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Jurnal Cita Hukum
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta
ISSN : 23561440     EISSN : 2502230X     DOI : 10.15408
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Education, Social,
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences Other
Jurnal Cita Hukum is an international journal published by the Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, Indonesia. The focus is to provide readers with a better understanding of legal studies and present developments through the publication of articles, research reports, and book reviews. Jurnal Cita Hukum specializes in legal studies, and is intended to communicate original researches and current issues on the subject. This journal warmly welcomes contributions from scholars of related disciplines. It aims primarily to facilitate scholarly and professional discussions over current developments on legal issues in Indonesia as well as to publish innovative legal researches concerning Indonesian laws and legal system. Published exclusively in English, the Review seeks to expand the boundaries of Indonesian legal discourses to access English-speaking contributors and readers all over the world. The Review, hence, welcomes contributions from international legal scholars and professionals as well as from representatives of courts, executive authorities, and agencies of development cooperation. The review basically contains any topics concerning Indonesian laws and legal system. Novelty and recency of issues, however, is a priority in publishing. The range of contents covered by the Review spans from established legal scholarships and fields of law such as private laws and public laws which include constitutional and administrative law as well as criminal law, international laws concerning Indonesia, to various approaches to legal studies such as comparative law, law and economics, sociology of law and legal anthropology, and many others. Specialized legal studies concerning various aspects of life such as commercial and business laws, technology law, natural resources law and the like are also welcomed.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Hukum
Articles 9 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 6, No 1 (2018)" : 9 Documents clear
Human Trafficking In Accordance with Prosperity and National Economic Development Renny Supriyatni Bachro; Mien Rukmini
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8265

Abstract

Abstract:Nowadays, Human trafficking has spread their wings and becomes a crime, the trafficker works with a good organization and works between country to country, it becomes a threat for society, nation and country itself. To prevent this issue, we need to collaborate with another institutions. Law enforcer, government, Social services and also Non-Governmental Organization need to collaborate to resolve this issue for Indonesia and for International society. Government has a responsibility and also active in various development condition such as prosperity development, economic development because it is the main responsibility for country to protect the law of the country including Human rights. This main responsibility cannot be reduced by political reasons, economic and also cultural reasons. This research aims an overview of the solutions regarding the form of the prevention and the protection of the law against human trafficking and also to find a concrete measure in the form of regulations to covers the victims of the human trafficking for a prosperity and economic development. However, based on the empirical data, there are many problems and obstacles in the implementation of the provision of legal protections in the term of restitution and rehabilitation. The suggestion is, to prevent and to protect human trafficking victims, we need to make sure the local regulations in each province is suitable with the act of PTPPO and also, we need to strengthen the coordination. Moreover, to strengthen the prosperity of the human trafficking victims and to immune the economic development in society, we need to make sure the coordination between the central government and the local government in each province is strong in the term of budgeting. The utilizations of the APBN is to covers about prosperity and local economic development in the village who have the most potential to be a human trafficking victim.Keyword: Human Trafficking, Protections of the victims, prevention, Welfare and economics.Abstrak: Saat ini, perdagangan manusia telah melebarkan sayap dan menjadi kejahatan. Pelaku bekerja dengan organisasi yang baik dan memiliki jaringan antar negara. Ia menjadi ancaman bagi masyarakat, bangsa dan negara itu sendiri. Untuk mencegah masalah ini, perlu dilakukan kolaborasi dengan institusi lain. Penegak hukum, pemerintah, layanan sosial dan juga LSM (organisasi non-pemerintah) perlu berkolaborasi untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini bagi Indonesia dan masyarakat internasional. Pemerintah pun memiliki tanggung jawab dan juga aktif dalam berbagai kondisi pembangunan seperti pembangunan kemakmuran, pembangunan ekonomi karena merupakan tanggung jawab utama bagi negara untuk melindungi hukum negara termasuk hak asasi manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran tentang solusi mengenai bentuk pencegahan dan perlindungan hukum terhadap perdagangan manusia dan juga untuk menemukan langkah-langkah konkret dalam bentuk peraturan yang mencakup korban perdagangan manusia untuk kemakmuran dan pembangunan ekonomi. Namun, berdasarkan data empiris, ada banyak masalah dan hambatan dalam pelaksanaan ketentuan perlindungan hukum dalam istilah restitusi dan rehabilitasi. Karenanya untuk mencegah dan melindungi korban perdagangan manusia, perlu dipastikan bahwa peraturan lokal di setiap provinsi sesuai dengan tindakan PTPPO dan juga perlu memperkuat koordinasi. Selain itu, untuk memperkuat kemakmuran korban perdagangan manusia dan untuk melindungi perkembangan ekonomi masyarakat, perlu juga dipastikan koordinasi antara pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah daerah di setiap provinsi khususnya dalam hal penganggaran. APBN pun juga harus mencakup kemakmuran dan pembangunan ekonomi lokal di desa, karena desa paling berpotensi menjadi korban perdagangan manusia.Kata Kunci: Human Trafficking, Perlindungan Korban, Kesejahteraan dan EkonomiDOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8265
“MAHAR AND PAENRE’; Regardless of Social Strata Bugis Women in Anthropological Studies of Islamic Law Yayan Sopyan; Andi Asyraf
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8270

