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INDONESIA
Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
Published by Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Engineering Environmental Science
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan adalah media online dari makalah yang telah diseminarkan pada acara Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia “Kejuangan” (SNTKK). SNTKK merupakan agenda tahunan yang diselenggarakan oleh Program Studi Teknik Kimia FTI UPN ”Veteran” Yogyakarta. Seminar ini merupakan sarana komunikasi bagi para peneliti dari perguruan tinggi, institusi pendidikan, serta lembaga penelitian maupun industri, dalam mengembangkan teknologi kimia untuk pengolahan sumber daya alam Indonesia.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 588 Documents
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Pembuatan Biobriket dari Limbah Organik Moh Syahri
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

The level of fuel consumption, especially of fossil fuels is increasing and becoming a major part in the industrial sector. Whereas fossil fuels is a resource that can be exhausted. And so we need alternative energy sources that can renewed, good for the environment and economic value. Organic waste has not been fully exploited, although organic waste such as durian skin waste, sawdust, corn cob and a biomass with relatively high calorific value. Alternative might be to manage organic waste into briquettes. Briquettes are Solid fuel made from organic waste in the pyrolysis and solidified. Bio-briquette-making process begins by draining waste durian skin, corn cobs, and sawdust, then in the pyrolysis by a tool pyrolysis (the retort). Bio char formed from the pyrolysis then crushed and sieved to a certain size. After it is mixed with a certain ratio and the added starch adhesive glue and printed with a press. The independent variables used in this study is a comparison of the composition of a mixture of durian skin charcoal, corn cob and sawdust that is 3: 2: 1, 3: 1: 2, 3: 3: 3 and pyrolysis time is 7 hours, 7.5 hours , and 8 hours and robust printing press briquettes are 50, 75 and 100 kg / cm2. Fixed and variable is the size of charcoal partiketie -30 + 50 mesh, 10% starch glue weight of the total weight, the pyrolysis temperature of 500 0C. The results showed that the highest calorific value obtained in the variable composition of 3: 1: 2 with 8 hours pyrolysis and print compressive strength of 100 kg / cm2 is 6960.5650 cal / g. And briquettes to meet the standard briquettes Japan, America, and Indonesia (SNI).
Penurunan Kadar Besi (Fe) dan Mangan (Mn) Dalam Air Tanah dengan Metode Aerasi Conventional Cascadedan Aerasi Vertical Buffle Channel Cascade Sri Hastutiningrum
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Air yang memiliki kandungan Fe dan Mn tinggi bukan berarti tidak dapat dimanfaatkan karena air tersebut dapat diolah terlebih dahulu dengan memanfaatkan teknologi baik teknologi canggih maupun teknologi yang sederhana. Teknologi yang dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pengolahan air dengan kadar Fe dan Mn tinggi adalah aerasi. Aerasi merupakan proses penambahan oksigen ke dalam air sehingga dapat menimbulkan reaksi oksidasi Fe dan Mn yang kemudianakan menyebabkan endapan Fe(OH) 3dan MnO2. Karena Fe dan Mn telah teroksidasi maka kadarnya dalam air akan berkurang. Tujuan dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbandingan efektivitas keduanya dalam menurunkan kadar Fe dan Mn dalam air. Penelitian diawali dengan pembuatan unitaerator, yaitu aerator cascade konvensional dan aerator cascade buffle channel vertikal. Aerator dirancang untuk proses aerasi dengan variasi debit 21 mL/det samapai dengan 134 mL/det serta variasi lamaaerasi 10 hingga 50 menit. Sampel air tanah yang diperlukan untuk setiap variasi debit adalah 20 liter. Setiap proses aerasi dilakukan selama 30 menit, sehingga air yang telah turun melewati step cascadeakan dipompa menuju water torn kembali. Langkah tersebut dilakukan selama 30 menit. Setelah proses aerasi selesai, air yang berada di bak penampungan dimasukkan sebagian ke dalam gelas ukur untuk diamati lama pengendapannya. Selanjutnya, sebagian air hasil aerasi diendapkan dan kemudian diperiksa pH, suhu, kadar DO, Fe dan Mn-nya. Langkah tersebut dilakukan untuk semua variasi debit pada kedua unitaerator. Hasil pemeriksaan kadar Fe dan Mn akan menunjukkan debit