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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 676 Documents
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Influence of sapropel on the activity of intestinal peptidases of broiler chickens Kuz'mina, V. V.; Skvortsova, E. G.; Pivovarova, E. A.; Bushkareva, A. S.; Vostrova, U. A.; Poltoratskaya, A.V.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 1 (2021): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.1.67-74

Abstract

At the beginning of the experiment, the weight of weekly cockerels of the Hisex White egg cross (n = 90) was 64.6 ± 0.47 g. At the age of one week old, 3 groups (30 birds in each group) were formed. They received complete feed. The first group served as a control. The chickens of the second and third groups received combined fodder, in which 3% and 5% of the feed weight was replaced with dry sapropel. The dry sapropel (3% of the daily feed weight) increased the activity of casein-lytic and hemoglobin-lytic peptidases in the chyme by 1.5 (Р<0.05), in large intestine mucosa by 1.3 (Р<0.05) and in small intestine mucosa by 1.7 times (Р<0.01) compared with the control. The increase of sapropel concentration in feed up to 5% did not lead to a further increase in the activity of peptidases. The activity of peptidases were minimal at pH 5 and pH 12 and reached maximal at pH 7–8. The optimal dose of dry sapropel introduced into the diet of chickens to that stimulated the digestive processes is 3% of the mass of feed.
Back-matter (December 2021) Wibowo, Rahmat
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 4 (2021): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar

Abstract

Back-matter (December 2021)
Seminal plasma protein profile based on molecular weight and their correlation with semen quality of Simmental bull Baharun, A.; Arifiantini, I.; Karja, N. W. K.; Said, S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 1 (2021): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.1.20-28

Abstract

Artificial Insemination Center (AIC) produces frozen semen that was taken from superior bull. The selection of superior bull was based on breeding soundness evaluation. This study is aimed to evaluating the correlation between the molecular weight (MW) of seminal plasma protein and semen quality of Simmental bulls. Semen ejaculates from nine Simmental Bulls, that belong to AIC of Central Java, at Ungaran, were collected by using an artificial vagina. The sub population of sperm in ejaculates was evaluated through macroscopically and microscopically, in which the semen then centrifugated 6500 rpm for 30 minutes. The supernatant was collected and inserted into mini straw and stored in liquid nitrogen container. The concentration of seminal plasma protein was determined by the Bradford method. The Bradford protocol of analysis was suitable with User Guide Coomasize (Bradford) Protein Assay Kit. Thermo Skanlt RE for Multiskan Go Software, 3.2 version was applied for analyzing of the data, and protein characterization used was 1D-SDS-PAGE. The Coomassie Brilliant Blue was used for coloring the gels, and the proteins MW was determined by MW markers. The result demonstrated that there was no significant correlation between protein concentration and semen quality (P>0.05). Protein expressions based on MW were 62-48 kD, 100-71 kD found in this study. The analysis of correlation showed that the proteins with 100-71 kD MW correlated with sperm motility, normal sperm morphology, and sperm concentration. Semen quality in all parameters was significant (P˂0.05 and P>0.01) with 62-48 kD protein MW. The result concluded that seminal plasma protein had a correlation with semen quality and can be used as additional indicator for bull’s candidate selection. 
The interaction of intestinal bacteria and feed: a case study of intensive-duck husbandry in Central Java Susanti, R.; Dafip, M.; Christijanti, W.; Yuniastuti, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.2.154-165