Abstract

AbstractIndonesia is a multicultural, multi-ethnic and multi-religious pluralist country where Islam is where Islam is one of religion that exists.  Islam in Indonesia is not present in the blank area but there have been earlier traditions and religions and then later alive and thriving, interact with one another and live in harmoniously. The most powerful pull of religious values and traditions is marriage. This research aims to analyze the runway used by the Bugis in Bulukumba Regency in setting mahar and paenre’, understanding the point of view of the Bugis society’s point of view life related to the dowry and paenre and its relation to life ', and explain and synergy and knowing the correlation of Islam acting against dowry and paenre’ in the understanding of the Bugis community. The result showed that the mahar and paenre’ in Bugis society determined based on the social strata of the bride, not only caused by a noble, but it likewise from of the position, job or educational level has reached. Behind of it, there is a philosophical meaning in the form of local wisdom values that can integrate or harmonious and synergize with the Islamic teachingKeywords: Mahar,  Paenre’, Women, Social Strata, Bugis, Bulukumba.   Abstrak: Indonesia adalah negara pluralis yang multikultural, multietnis, dan multi agama dimana Islam salah satu agama yang ada didalamnya. Islam hadir di Indonesia bukan di wilayah kosong, tetapi sudah terdapat tradisi dan agama sebelumnya dan kemudian hidup dan berkembang, berinteraksi satu dengan lain dan hidup secara harmonis.  Dan bagian yang paling kuat tarikan nilai agama dan sekaligus tradisi adalah perkawinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis landasan yang digunakan oleh masyarakat Bugis di Kabupaten Bulukumba dalam menetapkan mahar dan paenre’, memahami sudut pandang masyarakat Bugis di Bulukumba, hubungannya dengan kehidupan, untuk mendapatkan perspektif mengenai dunianya, yang berkaitan dengan mahar dan paenre’, serta menjelaskan dan mensinergikan serta mengetahui korelasi pandangan Islam tehadap mahar dan paenre’ dalam pemahaman masyarakat Bugis. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa mahar dan paenre’ dalam masyarakat Bugis ditentukan berdasarkan strata sosial pengantin perempuan, namun strata sosial disini tidak hanya disebabkan oleh karena ia keturunan bangsawan, melainkan dapat juga disebabkan karena jabatan, pekerjaan ataupun jenjang pendidikan yang telah ditempuh. Dibalik itu terdapat makna filosofis yang terkandung di dalamnya berupa nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang dapat harmonis dan terintegrasi ataupun bersinergi dengan ajaran Islam.Kata Kunci: Mahar,  Paenre’, strata sosial perempuan, Bugis, Bulukumba.
Disparity In The Judge's Ruling About Community Property Disputes After Divorce (An Analysis of The Verdict In The South Jakarta Religious Court, Religious Court of Jakarta And Supreme Court) Kamarusdiana Kamarusdiana
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8266

