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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 14 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June" : 14 Documents clear
Transformation of ram sperm nuclei in oocytes cytoplasm during in vitro fertilization Dzulfiqor, Y.; Setiadi, M. A.; Karja, N. W. K.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.146-154

Abstract

The aim of present study was to understand the transformation of ram sperm nuclei within oocyte cytoplasm during in vitro fertilization. The oocytes were collected from slaughterhouse ovaries. Before fertilization, the oocytes were maturated in vitro for 24 hours in the incubator with 5% CO2 at 38.5°C. Then the oocytes (n= 635) was fertilized by incubating the oocytes with sperm (5x106 spermatozoa/ ml) for 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 hours. At the end of incubating period, the oocytes were fixed and stained with aceto-orcein 2% before evaluated under phase contrast microscope. Sperm nuclear transformation was evaluated according to sperm nuclear status of sperm, such as condensation, decondensation, and formation of prepronuclei and pronuclei. Sperm condensation and decondensation were seen at 3 hours after incubation. Prepronuclei and pronuclei were found at 6 hours of incubation. Pronuclei formation was significantly increased in the 9 hours after incubation (P<0.05). The incidence of polyspermia was significantly increased at 12-15 hours after incubation (P<0.05). In conclusion penetration of sperm into oocytes has been occurred at 3 hour of fertilization period. The formation of pronuclei was found at 6 hours after incubation and the incidence of polyspermia was increased when the fertilization period prolonged.
Back-matter (June 2019) Kurnianto, Edy
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.App.1-App.9

Abstract

Beef cattle farmers behavior toward biosecurity Lestari, V. S.; Rahardja, D. P.; Mappigau, P.; Rohani, S .T.; Sirajuddin, S. N.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.204-212

Abstract

Beef cattle are meat producers which are beneficial to humans. The purpose of this study was to identify and to control the behavior of beef cattle farmers towards biosecurity in Lamasi District - Luwu Region, South Sulawesi Province. This type of research was descriptive research. The research method was survey to participatory research and the Focus Group Discussion. Total sample was 50 respondents. Data were obtained through interview using questionnaires and observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistic. Likert scale 1 until 3 were used to know the response level of disagree and agree about biosecurity. The results showed that beef cattle farmers less agree to biosecurity adoption. Based on subjective norm, farmers’ behaviors agree to adopt biosecurity if they were supported by community leaders and other livestock farmers or farmer groups. Behavior control which becomes the main obstacles to implementing biosecurity are habits, prior implementation and risks. The supporting factors needed time, can be tested on a small scale cattle business, according to the needs of cattle farmers, needed workers, needed knowledge, skills, and information about biosecurity. Beef cattle farmers should be motivated to adopt biosecurity in order to get a healthy beef cattle.
Strategies to combat the deleterious impacts of heat stress through feed restrictions and dietary supplementation (vitamins, minerals) in broilers Mohamed, A. S. A.; Lozovskiy, A. R.; Ali, A. M. A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.155-166

Abstract

The objective of the current study was to evaluate the impacts of feed restriction (FR) for 3 hours and/or dietary supplementation with vitamins and minerals on growth, mortality rate, some carcass traits, and serum biochemistry indices of broiler chicks under heat stress in the open housing system. A total of 240 one-week old broilers were weighed and randomly assigned into 4 equal experimental treatments. Treatment 1 (T1) was fed ad libitum on basal diets, T2 birds were fed on basal diets with FR, T3 birds were fed ad libitum on basal diets with vitamin C (200 mg) + vitamin E (200 mg) + Cr (1.5 mg ) + Zn (100 mg) per kg diet, and T4 birds were fed on basal diets with FR and combined supplementation of vitamins and minerals. It was found that growth parameters improved in T2, T3, and T4, while the mortality rate was significantly reduced compared with control. FR and feed additives (T4) revealed marked increases in serum total protein and a decrease in total serum cholesterol. It was concluded that combined effect of FR and feed additives could significantly alleviate heat stress effects for broilers by improving growth performance and decreasing mortality rate.
Competitiveness of Indonesian beef trading in Asean Sutawi, S.; Hendraningsih, L.; Wahyudi, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.213-219