optimum. Hasil pemeriksaan DO digunakan untuk menghitung konsentrasi oksigen yang bereaksi dengan Fe dan Mn. Kemudian debit optimum digunakan untuk aerasi dengan variasi lama aerasi 10 menit, 20 menit, 30 menit, 40 menit, dan 50 menit. Setelah proses aerasi selesai, air yang berada di bak penampungan dimasukkan sebagian ke dalam gelas ukur untuk diamati lama pengendapannya. Sebagian air hasil aerasi diendapkan dan kemudian diperiksa pH, suhu, kadar DO, Fe dan Mn-nya. Langkah tersebut dilakukan untuk semua variasi waktu pada kedua unit aerator. Hasil pemeriksaan kadar Fe dan Mn akan menunjukkan lama aerasi optimum. Hasil pemeriksaan DO digunakan untuk menghitung konsentrasi oksigen yang bereaksi dengan Fe dan Mn serta koefisien transfer oksigen (KLa). Hasil Pengujian Fe dan Mn pada Aerasi Conventional Cascade Variasi Debit diperoleh debit optimal pada 84 mL/det mengalami efektivitas penurunan sebesar Fe 95,1 % dan Mn 16,58 %. Hasil Pengujian Fe dan Mn pada Aerasi Vertical Buffle Channel Cascade VariasiDebit diperoleh debit optimal pada 56 mL/det mengalami efektivitas penurunan sebesar Fe 94,29 % dan Mn 23,18 %.
Karakteristik Membran Komposit Poli Eter Eter Keton Tersulfonasi untuk Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Nur Hidayati
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Fuel cell is a device that transforms chemical energy into electrical energy through oxidation-reduction reaction of hydrogen-rich fuel with oxygen or air. Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC) as a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is potentially developed to realize the commercialization of fuel cells in transportation applications. Membrane that is currently widely used for DMFC is Nafion®. However Nafion® membrane has disadvantages such as high price, short-lived and high methanol permeability. Poly Ether Ether Ketone (PEEK) is an alternative material due to having good combinations of physico-chemical and mechanical properties but it is hydrophobic material, therefore it has very low ionic conductivity. This research aims to study the effect of the addition of cesium- phosphotungstic acid (1-15w.% loading) to the sulfonated PEEK (sPEEK) membrane. The analysed characteristics were water uptake, swelling degree, methanol permeability and ionic conductivity. Increased loading of cesium- phophotungstic acid into sPEEK membranes improved the value of water uptake, swelling factor and ionic conductivity. Moreover the methanol permeability through the composite membrane was fortunately reduced up to 9% loading and then increased when the percentage of loading was raised up. Proton conductivity was increased up to 10% loading and lowered at more loading.
Sintesis Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Salak Aktivasi Kimia-Senyawa KOH sebagai Adsorben Proses Adosprsi Zat Warna Metilen Biru Arenst Andreas
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

In this study, activated carbons were prepared through chemical activation of Salacca peel, using KOH as chemical agent. Salacca peels were firstly pre-carbonized in an electrical furnace at temperature of 500 °C, then the peels were impregnated at a fixed salacca peel to potassium carbonate ratio of 1:4 and fixed potassium carbonate concentration of 20 %-w. The impregnated salacca peels were then carbonized at temperature of 800 °C. Activated carbons with a high surface area of 1939 m2/g were obtained. The activated carbon was tested in the adsorption of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous phase. The adsorption study was realized using batch experiments with synthetic MB solution with various initial concentrations of 20, 30, 40, 50 and 55 ppm. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin Radushkevich adsorption models were used for mathematical description of the adsorption equilibrium, and it was found that the experimental data fitted well to the Langmuir isotherm. Batch adsorption studies, based on the assumption of a pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order or intraparticle diffusion mechanism, showed that the kinetic data followed closely a pseudo-second-order rather than a pseudo-first-order mechanism. The adsorption capacity of salacca peel based activated carbons for the removal of MB was found to be 674 mg· g-1. These results indicated the salacca peels derived activated carbons as a potential adsorbent for removal of MB from aqueous solutions.