Abstract

Abstract. There is a discretion in the South Jakarta Religious Court with the provisions of the Compilation of Islamic Law. Thus, the fundamental problem of legal theory and theory which is used by the Judge to decide upon the joint property, why the decision is different between the judges at the first level, the appeal and the cassation, and how the parties' argument in acquiring the common property. The result shows that the argument used by the panel of judges at the first level is in fact of the law property obtained from the income of the wife in addition to meet the sense of justice and benefit. While the judges at the higher level and Cassation in the Supreme Court are more normative to the existing of legal norms. The theoretical approach used by judges at the first level is the theoretical approach of legal realism while the judges at appeal level and Cassation use theories of legal positivism. Keywords: Joint Property, Legal Positivism, The Ijtihad Of Judges, The Disparity Of The Verdict. Abstrak. Terdapat ketidaksesuaian putusan mengenai pembagian harta bersama pada Pengadilan Agama Jakarta Selatan dengan ketentuan dalam Kompilasi Hukum Islam. Sehingga, yang menjadi permasalahan mendasar hukum dan teori apa yang digunakan oleh Hakim untuk memutus harta bersama tersebut, kenapa putusan tersebut berbeda antara hakim ditingkat pertama, banding dan Kasasi, serta bagaimana argumentasi para pihak dalam memperioleh harta bersama. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian penulis, Argumentasi yang digunakan majelis hakim ditingkat pertama ialah secara fakta hukum harta yang diperoleh lebih banyak dari hasil penghasilan isteri disamping untuk memenuhi rasa keadilan dan kemaslahatan. Sedangkan hakim ditingkat II (PTA) dan Kasasi di Mahkamah Agung lebih normatif kepada norma hukum yang sudah ada. Pendekatan teori yang digunakan oleh hakim ditingkat pertama lebih kepada pendekatan teori realisme hukum sementara hakim ditingkat banding dan Kasasi lebih banyak menggunakan teori positivisme hukum.Kata Kunci: Harta Bersama, Positivisme Hukum, Ijtihad Hakim, Disparitas Putusan. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8266
Paradigma Orientasi Mencari Kebenaran Materil Dalam Proses Pembuktian Akta Otentik Yustika Tatar Fauzi Harahap; Isis Ikhwansyah
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8273

Abstract

Abstract.The process of Imposition of mortgages is carried out by two stages. First stage is giving mortgages with debt secured agreements that will continue to make the requesting mortgages deeds that organized by the official certifier of title deeds and second stage is registration phase that organized by land office as its condition raises the mortgages that burdened. Principally the imposition of mortgages shall be carried out by the mortgages giver, if it will be indispensable the granting of mortgages may uses the attorney that based on the form of authorization for the assigment of a mortgages in front of the Official Certifer of title dees so that raise the requesting mortgages deeds. Based on the research resultd found to point of views in the same case of the judges who “limited formal truth” for the main case which can not be solve than “unlimited formal truth” for main cases which can be solved because the judges freely evaluate the evidence to strengthen the  proven fact. Therefore, it’s authentically need the renewal for the new concept of civil law to realized the fairness and usefulnessKeywords: Burden of Proof, Judges, Fairness and usefulnessAbstrak:Proses pembebanan Hak Tanggungan dilaksanakan melalui dua tahap kegiatan, yaitu tahap pemberian Hak Tanggungan dengan cara perjanjian utang-piutang yang dijamin dilanjutkan dengan pembuatan Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan oleh Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah dan tahap pendaftarannya oleh Kantor Pertanahan sebagai syarat lahirnya Hak Tanggungan yang dibebankan. Pada prinsipnya pembebanan hak tanggungan wajib dilakukan sendiri oleh pemberi hak tanggungan, apabila sangat diperlukan pemberi hak tanggungan dapat menggunakan kuasa berdasarkan Akta Surat Kuasa Mebebankan Hak Tanggungan di depan PPAT, sehingga lahirlah Akta Pemberian Hak Tanggungan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan 2 (dua) pandangan dalam perkara yang sama majelis Hakim yang menganut “kebenaran formil terbatas” terhadap pokok perkara tidak dapat terselesaikan sedangkan majelis Hakim yang menganut “kebenaran formil tidak terbatas”, terhadap pokok perkara dapat terselesaikan karena Hakim bebas mengevaluasi bukti-bukti guna proses meyakinkan terhadap fakta yang tebukti. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan pembaharuan hukum acara perdata dengan konsep baru agar dapat terwujud keadilan dan kemanfaatan.Kata Kunci: Beban Pembuktian, Hakim, Keadilan dan kemanfaatan
Legislation Fatwa National Sharia Board-Indonesian Council of Ulama (DSN-MUI) In the State Economic Policy Fitriyani Zein
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8267

