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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management

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Published by Universitas Brawijaya

ISSN : 2339076X EISSN : 25022458 DOI : -

Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge

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Articles 905 Documents

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Wheat yield vulnerability: relation to rainfall and suggestions for adaptation Khalid Tafoughalti; E M El Faleh; Y Moujahid; F Ouargaga
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Wheat production is of paramount importance in the region of Meknes, which is mainly produced under rainfed conditions. It is the dominant cereal, the greater proportion being the soft type. During the past few decades, rainfall flaws have caused a number of cases of droughts. These flaws have seriously affecting wheat production. The main objective of this study is the assessment of rainfall variability at monthly, seasonal and annual scales and to determine their impact on wheat yields. To reduce this impact we suggested some mechanisms of adaptation. We used monthly rainfall records for three decades and wheat yields records of fifteen years. Rainfall variability is assessed utilizing the precipitation concentration index and the variation coefficient. The association between wheat yields and cumulative rainfall amounts of different scales was calculated based on a regression model to evaluate the impact of rainfall on wheat yields. Data analysis shown moderate seasonal and irregular annual rainfall distribution. Yields fluctuated from 210 to 4500 Kg/ha with 52% of coefficient of variation. The correlation results shows that soft wheat and hard wheat are strongly correlated with the period of January to March than with the whole growing-season. While they are adversely correlated with the mid-spring. This investigation concluded that synchronizing appropriate adaptation with the period of January to March was crucial to achieving success yield of wheat.

Sustainable production of afforestation and reforestation to salvage land degradation in Asunafo District, Ghana Kenneth Peprah
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Savannazation and marshy areas are common features of once evergreen and deciduous forest of Ghana. Attempts to salvage such degraded lands have considered replacement with closed tree canopy. This study aims at examining efforts at Asunafo forest area to use tree planting of different species to remedy land degradation in a swamp area colonized by shrubs and grasses. Study methods include the use of field visits and transect walk, photography, archival data, key informant interview, community meeting and socio-economic survey for sourcing primary data for analysis. The results indicate that where the swamp is vegetated by shrubs of different kinds, afforestation shows rapid success. And, where the swamp is dominated by grass species, afforestation success is slow. Terminalia ivorensis, Triplochiton scleroxylon and Ceiba pentandra registered quick impacts in height growth, stem development, canopy formation where the degraded land was originally covered with shrubs. Trees grow well when weed competition for essential resources is reduced through weed control. The study concludes that tree planting in swamp area is sustainable land management practice to redeem land degradation. Also, environmental benefits are imperatives but host communities derived near to zero social and economic benefits because such projects happen outside clean development mechanisms’ arrangement.

Soil characteristics pattern with the depth as affected by forest conversion to rubber plantation C Agustina; S R Utami; S Sudarto
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 4, No 1 (2016)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

This research was an attempt to study the impact of forest conversion to intensive rubber plantation on soil characteristics. We selected three landuses (forest, jungle rubber, and rubber plantation) in Bukit Duabelas and Harapan landscape, Jambi, and each repeated three times. Soil profiles were described and sampled at every 10 cm layer to 200 cm depth. Soil bulk density, pH, exchangeable basic cations content, and CEC were determined. The result showed that in three landuses, bulk density is relatively low in the upper 20 cm, but increased with depth. Clay content was lower in forest than other landuses, and increased with depth in forest and jungle rubber. In rubber plantation however, fine clay was accumulated at 60-140 cm depth. The CEC pattern with depth was in accordance to the clay content. There was no significant difference in soil pH between all landuses. In rubber plantation, soil pH was commonly higher in the surface, which probably due to liming activities. Sum of bases decreased with depth and tended to be generally lower in rubber plantation.

Checklist of flora along tourist trails to Mt. Lamongan, East Java (Indonesia): misconception of restoration and ecotourism programs in mountain region? Luchman Hakim; Brian Rahardi; Arief Rachmansyah
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 5, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

The aim of this research was to evaluate the diversity of plant species along the tourist trails to Mt. Lamongan and combat any misconceptions about ecosystem restoration and the ecotourism development program in Mt. Lamongan. A floristic survey was done through flora identification along the hiking trail from the gate of Mt. Lamongan nature recreation area in Papringan Village to the slopes of Mt. Lamongan. The identified species were listed and their taxonomic status analyzed using information from the GRIN website. This study found that exotic plant species are abundant along the tourist tract. Human activities were identified as contributing to the introduction and establishment of exotic plant species. Result of the research indicate that restoration knowledge and techniques do not exist in the Mt. Lamongan region. A comprehensive evaluation of flora should be implemented to enhance the restoration program and protect forest area, especially the tourist corridor to the peak of Mt. Lamongan. Integrated actions to enhance restoration and promote tourism are needed. It encompasses strengthening the restoration concept and technology, eradication of exotic plant species, and establishing a proper tourism interpretive tract.