Abstract

This research was aimed to analyze Indonesian beef trading competitive position and specialization in ASEAN countries. This research was conducted in Indonesia with nine other ASEAN members (Brunei, Cambodia, Laos PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam) as the comparison. The research used secondary data of beef export and import values, and export commodities from Indonesia and nine other ASEAN countries in 2013 to 2017. Beef competitive position was measured by using Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) method, while the development of beef commodity in international trading was measured by using Trading Specialization Index (TSI) method. RCA calculation result in 2013-2017 showed the lowest comparative advantage of Indonesian beef trading in ASEAN (RCA = 0.000). TSI calculation result in 2013-2017 showed that Indonesian beef trading commodity was in introduction stage in international trading (TSI=-1.000).
Effect of napier grass supplemented with Gliricidia sepium, Sapindus rarak or Hibiscus rosa-sinensis on in vitro rumen fermentation profiles and methanogenesis Yuliana, P.; Laconi, E. B.; Jayanegara, A.; Achmadi, S. S.; Samsudin, A. A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.167-176

Abstract

This study examined the supplementation effects of gliricidia leaves(GL, Gliricidia sepium), lerak fruit(LF, Sapindus rarak), or hibiscusleaves(HL, Hibiscusrosa-sinensis) on in vitro rumen fermentation and methanogenesis and made a comparisonwith the Napier grass (NG, Pennisetum purpureum) grass. In vitro rumen fermentation was designed according to a randomized complete block design with four replications and seven treatments: NG, GL, LF, HL, NG 70% + GL 30%, NG 70% + LF 30%and NG 70% + HL 30%. The generated data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan’s multiple range test and compared among treatment means.Addition of a plant containing saponin such as LF or HL to NG did not alter gas production after 24 and 48 h of incubation period in comparison to NG alone.The HLalone or blended with NGproduced the highest IVOMDduring the fermentation processas compared to other treatments (P<0.05). Adding LF supplement either singly or in combination significantly (P<0.05) reduced methane production in terms of %TVFA as compared to NG. Supplementation of LF plants has shifted VFA proportion towards more propionate and less acetate. The microbial population of LF, whether single or in combination had a tendency to reduce the rumen protozoa population but had no effect on methanogen population. It can be concluded that utilization of saponin-rich materials is particularly beneficial for reducing ruminal methane emission.
Measuring the sosial economic benefits of Jabres cattle keeping in Bantarkawung Sub-district, Brebes, Central Java, Indonesia Haq, M. S.; Budisatria, I. G. S.; Panjono, P.; Maharani, D.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.220-227

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the socio-economic benefits of Jabres cattle as potential local livestock in two agro ecological zones, lowlands and middle zone in Bantarkawung Sub-District, Brebes, Central Java. The data were collected by Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) method, which is an approach to families or individuals to analyze the reality of their living conditions. This study involved 60 farmers which selected by purposive sampling based on three considerations. The analytical model used to test differences is the analysis of independent T-test. The result showed that the farmers in the middle zone are younger and most of their cattle keeping motivation are for livelihood. Meanwhile, the farmers in the low lands are older and most of their cattle keeping motivation is for saving only (2.90±0.31). This condition caused the socio-economic benefit difference between those locations where the value of net production (185±27 kg/y), added value (IDR 4.900.000±1.204.000), and total benefits (IDR 9.289.000±1.542.000) were higher in the medium land than in the lowlands. Based on these reasons, it can be concluded that middle zone farmers have more possibility to sustain their farm than those of lowlands farmers.
Comparison of linear functions to estimate growth performance and feed intake variations pattern in growing and finishing pigs in high ambient temperature Lee, N.; Choi, J. W.; Ko, H. S.; Ohh, S. J.; Kim, Y. H.; Jang, A. R.; Kim, J. S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.177-186