Abstract

Abstract: The impact of the development of Sharia Banking System in Indonesia has led to the establishment of Sharia Supervisory Board and the National Sharia Board. Each institution has a different role. As for the DSN which is an institution under the Indonesian Council of Ulama has the authority in regulating the fatwa (a binding rule in religion) of Islamic financial fatwa which later can be referred as the reference of sharia banking actors, so that this role will close the chance of legal uncertainty in the world of Syariah banking. This is as the rule: "Judge's law eliminates dissent.” Herein lies the significant presence of the National Sharia Board. So that the legislative efforts of DSN-MUI fatwa are an Islamic political stance that seeks to convince that Islamic law can not be separated from the state. Therefore, the legislation of the DSN-MUI fatwa is a necessity for the Muslim community of IndonesiaKeywords: Legislation, National Economy, National Sharia Board. Abstrak: Dampak perkembangan Sistem Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia menimbulkan adanya kebijakan pembentukan Dewan Pengawas Syariah dan Dewan Syariah Nasional. Masing-masing lembaga memiliki peran yang berbeda. Akan halnya DSN yang merupakan lembaga di bawah Majelis Ulama Indonesia memiliki kewenangan dalam hal melakukan regulasi fatwa-fatwa keuangan syariah yang nantinya dapat dirujuk sebagai acuan para pelaku perbankan syariah, sehingga dengan adanya peran ini menutup peluang ketidakpastian hukum di dunia perbankan syariah. Hal ini sebagaimana kaidah: “Hukum yang ditetapkan hakim menghilangkan perbedaan pendapat.” Di sinilah letak signifikan kehadiran Dewan Syariah Nasional. Sehingga upaya legislasi fatwa-fatwa DSN-MUI yang dilakukan merupakan sikap politik Islam yang berupaya meyakinkan bahwa hukum Islam tidak dapat dipisahkan dari negara. Karenanya legislasi fatwa-fatwa DSN-MUI merupakan suatu keharusan dan kebutuhan bagi masyarakat muslim IndonesiaKata Kunci: Legislasi, Ekonomi Nasional, Dewan Syariah NasionalDOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8267 
Presidential Threshold Between the Threshold of Candidacy and Threshold of Electability Suparto Suparto
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.4414

Abstract

Abstract. In judicial review on Article 9 of Law Number 42 of 2008 on The Election of President and Vice-President which regulates Presidential threshold, the Constitutional Court refused on the grounds that it is an open legal policy which mandated by Article 6 paragraph (5) of the 1945 Constitution that the administration of the election of President and Vice-President will be further regulated in a Law. This reasoning is insufficient because Article 6 paragraph (5) regulates procedures (phases of the process), not requirements for candidates of President and Vice President to be eligible on participating in the election. Moreover Article 9 of Law Number 42 of 2008 has the potential to expand the norms as stipulated in Article 6A paragraph (2) of the 1945 Constitution that the candidates for President and Vice President shall be nominated by a political party or coalition of political parties participating in the election before the election without any other frills (the threshold). Keywords: Presidential Election, Presidential Threshold  Abstrak. Dalam pengujian Pasal 9 Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 2008 tentang Pemilihan Umum Presiden dan Wakil Presiden mengatur tentang Presidential threshold. Mahkamah Konstitusi menolak dengan alasan hal tersebut merupakan open legal policy dengan bersandarkan pada Pasal 6 ayat (5) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 bahwa tata laksana pelaksanaan pemilihan Presiden dan Wakil Presiden lebih lanjut diatur dalam Undang-Undang. Argumentasi tersebut kurang tepat karena Pasal 6 ayat (5) mengatur tata laksananya (proses tahapan pelaksanaan) bukan persyaratan bagi pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden untuk menjadi peserta pemilu. Selain itu, Pasal 9 Undang-Undang Nomor 42 Tahun 2008 tersebut berpotensi memperluas norma sebagaimana yang diatur dalam Pasal 6A ayat (2) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 bahwa pasangan calon Presiden dan Wakil Presiden diusulkan oleh partai politik atau gabungan partai politik  peserta pemilu sebelum pemilu  tanpa adanya embel-embel lain (adanya ambang batas).Kata kunci: Pemilu Presiden, Presidential Threshold.
Existence of Local Government toward the Implementation of Coaching and Legal Supervision for Franchisee Business Ika Atikah
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8269

