and  3)  in  vitro  test  of  tannin-protein  complexes effect  of  the  -amylase activity.  Some  of  the observed  plants  were  sidaguri  leaf (Sida rhombifolia), melinjo leaf (Gnetum gnemon), gamal leaf (Gliricidia sepium),lamtoro  leaf  (Leucaena  leucocephala) ,  betel  nut  (Areca  catechu) ,  and  crude gambier  (Uncaria  gambir) a s  a  source of  tannins  and  melinjo  seed was  used  asprotein  source.  Betel  nut  and  melinjo  seed  were  the  best  source  of  tannin-protein  complex,  tannin  content  1.77  mg  TAE/mL  with  antioxidant  activity  of  90%,the  ability  to  inhibit  the  activity  of  -amylase by  95%  with  IC 50  values  of 10 mg/mL.Key words: Tannin, protein, -amylase, botanical pesticides,Areca catechu, Gnetum gnemon.
Growth Inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides by Trichoderma harzianum, Trichoderma koningii, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas fluorescens Febrilia Nur ‘Aini; Sri Sukamto; Dwi Wahyuni; Risma Galuh Suhesti; Qurrotun Ayunin
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 29 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v29i1.190

Abstract

Colletotrichum  gloeosporioides is  a  disease  which  can  cause  significant yield  loss  of  cocoa.  The  objective  of  this  research  is  to  investigate  the  abilityof  antagonist  microbes,  Trichoderma  harzianum,  Trichoderma  koningii,  Bacillus subtilis  and Pseudomonas  fluorescens  in  controlling  gloeosporioides  biologically  in  laboratorium  condition.  The  experiment  was  carried  out  in  Crop  Protection  Laboratory,  Indonesian  Coffee  and  Cocoa  Research  Institute.  Results of  this  research  showed  that  antagonist  fungi,  T.  harzianum,  T.  koningii,  had  a stronger  ability  in  inhibiting  growth  of  C.  gloeosporioides about  83%  compared  to  the  ability  of  antagonist  bacteria,  B.  subtilis  and P.  fluorescens,  only about  49%. Key words: Growth  inhibition,  Colletotrichum  gloeosporioides,  Trichoderma  harzianum, Trichoderma koningii,  Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens.
Optimizing of Arabica Coffee Bean Fermentation Process Using a Controlled Fermentor Sukrisno Widyotomo; Yusianto Yusi
Pelita Perkebunan (a Coffee and Cocoa Research Journal) Vol 29 No 1 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22302/iccri.jur.pelitaperkebunan.v29i1.191

Abstract

One  of  primary  coffee  processing  steps  which  affect  the  end  quality  isfermentation.  Fermentation  using  a  controlled  fermentor  might  be  usefulbecause  all  of  parameters  which  influence  coffee  quality  can  be  controlled.The  aim of this  research is to evaluate  performance  of  controlled fermentor forfermentation  process  of  Arabica  coffee  beans.  Main  material  of  this  researchwas ripe Arabica coffee cherries from Andungsari Research Station in Bondowoso district.  Research  parameters  were  temperature  with  four  levels  i.e.:  ambient temperature,  30o C,  35oC  and  40oC,  and  fermentation  time  with  three  levels  i.e.: 6  hours,  12  hours,  and  18  hours.  A  horizontal  type  of  modified  fermentor  has been  tested  with  20  kg/batch  or  50%  of  maximum  loading  capacity.  The  result showed  that  an  electric  heater  as  energy  source  can  raise  temperature  duringfermentation  process.  Fermentation  process  using  fermentor  at  30-40oC had  not  significant  effect  on  physical  properties  change  such  as  density,  beancount  per  100  g  and  distribution  of  beans.  Optimum  condition  for  Arabica fermentation  process  in  a  modified  fermentor  reactor  was  25oC  temperature, and  12  hours  fermentation  time.  By  this  condition,  green  beans  have  good organoleptic  score  than  other  fermentation  process  treatments. Key words: Fermentor, fermentation, coffee, quality, organoleptic, horizontal cylinder.

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