Abstract

This study was aimed to compare sugars and amino acid content in duck’s feed and the intestinal bacteria's effects to improve ducks' quality. This research was an observational exploration involving five duck husbandries from Semarang, Temanggung, Magelang, Pati, and Salatiga District, Central Java. A total of 5 g of intestinal contents were collected from each of the five ducks randomly selected from each husbandry. The feed and intestinal contents were then analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The highest amino acid types were glutamate, aspartate, lysine, valine, and isoleucine, while the lowest was asparagine found in all sample farms. Intestinal contents freshly extracted then placed in dark bottles sterile for microbiome analysis with primers 6S rRNA V3-V4 genome identification. The concentration of glucose, fructose, and galactose in the intestine has increased significantly caused by digested polysaccharides. The composition of bacteria plays a vital role in digesting polysaccharides, makes them quickly absorbed by duck’s intestine cells. The abundance of bacteria in all sample locations was dominated by the phylum Firmicutes, especially Lactobacilalles, Bacilalles, and Clostridialles. Over feeding may not effective in sugar and essential amino acid absorption, however, it may play an essential role in the diversity of gut bacteria to produce necessary component for duck’s physiology.
Growth performance and nutrient digestibility of broilers fed different type of diets and feed additives Nalle, C. L.; Helda, H.; Toelle, N.; Mawaddah, U.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 4 (2021): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.4.304-324

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate the nutrient digestibility and the growth performance of broilers fed a different type of diet (TD) and feed additives (FA). A total of 264 day-old chicks (male, Lohmann) were randomly distributed into 24 pens (11 birds/pen). The experiment was designed by using a 2 x 4 factorial completely randomized design with the main factors TD and FA. The result shows that TD x FA interaction was significant (p<0.05-0.001) for feed intake (FI) and body weigt gain (BWG) of starter broilers. The TD, FA, and TD x FA affected (p<0.01-0.001) growth performance (GP) of growing broilers. TD and TD x FA interaction affected liver weight and the length of proventriculus and gizzard (p<0.05 to 0.001). Except for starch, the TD did not affect (p>0.05) nutrient digestibility (ND) and energy values (EV). Except for crude protein, FA did not affect (p>0.05) on ND and EV. The TD x FA interaction did not affect ND and EV. TD affected (p<0.05–0.001) on FI and BWG)of starter broilers. Except for day 7, FA influenced (p<0.01–0.001) FI and BWG of starter broilers. In conclusion, 1) The addition of Synbiotics and Allzyme SSF-E on Rice bran-sago diet (RSD) improved the GP of birds; and 2) The complex and multi enzymes work well in the rice bran-sago diet  3) RSD produced better growth performance of broiler starter.
Comparison of the favorable gain values of genetic improvement among Indonesian grade cow breeds selected for agrotechnopark intensification Paputungan, U.; Hendrik, M. J.; Siswosubroto, S. E.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.2.106-113

Abstract

This research was aimed to compare the small and big truncation point proportions intended to evaluate gain values of genetic improvement for Indonesian Local cow breed groups selected for Agrotechnopark (integrated bio-cycle farming system) intensification. Animal live weights were collected from 674 Indonesian grade breed cows kept by local household farmers in North Sulawesi province. Data of cows were corrected by adjusting to six years old ages. All cows were divided into three breed groups with different genetic compositions of Bali breed cow generation (BG) of 207 cows, Ongole grade cow generation (OG) of 189 cows, and Local grade cow generation (LG) of 178 cows. The genetic improvements of BG, OG and LG were analyzed involving selection intensity (i), accuracy of selection (r), and standard deviation (SD) of breed group traits under selection. Results of this study showed that the critical components was genetic development of local grade breeds by choosing small proportion of 10% truncation point for Agrotechnopark intensification of selected elite cows groups among BG, OG and LG populations with the positive live weight gains of 58.6 kg, 23.15 kg, and 28.62 kg per generation, respectively compared with larger percentages of 20% and 30% proportions of truncation points.
The physical characteristics of cheese made of milk, colostrum and both during the ripening Astuti, F. D.; Setyawardani, T.; Santosa, S. S.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 1 (2021): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.1.75-83

