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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences
ISSN : 02166461     EISSN : 23546832     DOI : 10.14334
Core Subject : Health,
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.
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Articles 5 Documents
Search results for , issue "Vol 32, No 2 (2022): June 2022" : 5 Documents clear
Antibiotic Resistance of the Campylobacter Isolates According to Their Species in Different Samples of Broiler Chicken in Many Regions Elma Hrustemović; Faruk Čaklovica; Jasmina Đeđibegović; Muhamed Smajlović; K Čaklovica; Enida Članjak Kudra
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 2 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i2.3035

Abstract

Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are contaminants of broiler skin, and in unauthorized numbers cause campylobacteriosis in consumers where symptoms range from gastrointestinal to life-threatening. The number of chicken bacteria and their genetic diversity depend on the growing conditions, and the presence of antibiotic resistance genes is the result of irrational use of antibiotics. The purpose of this paper is to point out the importance of reducing the contamination of Campylobacter spp. in broiler production as well as the importance of the rational use of antibiotics in the production of broilers with a contribution to the prevention of the spread of campylobacteriosis and antibiotic resistance. The incidence of campylobacteriosis can be prevented by the concept of Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) in broiler production and the use of probiotics as biological preservatives in broiler meat. The spread of antibiotic resistance genes can be reduced by prohibition of antibiotic use for   prophylaxis and only permitted for medication.
Application of Microsatellite Markers for Genetic Diversity Analysis of Indonesian Local Cattle Dwi Hariyono
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 2 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i2.3040

Abstract

Animal genetic resources (AnGR), including cattle, have been valuable national assets that need to be preserved and developed. There are at least 16 recognized breeds of cattle that have been registered as local and new breeds by the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Indonesia. Conservation and development programs of these local cattle breeds require basic information regarding their genetic diversity, relationships, and structures. There are several types of DNA markers that can be used for genetic diversity analysis, such as microsatellite markers. Microsatellites or short tandem repeats (STRs) are a group of DNA sequences consisting of tandemly repeated units (1–6 bp), which are abundant throughout the genome and can be found in both coding and non-coding regions. The primary advantages of microsatellites are that they are inherited in a Mendelian pattern (codominant markers), high polymorphism rates, and high abundances throughout the genome. The aim of this review is to discuss the application of microsatellite markers for genetic diversity analysis in Indonesian local cattle based on 3 indices: number alleles per locus, expected heterozygosity (He), and polymorphisms information content (PIC). There are at least 28 microsatellite markers that have been studied in Indonesian local cattle, with the number of alleles per locus ranging from 2 to 32, He values ranging from 0.100 to 0.985, and PIC values from 0.095 to 0.935. Based on the PIC values, several microsatellites are classified as highly informative, e.g. BM1824, ILST6, TGLA126, TGLA53, TGLA227, TGLA122, ETH225, INRA23, SPS113, SPS115, BM1818, CSSM66, ETH10, INRA005, INRA037, ETH185, HEL017, and ILSTS029. Therefore, these microsatellite markers can be potentially used for future genetic diversity analysis of other breeds of cattle.
Potential Transmission of Zoonotic Tuberculosis Disease from Livestock to Humans Hasna Aldisa Madani; Adi Imam Cahyadi
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 2 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i2.2923

Abstract

Zoonotic Tuberculosis (Ztb) is caused by member of group bacteria called Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex which can attack animals as reservoirs and is zoonotic so that it can be transmitted and infected humans. This paper aims to review about zoonotic tuberculosis which includes: causative agents, modes of transmission, risk factors and prevention of Ztb transmission from livestock to humans. Based on reviewing 47 literatures, it shows that zoonotic tuberculosis in livestock can be caused by Mycobacterium bovis, Mycobacterium caprae and Mycobacterium orygis. The disease is transmitted by inhalation and oral routes. The most common risk factors are types of livestock rearing, age of livestock and population or herds size. There are several measures to prevent Ztb transmitted from livestock to humans, such as improving the good maintenance management, implementation of routine surveillance program, increasing vaccination coverage and other preventive measures by taking into account all risk factors that can increase the incidence and transmission of Ztb.
Challenging Efforts to Find African Swine Fever Vaccine Simson Tarigan
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 2 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i2.2983

Abstract

African swine fever (ASF) has been endemic in Indonesia and neighbouring countries. So far, the only reliable measure to eradicate the disease has been the application of strict biosecurity and culling of all infected pigs. This method is not feasible in Indonesia because most pig farms are small with a deficient level of biosecurity. Vaccination would be the most practical control measure, but no vaccine has been available for ASF. The difficulties encountered in developing the ASF vaccine lie in the fact that the ASF virus is very complex, with a sophisticated ability to paralyze the host immune system. ASF virus infects monocytes and macrophages, causing the cells to lose their functions to mount immune responses, further complicating vaccine development. Killed vaccines, even those containing complete structural and non-structural proteins of the virus and fortified with potent adjuvants for both humoral and cellular immune responses, were practically incapable of inducing protective immunity. Subunit vaccines containing recombinant viral proteins have also been developed, but none have provided satisfactory protection even though the vaccine indicates neutralizing antibodies. Live vaccines prepared from naturally low virulent viral strains or by repeated attenuation in cell cultures provided more satisfactory protective immunities than the inactive or subunit vaccines. However, their use in the field had caused severe side effects because the mutant still had residual virulence. Live vaccines prepared by deleting genes that play a role in virulence have been the most promising approach. Several mutants that were no longer virulent but capable of inducing protective immunity have been identified; however, lengthy safety testing is still needed before this vaccine is commercially available.
Cats Toxoplasmosis Control in Indonesia Ageng Ilham Ramadhani; R Yesica; IB GR Wisesa
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 32, No 2 (2022): June 2022
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14334/wartazoa.v32i2.3008

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is one of the parasitic diseases caused by Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii). Toxoplasma gondii is usually found in cats’ faeces, raw vegetables, meats, grasses, and soil. The transmission of T. gondii happens vertically or horizontally. The standard diagnostic techniques of T. gondii detection are microscopic examination of cats faeces, PCR, and antibody detection. The drug of choice in cats toxoplasmosis is clindamycin antibiotic (doses: 10-12/kgBW), another treatment is the combination of sulfadiazine 120 mg/kgBW dan pirimetamin 1 mg/kgBW also can be given to reduce the oocyst shed. The prevention of T. gondii infection in cats is not giving raw meats and keeping the environment disinfected. The prevalence of cats toxoplasmosis in cats in Indonesia is influenced by multiple diagnostic techniques, sample total, geographical condition, and climate. The risk factor of toxoplasmosis infection in cats are stray cats, raw foods, and a hygienic environment. The purpose of this article is knowing the life cycle of T. gondii, clinical sign, pathogeneses, diagnostic method, risk factors, control, and the prevalence of cats toxoplasmosis in Indonesia in the last 50 years.

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