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Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 14115131     EISSN : 25282794     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Computer Science & IT
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian diterbitkan oleh Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya untuk penyebarluasan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan oleh para peneliti dari dalam dan luar Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian terbit tiga kali dalam setahun, memuat tulisan hasil penelitian yang termasuk dalam lingkup disiplin ilmu pengetahuan yang terkait dengan Ilmu-ilmu Teknologi Pertanian guna menunjang pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi serta pembangunan nasional.
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Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 3 (2007)" : 9 Documents clear
Effect of Wet Salting Method on the Characteristic of Salted Snakedhead Fish (Ophiocepalus striatus) Rahmani, Rahmani; Yunianta, Yunianta; Martati, Erryana
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Dried and salted snakehead fish is a product that processed by salting and drying.   Fish salting depends on salt concentration and salting duration. The aim of the research was to know the effect of salt concentration and salting duration on physical, chemical, and organoleptic characteristics of salted snakehead fish.The research used Randomized Block Design (RBD), which consisted of two factors. The first factor was salt concentration that consisted of three levels: 20%, 30% and 40% (w/v). Second factor was salting time that consisted of three levels: 12, 24 and 34 hours.  Data was analyzed by variance analysis (ANOVA) and followed by LSD or DMRT test (α=5%).  The best treatment was selected by De Garmo method supported by t-test to compare best treated sample to commercial salted snakehead.The results showed that salt concentration and salting duration has no significant effect (α=5%) on chemical parameters, including protein content, salt content, water content, ash content, TVB value and water activity (AW). However, organoleptic parameters showed significant effect (α=5%) on hedonic scale of taste.  The interaction of both treatments had no significant effect on all parameters.Based on the results, the best treatment was obtained at the application of 20% salt concentration and 24 hours salting time, which had physicochemical parameters as follow: 52,74% protein content, 7,93% salt content, 24,02% water content, 0,19% ash content, 12,74 mg N/100 g TVB value and 0,73 Aw. The results of the microbiological analysis showed that salted snakehead fish that stored for 30 days contained total fungi of 1,9X104 colony/ml, and also total halophilic bacteria of 2,9X105 colony/ml.Keywords: salt concentration, salting duration, salted snakehead fish
Effect of Harvesting Time and Wax Coating on Deterioration Rate of ‘Pondoh’ Snake Fruit Stored at Room Temperature Santosa, Budi
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Snake fruit, known to have a high respiratory rate, is a perishable product with a shelf life of 6-7 days. For fresh consumption, the fruit is usualy harvested when it is fully mature. This research was aimed to determine an optimum harvesting time and to elucidate the effect of wax coating on quality changes during storage at room temperature. The harvesting was conducted at 5, 6 and 7 month after pollination. The harvested fruit was observed for the fruit morphological and sensoric characteristics and the total soluble solid, total acids, vitamin C and moisture contents. The fruits at certain degrees of maturity were selected for further wax coating treatment. The selected degree of maturity fruits was  wax coated (10%) and and compared the changes with the uncoated one during storage at room temperature. The changes in sensoric characteristics (freshness, off-odour) and physico-chemical aspects of the fruits: total acidity, reducing sugars, fruit hardness during storage were observed. The results showed that the optimum time of harvesting the snake fruit was 6 months. Wax coating definitely extended the shelflife of the fruit up to 2 ( two) weeks. It was partly due to the inhibition of the declining of sugars and tannins.Keywords : harvesting time, wax coating, snake fruit var. pondoh
The Fermentation Study on Polyhydroxyalkanoates Produced by Ralstonia eutropha from Hydrolized Sago Starch as The Carbon Source Atifah, Nur; Syamsu, Khaswar; Suryani, Ani
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), microbial bioplastics, not only were similar in properties with those made of petrochemical products, they were also completely biodegradable. At the moment, the price of PHAs was still high. This research was conducted to investigate the ability of Ralstonia eutropha to produce PHAs on a sago starch-based substrate, one of the cheap and abundantly renewable resources in Indonesia, and to characterize the PHAs produced. The microorganism was grown on the hydrolyzed sago starch with an initial sugar concentration of 30 g/lIt was found that the best value of the maximum specific growth rate (µmax) was  0,188 h-1. Kinetic parameters at 96 hour-batch fermentation showed the respective final cell and PHA concentrations of 4,41 g/L and 1,44 g/L. The yields of cell biomass (Yx/s), PHAs per gram of cells (Yp/x), PHAs per gram of substrate (Yp/s) and the percentage of substrate consumption  (∆S/So) were, 0.15 g cell/g sugar; 0.35 g PHA/g cells; 0.06 g PHA/g sugar and 99%, respectively.  The PHAs produced were predominantly composed of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) as the functional groups with a melting point of 163,96 oC.Keywords : hydrolyzed sago starch, PHA, Ralstonia eutropha
Extraction and Stability of Betacyanin from Blood Leaf (Study on Water to Ethanol Ratio and Extraction Temperature) Khuluq, Ahmad Dhiaul; Widjanarko, Simon Bambang; Murtini, Erni Sofia
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