Sintesis Karbon Aktif dari Kulit Salak dengan Aktivasi H3PO4 sebagai Adsorben Larutan Zat Warna Metilen Biru Maria Angela NS
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Activated carbons have been prepared from salacca peels by chemical activation with phosphoric acid (H3PO4). Salacca peels were firstly impregnated at a fixed salacca peel to phosphoric acid ratio of 1:4 and fixed phosphoric acid concentration of 20 %-w. The impregnated salacca peel were then carbonized in an electrical furnace at temperature of 600 °C in inert condition. Macroporous activated carbons with a high surface area of 691,59 m2/g were obtained. The produced activated carbon the is taken for about 0,025 g to adsorb methylene blue (MB) from 250 mL of aqueous phase with various initial concentration of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 ppm. Based on the adsorption of dye, it can be concluded that the adsorption of the MB obeys the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, with adsorption capacity of 256,41 mg solute/ g activated carbon. Based adsorption studies, based on the assumption of a pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order or intraparticle diffusion mechanism, showed that the kinetic data followed closely a pseudo-second-order rather than a pseudo-first-order mechanism. Experimental results showed that salacca peels seems to be an alternative precursor for commercial activated carbon.
Tinjauan Pengaruh Zeolit terhadap Laju Korosi Baja Karbon dalam Medium Asam Mineral (H2SO4) dan Minuman Berkarbonasi Bambang Hari P
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Zeolites are alumino silicate compounds having a three-dimensional structure with tetrahedral arrangement of units (AlO4)-5 and (SiO4)-4. The zeolite cations are located outside the tetra hedral that can move freely in the cavities of the zeolite particles and acts as a counter ion exchange with other cations outside the zeolite. The properties is what underlies of zeolite as cation exchanger. Carbonated beverages are drinks that are given CO2 pressurized and has a low pH. Although carbonated beverages have a low pH, but it not corrosive. Corrosion is an electrochemical reaction that is certainly the case in the metal when in contact with either dry or wet environments. Corrosion is degradation process with the environment so as to reduce the strength of metal. This research was conducted by immersing the test specimen which was given stress and not given stress in medium (H2SO4) and carbonated beverages mediums with the addition of zeolite particles and without the addition of zeolite particles. The desired result is to know the corrosion rate of mild steel in an environment of carbonated beverages and H2SO4 acid solution in the same pH by using the weight loss method, as well as to determine the effect of zeolite particles on the corrosion rate. The survey results revealed that the addition of zeolite particles can inhibit the corrosion rate of the steel that was given stress is 22,11% in the H2SO4 medium, medium A is 17,39%, medium B is 16,63% and raise the pH of H2SO4 by 150%, medium A 88,46% and medium B 92,308%.