Application of ecohydraulic bank protection model to improve river bank stability and biotic community in Surabaya River Daru Setyo Rini; Endang Arisoesilaningsih; Donny Harisuseno; S Soemarno
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 5, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Ecohydraulic river bank protection design was developed as ECO-RIPRAP model and has been applied along 100 meter length to restore accelerated erosion sites in Surabaya River at Wringinanom and Klubuk. The model combined re-profiled and re-vegetated bank with rock toe reinforcement and addition of log groynes at 10 meter length interval. Various native plant species were planted on bank slopes, including water plants Ipomoea aquatica and Pistia stratiotes, grasses and shrubs Ipomoea carnea, Pluchea indica, Saccharum spontaneum, Arundo donax, and native tree species Ficus glomerata, Bambusa arundinacea, Dendrocalamus asper, Bambusa vulgaris, Ficus benjamina, Dillenia indica, Psidium guajava, Arthocarpus camansi, Arthocarpus elasticus, Hibiscus mutabilis, Nauclea sp., Inocarpus edulis, and Syzygium polyanthum. The river bank morphology after ECO-RIPRAP application showed alteration from erosion to sedimentation due to rock toe enforcement, log groynes protection, and increase of plant cover on littoral banks that decreased near bank velocity. The macro-invertebrate community shown increase of taxa richness, EPT richness, %EPT and %Atyidae, but decrease of %Chironomidae at restored sites. The fish community shown increase of taxa richness, increase of abundance by 54.2%, increase of Pangasius micronemus abundance by 25.6%, and increase of Hemibragus nemurus abundance by 6.3 % at restored reach. Rare fish species thrive back at restored area, namely Oxyeleotris marmorata, Mastacembelus unicolor and Hampala macrolepidota.

Effect of sago waste, manure and straw biochar on peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growth and yield on an Ultisol of Southeast Sulawesi E Tando; A Nugroho; T Islami
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 4, No 2 (2017)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Farmland in Southeast Sulawesi is largely dominated by Red and Yellow Podzolic soil type or Ultisol up to 60.30% of total soil. Aspects that caused low productivity, deteriorating soil physically and chemical properties in Ultisol soil is low soil organic matter content. Average peanut production in Southeast Sulawesi 2014 reached 0.46 t, on the other hand average domestic production is 1.87 t. The decrease in production is caused by decline in land productivity. Low peanut production is caused by soil fertility. Declining soil fertility can be restored by applying organic matter into the soil, but, in a tropical environment, the rate of organic matter decomposition and mineralization take place very quickly, resulting in additional organic material each planting season. Another alternative is to reduce the organic matter decomposition rate and release carbon in the soil through utilizing agricultural and animal waste into biochar which is resistant to corrosion. The experiment was conducted using a randomized block design which consisted of nine treatments and three replications. The results exhibited that straw biochar at 25%, or 2.48 t/ha + manure biochar at 75% equivalent to 5.87 t/ha was capable of increasing growth and yield rate for peanut varieties Talam 1 . Peanut varieties Talam 1 yield increased after sago waste , manure and straw application, by 45.62% compared to peanut crops yield without utilizing biochar on Ultisol.

Diversity of Oribatids (Acari) at different land use types in Mentebah, Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan Endang Sulistyorini; Rahayu Widyastuti; Sugeng Santoso
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 5, No 4 (2018)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Kalimantan forests are mostly managed by human. Deforestation will affect the ecosystem and species inside. Oribatids are the most abundant soil mesofauna. They have an important role in decomposition of organic matter in the soil. Here, we investigated the effect of six different land use types (i.e. primary forest, secondary forest, jungle rubber, slash and burn, young fallow and old fallow) and evaluated the effect of environmental factors on the abundance and diversity of oribatids. The oribatids were collected using transect method along 100 m with 10 sampling points with the soil depth of 0-5 cm. Oribatids were extracted using Berlese Funnel Heat Extractor. Identification of oribatids was done to family level and diversity index was determined according to Shannon's diversity index. As much as 36 families of oribatids were recorded from the site at Mentebah, Kapuas Hulu. Oribatids in the jungle rubber showed the highest abundance (592.5 individuals/m2), followed by secondary forest (317.5 individuals/m2), primary forest (287.5 individuals/m2), slash and burn (195 individuals/m2), young fallow (157.5 individuals/m2) and old fallow (142.5 individuals/m2). The value of diversity index according to Shannon Wiener (H’) ranged between 1.71-2.64 or categorized as moderate diversity values. The results of the research showed that there were strong coefficient correlation values of some families of oribatids with soil pH, C-organic, N total, C/N ratio, water content and soil temperature