Abstract

AbstractThe growth of franchise business is so fast in Indonesia, involving many local businessmen and foreign businessmen who act as franchisor and franchiser. The development of the franchise business is greatly influenced by the protection of the law by the state. Currently, the legal protection of franchise business activities in Indonesia is regulated in Government Regulation no. 42 of 2007 concerning Franchise and Regulation of the Ministry of Trade of the Republic of Indonesia No. 57/M-DAG/PER/9/2014 concerning Franchise Operation. The role of local government to the local franchise and franchise business activities is very helpful to increase franchise activities to be advanced and as one source of local revenue. The importance of the attention of local governments in the issue of franchise business arrangement is a concrete manifestation of the spirit of regional autonomy. The implementation of regional autonomy focuses more on the role of regional level II (regency/city) as the spearhead of development. From that, coaching and legal supervision on franchise business is the most important part of the implementation of government regulations and trade minister regulations as a form of government concern to the uniqueness of franchise businesses that have distinctive characteristics of business in general.Keywords: Franchise, Local Government, Coaching, Supervision  Abstrak Pertumbuhan bisnis waralaba begitu pesat di Indonesia, melibatkan banyak pengusaha lokal dan pengusaha asing yang berperan sebagai pemberi waralaba dan penerima waralaba. Perkembangan bisnis waralaba sangat dipengaruhi perlindungan hukum oleh negara. Saat ini, perlindungan hukum terhadap kegiatan bisnis waralaba di Indonesia diatur dalam Peraturan Pemerintah No. 42 Tahun 2007 tentang Waralaba dan Peraturan Menteri Perdagangan Republik Indonesia No. 57/M-DAG/PER/9/2014 tentang Penyelenggaraan Waralaba. Peran pemerintah daerah terhadap kegiatan bisnis waralaba lokal dan waralaba asing sangat membantu meningkatkan kegiatan waralaba menjadi maju dan sebagai salah satu sumber pendapatan daerah. Pentingnya perhatian pemerintah daerah dalam masalah pengaturan bisnis waralaba adalah wujud nyata dari semangat otonomi daerah. Pelaksanaan otonomi daerah lebih berfokus pada peran daerah tingkat II (kabupaten/kota) sebagai ujung tombak pembangunan. Berangkat dari hal tersebut, pembinaan dan pengawasan hukum terhadap pelaku bisnis waralaba merupakan bagian terpenting dari pelaksanaan peraturan pemerintah dan peraturan menteri perdagangan sebagai bentuk kepedulian pemerintah terhadap keunikan usaha waralaba yang memiliki ciri khas berbeda dari bisnis pada umumnya.Kata Kunci : Waralaba, Pemerintah Daerah, Pembinaan, Pengawasan. DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8269
Hubungan Hukum Dokter dan Pasien Serta Tanggung Jawab Dokter Dalam Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Kesehatan Yussy A. Mannas
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8274