The aim of this research was to know the temperature’s influence and the solvent comparison (water:ethanol) on the betacyanin extract properties from blood leaf. The research was also aimed to know the stability of betacyanin extract toward temperature, pH, oxidant, and light of the best treatment. This research was conducted in two factorial randomized block design. The first factor was extraction temperature (4oC, 30oC and 60oC) and the second factor was water to ethanol ratio (8:2, 5:5, and 2:8 (v/v). Each treatment combination was conducted in triplication. The result of this research was analyzed using ANOVA, followed by 5% LSD test. If it had interaction, it would be continued by DMRT 5% test. The best treatment was tested using De Garmo effectiveness index. The best characteristic of extract was obtained from the water to ethanol ratio of 5:5 and extraction temperature of 30oC. Extract had physic-chemical properties as follows: betacyanin content of 45,81 mg/100 g, yield of 81,05%, ethanol residue of 0,099%, pH of 6,68, and color intensity L* of 24,4; a* of 4,7; and b* of 7,9. The stability of extract decreased as well as the increasing of heating temperature, oxidant concentration (H2O2), and duration of lamp rays radiation, and the extract stability increased at pH 5Keywords: Betacyanin, solvent, temperature, stability
Determination of Edible Film Permeability Coefficients to Water Vapor, Oxygen, and Carbon Dioxide Transmission Lastriyanto, Anang; Argo, Bambang Dwi; S., Sumardi H.; Komar, Nur; Hawa, La Choviya; Hermanto, Mochamad Bagus
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Edible film is commonly used in the preservation of fresh and minimally processed fruits. The suitability to be used for such purpose mainly determined by its physical characteristics like transmission properties, particularly its permeability to water vapour, oxygen and carbon dioxide. The research was conducted to determine the transmission properties of the edible film made up of low metoxyl pectins (LMP) as a primary component combined with stearic acid at a level of 0.25% v/v. Particular study was made to determine the permeability of the film towards water vapour, oxygen and carbon dioxide at various ranges of temperatures (5 to 28oC) and relative humidities (0 to 80%) examined on the film with thicknesses of 20 – 50 µm. The results indicated that the permeability coefficients of the film varied with transmitted substances. The values were 12.89 – 19.45 g.mm/ (m2.day.kPa) for water vapour, 3.26 – 28 mL.mm/(m2.day.kPa) for oxygen and 149 – 129 mL.mm/(m2.day.kPa) for carbon dioxide.Key words: LMP-based edible film, permeability coefficients
Antioxidant Activity of Extracts Obtained by Applying Various Solvents to the Local Brown Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) Bran Dewi, Juwita Ratna; Estiasih, Teti; Murtini, Erni Sofia
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