ASGM status in West Nusa Tenggara Province, Indonesia Baiq Dewi Krisnayanti
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Artisanal Small-Scale Gold Mining (ASGM) obviously contributes to serious environmental and health issue for miners, nearby populations, and larger community when the use of mercury (Hg) occurs. Mercury amalgamation is used as a gold recovery technique by 10-12 million ASGM miners around the world and a predicted around 1000 tons of mercury are discharged into the environment every year as a result of poor mining practices. Exposure to mercury can cause serious health effects for future generation, and miners and their families are vulnarable group to expose with mercury vapor and methyl mercury contaminated food in ASGM areas, resulting in increase of levels of mercury in human specimens. Thus, investigate the the effects of mercury on the environment and people health are urgently necessary for developing a better solution to eliminate further mercury contamination to environment in West Nusa Tenggara (WNT) Province. A field survey had been conducted for this research in two main ASGM spots in WNT Province: Sekotong-Lombok island and Taliwang-Sumbawa island. As part of the study, an initial health survey and socio-economic of workers/miners was conducted. Volunteer participants at sampling locations across Sekotong-Lombok and Taliwang-Sumbawa (exposed; indirect exposed; non exposed groups) answered a questionnaire, and allowed the sampling of hair for subsequent analysis. The ore, tailing, plants and soil samples were also collected for investigating Hg concentration on the substances. The results found that the impact of ASGM on increasing economic activity leading to jobs, income and opportunities for social development is positive. However, there is risk of contamination in soil and plants environment through mining activity and high Hg concentration discovered in human body in a short time of ASGM activity. The environmental sustainability of mining can be better regulated within legalised areas. Environmental monitoring will define unacceptable risk and allow for advanced implementation of remedial measures before an uncontrollable disaster occurs.

Weed communities on monoculture and intercropping cultivation techniques Eko Widaryanto
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 4, No 3 (2017)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Monoculture and intercropping systems are techniques of controlling weeds in technical culture (ecology). Change in cropping system from monoculture to intercropping may affect the growth of weed species which cause different interaction between weed and plant competition. This research aimed to determine the composition of the weed community on the cultivation of monoculture and intercropping systems between maize, peanuts and cowpea. Treatment tested were G0= without crops (weedy), G1 = maize with planting distance of 80 x 25 cm, G2= maize with planting distance of 100 x 25 cm, G3 = maize with planting distance of 80 x 25 cm (+3 row of peanut), G4 = maize with planting distance of 100 x 25 cm (+ 4 row of peanut), G5= maize with planting distance of 80 x 25 cm (+3 row of cowpea), G6 = maize with planting distance of 100 x 25 cm (+ 4 row of cowpea), G7 = peanut with planting distance of 25 x 25 cm, and G8 = cowpea with planting distance of 25 x 25 cm. The results showed that based on Sum Dominance Ratio (SDR) analysis, the weeds in this study consisted of 17 species, i.e. 11 species of broadleaf weeds, 3 species of sedges weeds, and 3 species of grasses weeds. The intercropping system of maize with planting distance of 100 x 25 cm (+ 4 rows of cowpea) gave lower weed communities than the other treatments. Coefficient Community (C) that ranged from 4.54 to14.64 showed differences of weeds and weed communities when the coefficient was under 75% or communities weed species had equality species in the community compared. Shannon-Wienner Index (H') showed the diversity of weed communities the H' value ranged between 1.29 and 2.18. Weed control in intercropping system with cowpea reduced weed dry weight. While intercropping systems of G3, G4, G5 and G6 suppressed weed dry weight by 15.38, 27.69, 55.38, and 53.85% compared with G2, respectively.

Sweet potato response to biochar application on sub-optimal dry land Edyson Indawan; Sri Umi Lestari; Nurita Thiasari
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol 5, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

This trial was aimed to evaluate the performance of sweet potato cultivars on biochar application. The treatments were carried out using a Split-plot Design with three replications. The cultivars were placed on main plots and biochar doses were on sub-plots. The thirteen cultivars consisted of seven varieties and six accessions from Tribhuwana Tunggadewi University and Brawijaya University collections. The applied biochar doses were B0 (0 t/ha) and B1 (5 t/ha). The experimental unit measuring of 5 m x 0.6 m consisted of single row and planted with a spacing of 25 cm in row or 20 cuttings/row. The storage root weight, % dry matter, storage root dry weight, dry weight of biomass, harvest index and yield estimation were determined. The results showed that the sweet potato cultivars gave a significant response to the biochar application on fresh storage root weight, storage root dry weight, biomass dry weight, harvest index and storage root yields, but no interaction between cultivars and biochar doses. Storage root yield ranged from 8 to 21 t/ha without biochar and from 10 to 23 t/ha with 5 t biochar /ha, except for Beta 1 and Boko. The use of 5 t biochar /ha increased storage root yields that ranged from 8 to 45%.

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Eko Handayanto

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Kota malang,

Jawa timur

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