Abstract

This study aimed to understand the physical characteristics of cheese made of cow milk, colostrum, and milk+colostrum ripened for 20 days. Two factors in this study were cheese made of three materials: A (100% cow milk), B (50% cow milk + 50% colostrum) and C (100% colostrum), and ripening time, i.e. 0, 10, and 20 days. The process of cheese production started by heating the raw material, followed by decreasing the temperature, incorporating kefir as the starter. The next step was and the rennet and re-incubate the mixture for one hour until the fluid became solid granules, then the granules were filtered and pressed. The cheese was stored at a low temperature (4-8oC) according to each treatment. Each combination was repeated three times. The physical properties of cheese examined in this study were color, texture, pH, and microstructure. The result showed that the raw materials of cheese would produce different cheese colours in terms of lightness (L*), yellowness (b*), and whiteness index (WI) as well as cheese texture (hardness and gumminess). Also, ripening time would affect the hardness, springiness gumminess, chewiness, L*, a*, and WI of cheese. Colostrum added in cheesemaking has increased both yellowness and cavities in the microstructure. 
Front-matter (December 2021) Wibowo, Rahmat
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 4 (2021): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

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Abstract

Front-matter (December 2021)
The effect of increasing levels of palm kernel meal containing α-β-mannanase replacing maize to growing-finishing hybrid duck on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass trait, and VFA Sjofjan, O.; Adli, D. N.; Natsir, M. H.; Nuningtyas, Y. F.; Bastomi, I.; Amalia, F. R.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 1 (2021): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.1.29-39

Abstract

In this experiment, we investigated the effect of increasing levels of palm kernel meal containing α-β-mannanase replacing maize to growing-finishing hybrid duck on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and carcass trait. One hundred and ninety- six hybrid ducks [(Peking x Khaki Campbell)] with 410.52 ± 95.25 g BW) were allotted to 5 dietary treatments with 9 ducks (unsexed) per pen and 4 replicates per treatments. These dietary treatments were: NC (negative control; maize-soybean-meal based diet), PKM25 (maize replacement with PKM α-β-mannanase 25%), PKM50 (maize replacement with PKM α-β-mannanase 50%), PKM75 (maize replacement with PKM α-β-mannanase 75%), PKM100 (maize replacement with PKM α-β-mannanase 100%). There was a curve linear decrease in the growing phase and finisher phase in feed intake as the level of α-β-mannanase palm kernel meal increased in the diet. Curvilinear, the result was presented no significant difference (P>0.05) on the initial body weight, growing and finishing phase body weight. The result of this study showed the used α-β-mannanase in the palm kernel meal presented a significant difference (P < 0.05) on the nutrient digestibility of dry matter and crude protein. Furthermore, Carcass traits showed the reflection in line with the final weight and internal organs were better to compare to control 0.5% using α-β-mannanase in the palm kernel meal. In summary, the increase of the level of palm kernel meal with α-β-mannanase enzyme was had a positive effect on the hybrid ducks and the replacement of palm kernel meal by 25% with the addition of the α-β-mannanase enzyme was able to improve digestibility and reduce abdominal  fat of hybrid ducks. 
Determination of the best method for processing gambier liquid by-product [Uncaria gambir (hunter) roxb] as natural antioxidant sources Ismail, A. S.; Rizal, Y.; Armenia, A.; Kasim, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 46, No 2 (2021): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.46.2.166-172

Abstract

The study was conducted to determine the best gambier liquid by-product (GLB) processing methods based on antioxidant activity as natural antioxidant sources. The processing methods were A (ethyl acetate fractionation), B (oven drying) and C (freeze drying) methods. The observed variables were dry extract (using weighing method), tannin (using hide powder method), catechin (using SNI 01- 339-2000 method), total phenol (using folin ciocalteu reagents) and antioxidant activities (DPPH method) based on ICAO50. These antioxidant activities were compared with vitamin C as a positive control. The results indicated that the different processing methods significantly affected (P<0.05) dry extract, tannin, catechin, total phenol and antioxidant activity of GLB. The highest dry extract, tannin, catechin, total phenol, and antioxidant activity from GLB were at treatment B (10.76%), B (39.69%), A (86.07%), C (80.97 mg GAE/g), and C (ICAO50 2.74 µg/mL), respectively. The antioxidant activity on treatment C was not different from vitamin C antioxidant activity (2.88µg/mL). Thus, the treatment C (freeze drying method) was the best method to process GLB based on antioxidant activity as natural antioxidant sources.

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