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Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 2339076X     EISSN : 25022458     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management is managed by the International Research Centre for the Management of Degraded and Mining Lands (IRC-MEDMIND), research collaboration between Brawijaya University, Mataram University, Massey University, and Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences-China Papers dealing with result of original research, and critical reviews on aspects directed to the management of degraded and mining lands covering topography of a landscape, soil and water quality, biogeochemistry, ecosystem structure and function, and environmental, economic, social and health impacts are welcome with no page charge
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Articles 952 Documents
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Degradation of soils around the Kattakurgan Reservoir and its impact on soil properties Jabbarov, Zafarjon; Abdullaev, Shokhrukh; Rakhmatullaeva, Guljakhon; Abdurakhmonov, Nodirjon; Ismonov, Abduvaxob; Kalandarov, Nazimkhon; Yuldashev, Iskandar; Pulatov, Muxiddin; Mamajanova, Uktamxon; Djabborov, Shavkat
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8957

Abstract

This study investigated hydromorphic processes in soils surrounding the Kattakurgan Reservoir and examines the influence of groundwater on their physicochemical properties. Soil samples were analyzed for particle-size distribution, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total organic carbon (TOC), and major ion content. Particle-size analysis indicated an increase in the proportion of physical clay from 41.2% to 48.3%, confirming a pronounced hydromorphic impact on soil structure in areas where the groundwater table was within the 85-155 cm range. ANOVA and regression analyses revealed strong positive correlations between sand-silt (? = 0.922) and sande-clay (? = 0.391) fractions, whereas TOC and EC exhibited statistically significant negative relationships with sand content. The results further indicated that physical clay content was substantially higher at locations near the reservoir, where hydromorphic conditions were more intense, reflecting the compaction of soil structure associated with elevated groundwater levels. Overall, these findings highlight the critical role of groundwater fluctuations in driving structural changes in soils, with direct implications for their physicochemical properties.  
Flood risk assessment and channel roughness adjustment modeling in a degraded Baliase River basin, Indonesia Yumna, Yumna; Sapareng , Sukriming; Nur , Burhanuddin; Akmal , Akmal; Soma, Andang Suryana
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8997

Abstract

Land degradation in the Baliase River Basin continues to worsen due to increasingly complex hydrological phenomena. This study aimed to evaluate peak discharge as a flood reference for a return period of 2–200 years, estimate channel capacity, determine flood risk status, and simulate hydraulic responses to variations in Manning's n value. Peak discharge calculations use the Nakayasu synthetic unit hydrograph method, with field geometric data modeled using HEC-RAS 6.0 software in a steady-state manner. Four technical scenarios were tested: (1) river normalization, (2) clearing of wild vegetation, (3) bank hardening, and (4) channel deepening/straightening. The analysis results indicate that the Baliase River Basin is generally in critical flood conditions, especially in the downstream and central areas (Stations 6-14). Most river segments are unable to accommodate peak discharges for a repeat period of 2 years. The variation in the n value in each scenario suggests that technical intervention can significantly alter the hydraulic characteristics. Adjusting n values can reduce flood risk, primarily through changes in hydraulic form. Scenario 4 is most effective because it increases the cross-sectional area and hydraulic radius, while Scenarios 1 and 3 contribute by reducing channel roughness. Scenario 2 serves as a support strategy and is ideally combined with other strategies. Priority is given to Scenario 4 in areas where discharge exceeds channel capacity.
Integrated treatment and energy recovery from palm oil mill effluent using laccase-producing microalgae in a microbial fuel cell system Kongthong, Alisa; Yooyen, Thanapon; Chaijak, Pimprapa
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.8987

Abstract

The treatment of palm oil mill effluent (POME) remains a significant environmental challenge due to its high organic load, complex pigmentation, and dark color. This study aimed to develop a sustainable low-input approach for POME treatment and bioelectricity generation using a photosynthetic microbial fuel cell (PMFC) under the environmental conditions. The heterotrophic green microalgae Choricystis parasitica SW-03 and the photosynthetic bacterial consortium have been used for pigment degradation and electricity generation. The degraded metabolites were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS). The results showed the maximal open circuit voltage (OCV) of 0.702±0.02 V. Maximum current and power densities reached 19.20?±?2.40?mA/m3 and 2.81?±?0.61?mW/m3, respectively. The co-culture also demonstrated strong bioremediation performance. GC-MS analysis identified key degraded metabolites, including cyclotrisiloxane, hexamethyl; benzene,  1,3-dimethyl; benzene, 1,2,4-trimethyl; and cyclotetrasiloxane, octamethyl. These findings demonstrate that integrating microalgae SW-03 with photosynthetic bacteria in a PMFC presents an effective and eco-friendly strategy for POME treatment.
Evaluation of groundwater quality in Palu-Sigi Biromaru post-liquefaction, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia Afandi, Moh Fahri; Wilopo, Wahyu; Pranantya, Pulung Arya
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.9041