Perbandingan Model Kinetika Hidrolisa Enzimatis Sabut Kelapa Rudy Agustriyanto
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

This article will show a comparison of the reaction kinetics model of enzymatic batch hydrolysis of coconut coir. This reaction is required as one of the stages in the conversion process of lignocellulosic biomass into alternative fuels. Kinetics model plays an important role in explaining the performance and characteristics of the process. Kinetics model can easily be used to control and predict the properties of the process. Kinetics data was obtained from laboratory experiments enzymatic hydrolysis reaction batch of coconut coir by pretreatment using dilute NaOH solution. Profile data will be modeled by first order dynamic model and the results will be compared to power model
Reduksi Sulfat oleh Bakteri Termofilik dari Air Panas Sarongsong Kota Tomohon Jubhar C Mangimbulude
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB) is very useful in the process of soil bioremediation as the former colliery land and contaminated heavy metal soil. The purpose of this research are to determine the content of sulfate in Sarongsong hot spring and determine the activity of SRB (anaerobic conditions) in three different stations. The sample in this study were drawn from Sarongsong hot spring Tomohon at three different stations, and are grouped in two groups: aerobic and anaerobic. This research was conducted in the laboratory of biological master CARC SWCU, Salatiga. The results of measurements performed after 7 days treatment. From three sampling stations Sarongsong hot spring; S1 S2, S3 were obtained that the sulfate content in the S3 is the largest 35 mg / L, followed by S2 11 mg / L and S1 3.5 mg / L. Sulfate reduction levels ranging from S1, S2, S3 conducted by SRB after 7 days treatment in a row is 185 mg/L; 191mg/L; and 197 mg/L. Station three (S3) has amount of sulfate reducing morethan S1 and S2. The results of this research provide information that Sulfate Reducing Bacteria is in Sarongsong hot spring Tomohon.
Tannin Removal by Hot Water as the Pretreatment of the Multi Stages Extraction of Phaleria macrocarpa Bioactive Compounds Tedy Hudaya
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Phaleria macrocarpa is a native Indonesia plant originated from Papua. Its fruit, which is known and widely used as herbal medicine contains various bioactive compounds such as poliphenol, flavonoids, tannin, alkaloid, saponin, sterol, and terpenoid. They contribute to the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the fruit extract. The objective of this study was to assess the selection of solvent treatments which were not only capable of removing unwanted tannin and other sticky components, but also maintained the high content of the antioxidants. A pretreatment prior to the extraction was carried out by using hot water with temperature range of 55 – 100°C to remove tannin. The best pretreatment temperature was then used with a combination of non-polar (n-hexane and chloroform), semi-polar (ethyl acetate), and polar (70% ethanol) solvents. The results showed that the best operating pretreatment temperature for the removal of tannin was 65°C, with removal of 0.5798 mg gallic acid equivalents / g feed. Meanwhile, the best solvent combination was a two stages extraction with ethyl acetate and ethanol which could reduce the tannin content as much as 13%. Finally, ethanol extracts obtained from this combination resulted in the yield of 0.0696 g crude extract / g feed, tannin content of 2.9830 mg gallic acid equivalents / g crude extract, and antioxidant activity of 2.1983 μmoles DPPH / mg crude extract.
The Optimization of Bioactive Compounds Continuous Extraction Conditions from Phaleria macrocarpa Fruit by Percolation Method Susiana Prasetyo
Prosiding Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia "Kejuangan" 2015: Prosiding SNTKK 2015
Publisher : Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan

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Abstract

Crown of god (Phaleria macrocarpa) one of many native Indonesia medicinal plants, posseses with a great potential as natural preservative, food suplement, and medicine due to its high bioactive compounds, especially antioxidant content. Despite of its high potential, local knowledge and applicable tecgnology needed to isolate the precious content are still lacking. This study aimed to develop an effective method to get the highest possible yield of high quality extract from the Phaleria macrocarpa fruit. The method chosen was a non-destructive separation using liquid-solid extraction (leaching) operated in a continous mode by percolation method. Fruits after some pretreatment were extracted using ethanol 70% v /v with the variation of 4 extraction conditions namely: temperature (26 to 52 oC), the ratio of bed length to column diameter (4 to 6), particle diameter (0,22 to 0,90 cm), and solvent flow rate( 5 to 10 mL/min) . The experimental design used was Response Surface Method-Box-Behnken design with 3 center points. The condition of extraction were varied in order to optimize % yield and DPPH equivalent. The optimum condition were found at temperature 39 oC; lb/dk 4; particle diameter 0,22 cm; solvent flow rate 10 mL/min with 93,25% yield and DPPH equivalent of 3,21 μmol DPPH/mg crude extract.

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