Abstract

High ambient temperature (AT) is a major constraint on efficiency of farming in pig production. Results of reported studies assessing the influences of high AT on pig performance are highly variable, particularly in pigs with different body weight (BW). Therefore, a meta-analysis from ISI Web of Science and PubMed was operated to explain variations of average daily feed intake (ADFI) and average daily gain (ADG) in the reports across literatures during high AT in growing or finishing pigs. Pigs were divided to three BW categories as LOW (46 to 65 kg), MED (65< to 85 kg), and HGH (85< kg). The significant effect of AT on ADG were observed in LOW, MED, and HGH categories. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) for multiple linear regression shows significance of linear relationships between both ADG and ADFI, and AT and BW as: ADGLOW= 1260-19.9*AT+2.09*BW, ADGMED= 1546-22.5*AT-0.88*W, ADGHGH= 1893-31.9*AT-2.40*BW, ADFILOW= 1756-35.0*AT+24.6*BW, ADFIMED= 2793-49.6*AT+12.5*BW, and ADFIHGH= 4172-59.0*AT+0.74*BW. The significant effect of temperature on gain to feed ratio (G:F) was observed in LOW and HGH categories. The ANOVA for multiple regression revealed evidence on high significance of linear relationships between G:F and AT: G:FLOW =0.80+0.02*AT+0.02*BW, G:FMED= 0.95+0.02*AT+0.02*BW, and G:FHGH= 0.78+0.05*AT+0.01*BW. The overall results of mixed model analysis show that the significant interaction between BW and AT means that pigs in heavier category have lower G:F when temperature increases. In conclusion, high AT linearly decrease the ADG, ADFI, and G:F of growing and finishing pigs.
Polymorphism of the SNP g. 1180 C>T in leptin gene and its association with growth traits and linear body measurement in Kebumen Ongole Grade cattle Fathoni, A.; Maharani, D.; Aji, R. N.; Choiri, R.; Sumadi, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.125-134

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the polymorphism of leptin gene and its association with growth traits in Kebumen Ongole Grade cattle. One hundred blood samples were collected for molecular analysis. Polymorphism of the leptin gene was analyzed using Polymerase Chain Reaction - Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) with HpyCH4V restriction enzyme and DNA sequencing. Association analysis of the leptin gene with growth traits was analyzed by T-test. The results showed that SNP g. 1180 C>T was found in the population.The SNP changed amino acid from arginine to cysteine. The SNP was significantly associated with a high chest circumference at weaning age in animal having CC genotype (P<0.05). There were two identified alleles, namely C and T, with frequencies were 0.885 and 0.115,respectively. The genotype frequencies of CC, CT and TT were 0.78, 0.21 and 0.01, respectively. Allelic and genotypic distribution in the studied population were in Hardy-Weinbergequilibrium. Animals with CC genotype had a higher circumference at weaning age (WCC) than those with CT genotype. In conclusion, SNP g. 1180 C> T in the leptin gene is potential as genetic marker for growth traits in Kebumen Ongole Grade cattle.
Comparison of antibiotic resistance pattern among Enteropathogenic bacteria isolated from broiler and backyard chicken meat Yulistiani, R.; Praseptiangga, D.; Supyani, S.; Sudibya, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.228-240

Abstract

This study aimed to compare the antibiotic resistance patterns among original Enterobacteriaceae isolates from broiler and backyard chicken meats in Surabaya, Indonesia, isolated in 2016-2017. The Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method was used to determine the resistance of these isolates against tetracycline (TE), gentamicin (CN), cefoxitin (FOX), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (SXT), nalidixic acid (NA), and chloramphenicol (C). Both broiler and backyard chicken meat isolates were resistant to the six antibiotics tested. Overall, broiler meat isolates which resistant to TE, CN, FOX, SXT, NA, C were 57.76% higher than backyard chicken meat isolates. More than 50% of broiler meat isolates (304 samples) were resistant to TE and NA, whereas backyard chicken meat isolates (310 samples) were only resistant to TE. The resistant strains found in both meat isolates were Salmonella spp., Escherichiacoli, Shigella spp., Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Yersinia spp., Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., and Edwardsiella spp. Resistant strains of broiler meat isolates were significantly higher (P<0.05) than backyard chicken meat isolates, except Edwardsiella spp. Overall, multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was found to be higher in broiler meat isolates than in backyard chicken meat isolates. Broiler and backyard chicken meats are potential reservoirs of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae which threat to public health.

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