Abstract

The liquefaction phenomenon on September 28, 2018, in Palu, particularly in Petobo and Jono Oge, caused severe damage and disrupted the shallow aquifer system. This study compared groundwater quality in the non-liquefaction area and the liquefaction area before and after the 2018 earthquake in South Palu and Sigi Biromaru, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia. The data were collected through field and laboratory analyses in 2025 and secondary data in 2018, before the earthquake, from previous researchers. The parameters of groundwater, including physicochemical properties, major ions, stable isotopes (?¹?O-?²H), and E. coli. The results show that non-liquefaction areas remained stable, characterized by Ca-HCO? facies and isotopes close to LMWL, which reflect local meteoric recharge. In contrast, post-liquefaction areas exhibited significant increases in Na?, Cl?, SO?²?, and NO?? along with high content of E. coli bacteria, resulting from a combination of geological processes and anthropogenic activities. Liquefaction also causes land degradation due to the loss of the soil's humus layer, as well as soil pollution from the remains of building materials that collapse during the liquefaction process. These findings confirm that liquefaction accelerates ion mobilization, increases the biological vulnerability of aquifers, and reduces soil quality.
Assessing groundwater recharge zones through land use analysis for sustainable management of degraded catchments in Cokro Spring area of Klaten Regency, Indonesia Riyanto, Dwi Siswo; Hendrayana, Heru; Erwindy, Jossi
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 12 No. 5 (2025)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2025.125.9023

Abstract

Sustainable groundwater availability depends on the optimal functioning of recharge zones, particularly in spring catchments that supply clean water. This study delineates groundwater recharge zones in the 81 km² Cokro Spring catchment, Klaten Regency, using an integrated approach combining Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) geophysical data with a GIS-based Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Eight parameters were analyzed: lithology, rainfall, land use land cover, soil, drainage density, groundwater level, slope, and topography. The resulting recharge map was validated using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis, incorporating both spring observation points and random data points. Results indicated three recharge categories: good (38%), dominated by lapilli tuff and fractured lava, moderate (35%), located in the western fine tuff zone, and poor (27%), in the central area characterized by massive lava and built-up land. Land use changes from 2019 to 2022 revealed increased settlements and reduced infiltration areas, which contributed to a decline in recharge potential. Groundwater levels from 2012 to 2025 decreased at all measurement points, likely driven by LULC changes and increased abstraction. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of the integrated VES-AHP-GIS approach for mapping recharge zones, providing a scientific basis for targeted groundwater conservation and sustainable resource planning in volcanic catchments.
The potential of fungi isolated from palm oil mill effluent (POME) for mycoremediation of water contaminated with pome waste Zakaria, Zakaria; Ilmi, Miftahul; Kasiamdari, Rina Sri
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9153

Abstract

POME (Palm Oil Mill Effluent) is a liquid waste from fresh fruit bunch oil extraction that can damage the environment if the content of the waste is not processed correctly. This study aimed to determine fungi species that can potentially be POME waste remediation agents. Several stages carried out in this study included the isolation of fungi from POME waste, screening potential fungal isolates based on qualitative amylase, lipase, cellulase, and protease enzyme tests, and analysis of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), oil and fat, and pH of POME waste liquid. There were 100 fungal isolates from POME waste disposal: 25 produced cellulase, 25 produced amylase, 25 produced protease, and 23 were capable of producing lipase. Based on the morphological characterization and confirmation by the molecular identification, the selected potential fungal isolate T3(16) was identified as Eutypella sp. The spectrophotometer test for optimal POME waste degradation showed that the degradation percentage by Eutypella sp. isolate T3(16) was 77.82% at a waste concentration of 25% with an incubation time of 168 hours. SEM results from Eutypella sp. T3(16) showed that fungal cells were damaged, with thickening observed as a defense mechanism against environmental stressors and the POME waste biosorbent process. The results of the physicochemical test showed a reduction of 95.10% in BOD, 95.15% in COD, 99.94% in Oil and Fat, and 94.77% in TSS, while the pH increased from 5.0 to 7.2.
The impact of nickel mining on vegetation cover in a small island: a case study in Manuran Island, Raja Ampat, Indonesia Adidharma, Mohammad Afdhal; Mu’min Z, Nurul; Santrio, Adam; Idris, Andi Azwar Anas; Fatmi, Anggun Rahmi Diah; Awaluddin, Awaluddin; Pindasari, Nanang; Ermawati, Elly; Padyawan, Andhy Rahmat; Sirniawan, Sirniawan
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9211

Abstract

The exploitation of small islands (area less than 2000 km²) for mining activities can negatively impact vegetation conditions, as observed on Manuran Island in West Papua Province. This study aimed to assess the environmental impact of mining on Manuran Island by analyzing spatial and temporal changes in vegetation indices using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method to classify land cover using Landsat 7 ETM satellite imagery and Landsat 8 OLI imagery. The NDVI classification grouped four land cover types: non-vegetation, open soil, sparse vegetation, and moderate vegetation. The analysis revealed a significant increase in non-vegetation land cover from 2002 to 2015, indicating a direct impact from mining activities. However, between 2015 and 2025, the area classified as non-vegetation tended to decrease gradually. Conversely, open soil and sparse vegetation experienced a notable decline from 2002 to 2015, followed by a minor decrease in the subsequent period. In contrast, moderate vegetation steadily increased from 2002 to 2025, suggesting a recovery process in the vegetation. To accelerate the environmental and vegetation recovery process, several revegetation strategies, including reclamation, selection of native and pioneer species, and soil improvement techniques, are recommended. The findings of this study suggest that the reduction in mining activity intensity on Manuran Island has contributed positively to ecosystem recovery and that direct interventions are needed to accelerate environmental recovery.
Geochemical stability of reclaimed coal mine waste dump: Implications for pit lake water quality and post-mining landscape utilization Triwibowo, Didik; Elma, Muthia; Suhartono, Eko; Riduan, Rony; Noor, Ihsan
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9059