Abstract

Abstract:The emergence rights and obligations as a result of legal relationship between doctors and patients could potentially trigger a dispute between doctors and patients or medical disputes. In an effort to avoid or reduce medical disputes, it is necessary to understand the construction of the legal relationship between doctor and patient. From this legal relationship which will result legal actions and gave rise to legal consequences. In a legal effect, it can’t be separated is about who is responsible, as far as what responsibility can be given. It describes that relationship and the patient's physician if constructed, it can be divided based on two factors; transaction of therapeutic and act. In relation patient - physician based therapeutic, known as therapeutic relationship or transaction therapeutic, there is a binding between patients and physicians in the treatment of the disease or treatment. Engagements happens is inspanningsverbintennis and not resultaatsverbintennis, and must comply with the provisions of Article 1320 of the Civil Code. The relationship between doctor and patient is based on the Act - legislation occurred under Article 1354 of the Civil Code, which formulates zaakwaarneming. Legal relationship that occurs by two things above give rise to legal liability for doctors, the responsibility in the field of disciplinary law, criminal law, civil law and administrative law.Keywords: Doctor, Patient and Legal Relationship.Abstrak:Munculnya hak dan kewajiban sebagai akibat hubungan hukum antara dokter dan pasien berpotensi memicu terjadinya sengketa antara dokter dengan pasien atau sengketa medik. Dalam upaya menghindari atau mengurangi sengketa medik yang terjadi, maka perlu dipahami mengenai konstruksi hubungan hukum antara dokter dengan pasien. Dari hubungan hukum inilah yang akan melahirkan perbuatan hukum dan menimbulkan adanya akibat hukum. Dalam suatu akibat hukum, hal yang tidak dapat dipisahkan adalah mengenai siapa yang bertanggung jawab, sejauh apa tanggung jawab dapat diberikan. Dalam tulisan ini diuraikan bahwa hubungan dokter dan pasien ini jika dikonstruksikan maka dapat dibagi berdasarkan dua hal, yaitu transaksi terapeutik dan undang-undang. Pada hubungan pasien- dokter berdasarkan terapeutik, dikenal hubungan terapeutik atau transaksi terapeutik, yaitu terjadi suatu ikatan antara pasien dan dokter dalam hal pengobatan atau perawatan penyakitnya. Perikatan yang terjadi ialah inspanningsverbintennis dan bukan resultaatsverbintennis, dan harus memenuhi ketentuan Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata. Hubungan dokter dan pasien berdasarkan undang–undang terjadi berdasarkan Pasal 1354 KUHPerdata yang merumuskan tentang zaakwaarneming. Hubungan hukum yang terjadi oleh dua hal diatas menimbulkan tanggung jawab hukum bagi dokter, yaitu tanggung jawab dalam bidang hukum, hukum pidana, hukum perdata dan hukum administrasi.Kata Kunci: Dokter, Pasien dan Hubungan Hukum. 
Kedudukan Hasil Audit Investigatif Pada Kekayaan Badan Usaha Milik Negara Persero Dalam Hukum Pembuktian Pidana di Indonesia Susanto Susanto
Jurnal Cita Hukum Vol 6, No 1 (2018)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah dan Hukum, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/jch.v6i1.8268

Abstract

Abstract:Entering the era of globalization, several state-owned enterprises have improved management, particularly the efficiency of operations in order to be able to face market competition. The improvement measures taken include business restructuring, reduction in the number of employees, implementation of management control systems, and other strategic policies. State-owned enterprises that do not improve management will usually face various difficulties, especially in the financial sector. In the legal process of calculating state losses caused by mistakes of State-Owned Enterprises, an investigative audit is required, because investigative audits can be used to determine whether or not there is a Law Against Acts, mains read and abuse of authority that results in state losses as the majority shareholder in the Owned Enterprise Country. The position of the investigative audit results on State-Owned Enterprises in the Indonesian legal system of proof is; As a statement of the witness, as a proof of letter, as evidence of expert testimony, as evidence of guidance, as evidence of indicated / suspected evidence.Keywords: Investigative Audit, State-Owned Enterprise, Evidence Abstrak:Memasuki era globalisasi, beberapa BUMN telah melakukan perbaikan manajemen, khususnya efisiensi operasi agar mampu menghadapi persaingan pasar. Langkah perbaikan yang dilakukan meliputi restrukturisasi usaha, pengurangan jumlah karyawan, penerapan sistem pengendalian manajemen, dan kebijakan strategis lainnya. BUMN yang tidak melakukan perbaikan manajemen, biasanya akan menghadapi berbagai kesulitan, terutama di bidang finansial. Dalam proses hukum menghitung kerugian negara yang diakibatkan kesalahan Badan Usaha Milik Negara, diperlukan audit investigatif, karena audit investigatif bisa digunakan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya Perbuatan Melawan Hukum, mains read dan penyalahgunaan wewenang yang mengakibatkan adanya kerugian negara selaku pemegang saham mayoritas pada Badan Usaha Milik Negara. Kedudukan hasil audit investigatif pada Badan Usaha Milik Negara dalam sistem hukum pembuktian Indonesia adalah; Sebagai Keterangan Saksi, Sebagai alat bukti surat, Sebagai alat bukti keterangan ahli, Sebagai bukti Petunjuk, Sebagai alat bukti keterangan Terindikasi/Terduga.Kata Kunci: Audit Investigatif, Badan Usaha Milik Negara, Pembuktian

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