A completely randomized design experiment was conducted to determine the antioxidant activity of bran extracts obtained by applying various solvents to the local brown sorghum grain. Four types of technical grade of solvents were employed, namely aquadest, ethanol 96%, methanol 98% and acetone 98%. Each bran extract was obtained by shaking for 8 hrs in a single solvent, respectively. The extract was vacuum dried prior to use. The antioxidant activity of the extract was assessed by determining its ability for free radicals (DPPH) scavenging and for the ability for oxidation inhibition of a particular fatty acid with ferric thiocyanate.The results indicated that the levels of phenols, tannin and anthocyanin, varied with the solvent and the methanol extract contained the highest level of total phenols (55.7%). The highest radical scavenging activity was found at a concentration of 400 ppm. The methanol extract (400 ppm) showed the highest EC50 value (81,5 %), which was slightly lower than that of BHT. The order of oxidative inhibition, from the highest one, was the extracts of methanol > ethanol > acetone > aquadest. The value of the methanol extract was almost comparable the one of BHT. Both the scavenging activity and oxidative inhibition were correlated positively with the levels of tannin and other phenols, but negatively correlated with the anthocyanin content.Keywords: brown sorghum, bran extracts, antioxidant activity
Evaluation and Revision of Standard Operating Procedure of Cleaning in the Production of Condensed Sweetened Milk of a Particular Company Sukardi, Sukardi; T., Retno Astuti; Dianasari, R.
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) of the cleaning process, particularly the manual cleaning in the production of condensed sweetened milk of a particular company. A descriptive method of analysis was used in the study. Aspects evaluated were cleaning time, methods, tools and the cleaning steps. The works were focused on two processing steps, namely filling and squeezeable bottling machines. The SOP of manual cleaning in the filling step was well implemented and the data were fully documented and therefore may be evaluated. The study suggested that some improvement of SOP for manual cleaning was needed, especially on the cleaning of filling machines Ferrum 24 and 28 and for the FMC. It was recommended to schedule and to time the cleaning. It was also necessary to improve the cleaning method and to use Bahasa Indonesia for the SOP. The use of picture or photographs for the SOP of cleaning steps will be very helpful. On the other hand, the SOP of the squeezeable bottling machine was considered to be appropriate enough and therefore no improvement was required.Keywords: evaluation, SOP, cleaning
Utilization of Tamarind (Tamarindus indica) Seed for Coagulation of Tofu Industry Wastewater (Study on Tamarind Seed Powder Concentration and Stirring Time) Nurika, Irnia; Mulyarto, Aunur Rofiq; Afshari, Kunty
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of tamarind seed as a natural coagulant and stirring time in the quality improvement of waste water produced by tofu industries. The levels of tamarind seed flour added were 6 g/L, 10g/L and 14g/L, and the stirring time of 3 min and 5 min respectively. The experiment was carried out in triplicates and assessing the parameters of total soluble solids (TSS), BOD, dissolved oxygen (DO) and the pH.The results showed that the tamarind seed flour was able to reduce the level of parameters studied. The best treatment was obtained from the application of tamarind seed flour at a level of 14 g/L and 3 minutes stirring time. This combination was able to reduce  67.29% of the TSS level (from 425 mg/L to 139 mg/L) and 24.18% of the BOD5 value (from 71 mg/L to 53.83 mg/L) and to increase 53.85% of the DO value (from 1.8 mg/L to 3.90 mg/L) and pH value from 3.93 to 4.57. The BOD5 level of the treated water met the requirement of the quality standard of waste water for the tofu industry, except the TSS, DO and pH values.Keywords: coagulation, natural coagulant, tamarind seed
Production Plan of Home Scale Tomato Kefir Wignyanto, Wignyanto; Nurika, Irnia; Vida, Ike
Jurnal Teknologi Pertanian Vol 8, No 3 (2007)
Publisher : Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya

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Abstract

Tomato kefir is made by fermenting tomato using kefir cultures, which were considered as probiotics.  This research was aimed to find out the concentration of sucrose and the appropriate length of fermentation in making tomato kefir, and to gain the projection of which home industry scale production was financially feasible.  The Randomized Block Design was in the experiment assessing the above-mentioned two factors. The results indicated that the best tomato kefir may be obtained by addition of the sucrose at a level of 12.5% and 48 hours fermentation. Production planning for home industry scale of the tomato kefir was advised to be carried out at a production capacity of 15 liters/day which was packed in 60 ml/bottle each. At the scale, 4 employees were need.  It was found out that the cost was Rp. 600/bottle.  With the expected profit as much as 20%, so the selling price must be Rp. 1.100.  The calculation of BEP shows that the company will be paid off after selling 35.961 bottles, equal with Rp. 36.575.785.  The investment will be returned in less than 1 year.Key words: production planning, kefir, tomato

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