Abstract

Open-pit coal mining operations require the removal of overburden and the creation of waste dump piles. Waste dump management must consider the classification of the material, specifically whether it is Potentially Acid-Forming (PAF) or Non-Acid-Forming (NAF), based on its geochemical characteristics. This paper examined the geochemical stability of a 10-year-old coal mining overburden waste dump in Paringin, South Kalimantan, which has since been revegetated. Samples were taken from the upstream and downstream sections of the catchment area, based on the NAF homogeneous type of overburden moved to the waste dump area during the reclamation process. This was achieved by creating a soil profile to a depth of 120 cm, resulting in nine samples for each soil profile. The analysis results in the upstream and downstream sections suggested the capacity to neutralize acid. The conclusion was that the overall waste dump has stable geochemical conditions with lower acid mine drainage generation, as represented by a negative NAPP, due to the presence of adequate ANC to neutralize acidity from the Sulfur content in the upstream section and low total Sulfur in the downstream section. The geochemical stability of the waste dump, which is NAF, has a significant influence on the water quality of Paringin Pit Lake, where all surface water from the catchment area flows. These results indicated that no AMD generation occurs in the water of Paringin Pit Lake. With no potency for AMD generation, the overall post-mining landscape could have potential future utilization.
Spatial correlation between coastal distance and pyrite pH in acid sulfate soils of Paser, East Kalimantan Setianingsih, Titin Eka; Bagus Adi Nugroho; Raden Mas Nurhartanto; Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9071

Abstract

Acid sulfate soils derived from marine or tidal swamp sediments containing pyrite (FeS?) pose major challenges to agricultural productivity due to their tendency to generate sulfuric acid upon oxidation. The soils are widely distributed in tropical lowland paddy fields and constitute a significant constraint to both soil fertility and crop yields. This study aimed to investigate the spatial correlation between coastal distance and pyrite-related soil acidity in paddy fields of Paser Regency, East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Soil samples collected from twelve sampling sites in Tanah Grogot and Long Kali Subdistricts were analyzed for initial pH and pH after hydrogen peroxide oxidation. The distances to the coastline were measured using ArcGIS Pro. The results showed that ?pH values ranged from 2.2 to 4.4, with the highest value recorded in Muara Telake (?pH = 4.4, 2.18 km from the coastline). Statistical analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between ?pH and distance from the coast (r = -0.50, p<0.05). Regression analysis further indicated that each unit increase in ?pH corresponded to a reduction of approximately        3.01 km in coastal distance. This study highlighted ?pH as a reliable indicator for identifying potential acid sulfate soil risk zones, particularly in paddy fields within 5 km of the coastline. By integrating soil acidity indicators with lime requirement estimates, the study also identified the potential of coal fly ash (CFA) as a cost-effective amendment to mitigate acidity and improve soil fertility.
Predicting landscape transitions with machine learning: a case study of the Nagavalli Basin (2000-2030) Maarouf, Ruba; Mahammood, Vazeer; Rao, P. Jagadeeswara
Journal of Degraded and Mining Lands Management Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Brawijaya University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15243/jdmlm.2026.131.9225

Abstract

Land-use alterations and changes in land cover (LULC) in the Nagavalli Basin from the years 2000 to 2030 were incisively formulated through machine learning methods. Five years after 2000, this study was adopted to provide a thirty-year cumulative assessment period. Considering 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, 2020, and finally 2025, satellite imagery was analyzed for LULC using a Random Forest (RF) classification model. To create the LULC scenario for the year 2030, the classified data set for this study was applied to ANN modeling techniques, projecting historical trends for future scenario forecasting. The results showed a drastic reduction of agricultural land, dwindling from 32.15% in 2000 to an estimated 6.32% by 2030. Forest cover underwent another decrease, from 50.30 to 32.56%. Impressive growth pressures on the natural ecosystem have increased aquaculture from 0.61% in 2000 to 8.03% in 2030 in terms of land use priorities. Also, a significant increase in wasteland has been projected, with estimates indicating that by 2030, wastelands will encompass 35.03% of the study area. Regarding the relative increase in built-up area percentage, a continuous upward trend indicates that gradual urbanization has also been taking place. Grasslands had an erratic pattern but skyrocketed towards the year 2030, while water bodies across the study area maintained their coherence. The combined effort by the RF and ANN models resulted in an impressive performance towards historical classifications and future predictions. The phenomenal transformation patterns of LULC indicate the anthropogenic pressure exerted on the Nagavalli Basin and would motivate and signal.

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