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Journal of Regional and City Planning
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 25026429     EISSN : 25026429     DOI : https://doi.org/10.5614/jpwk
Core Subject : Humanities, Social, Engineering,
Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Environmental Science Social Sciences Transportation
Journal of Regional and City Planning or JRCP is an open access journal mainly focusing on urban and regional studies and planning in transitional, developing and emerging economies. JRCP covers topics related to the analysis, sciences, development, intervention, and design of communities, cities, and regions including their physical, spatial, technological, economic, social and political environments. The journal is committed to create a multidisciplinary forum in the field by seeking original paper submissions from planners, architects, geographers, economists, sociologists, humanists, political scientists, environmentalists, engineers and other who are interested in the history, transformation and future of cities and regions in transitional, developing and emerging economies.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Sosial - Geografi, Perencanaan dan Pengembangan
Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 20 No. 2 (2009)" : 5 Documents clear
A Comparative Study on Free Trade Zone: Development Through Spatial Economic Concentration Adiwan F Aritenang
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 20 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

 Karena negara-negara mengalami keterbatasan sumberdaya, para peneliti dan pemerintah mencari alternative skema dan pola pembangunan. Dalam bidang Ilmu Regional, yang dimulai lima decade yang lalu, konsep kutub pertumbuhan yang muncul telah memperkenalkan fenomena multiplier effects dan trickling down. Ide ini telah diterjemahkan ke dalam berbagai konsep pembangunan, termasuk Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas (KPB). Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami factor-faktor penentu yang berkontribusi secara signifikan pada performa ekonomi dan spillover extend KPB. Menggunakan analisa statistic, tulisan ini mempelajari perbandingan antara faktor-faktor kompetitif dan performa ekonomi dari tiga KPB di wilayah Asia, yaitu Batam (Indonesia), Subic (Filipina), dan Shenzhen (China). Dalam menentukan faktor-faktor kompetitif, tulisan ini mengikuti konsep Neo-klasik seperti local endowment, modal infrastruktur dan manusia, dan juga pendekatan kelembagaan dengan variabel-variabel termasuk kebijakan pemerintah and akses pasar. Penelitian ini mendapati bahwa performa ekonomi KPB bergantung pada kekonsistenan kebijakan pemerintah nasional dan local dan ketersediaan infrastruktur.Kata kunci: Kawasan Perdagangan Bebas, Geografi Ekonomi, Statistik perdagangan Batam As countries are limited on resources, governments and researchers seeks alternative schemes and forms of development. In the regional science subject, started in more than five decades ago concepts of growth pole emergence that introduce multiplier effects and trickling down phenomenon. This idea has been translated to various forms of development concepts, including the free trade zones (FTZ).This paper aims to understand the determining factors that contribute significantly to FTZ economic performance and spillovers extend. Using statistical analysis, this article studies the comparison of competitive factors and economic performances on three FTZ in the Asia region, which are Batam (Indonesia), Subic (Philippines), and Shenzhen (China). In determining competitive factors, this paper follows the idea of Neo-classical such as local endowments, infrastructure and human capital, and also institutional approach with variables including government policies and market access. The research found that economic performance of FTZ depends on local and national government policies consistency and infrastructure availability.Keywords: Free trade zone, Economic Geography, Batam Trade Statistics
Pola Distribusi Spasial Minimarket di Kota–Kota Kecil Astri Aulia S; Adisti Midella Elmanisa; Myra P Gunawan
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 20 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

Keterbatasan lahan di kota-kota besar mengakibatkanterjadinya pergeseran lokasi ritel modern (minimarket) ke pinggiran kota dan kota-kota kecil. Penelitian ini mengamati perkembangan minimarket pada kota-kota kecil di wilayah Bandung Metropolitan Area berdasarkan fungsi spesifiknya, yaitu sebagai kawasan pemerintahan (Soreang), kawasan pendidikan dan komersial (Tanjungsari) dan kawasan pariwisata (Lembang). Selain berdampak positif pada kondisi ekonomi kawasan, perkembangan sporadis minimarket juga berdampak negatif, seperti persoalan guna lahan, transportasi, dan persaingan ekonomi terhadap pasar tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi dampak ekonomi keberadaan ritel modern di kota-kota kecil dengan mengidentifikasi sistem penyediaan (supply) dan permintaan (demand) pada wilayah studi. Hasilnya menunjukan bahwa terdapat tumpang tindih area pelayanan antara minimarket dan pasar tradisional; kedekatan lokasi minimarket dengan ritel tradisional telah memberikan dampak pada usaha dan kinerja ritel tradisional; perilaku belanja masyarakat di kota-kota kecil belum mengancam keberlangsungan ritel tradisional;serta ritel-ritel modern dengan jenis toserba dan supermarket memberikan peluang yang lebih besar dalam memberikan media pemasaran bagi produk masyarakat lokal dibandingkan dengan minimarket.Kata kunci: pengecer modern dan tradisional, system permintaan dan penawaran, perekonomian kota-kota kecil Limited land in large cities causes a shift of modern retail stores (minimarket) to the fringe areas and small cities. This study observed the development of minimarket in small towns around the Urban Area of Bandung Raya. Three areas were chosen based on their specific functions, i.e., administration (Soreang), education and commerce (Tanjungsari), and tourism (Lembang). In addition to positive impact to the economy of the region, the development of minimarket has negative impact such as problems in land use, transportation and economic competition with traditional market. This study aims at identifying the economic impact of modern retail development in small towns by identifying the supply and demand system of minimarket in selected cities. The results shows (1) the overlapping service area between minimarket with traditional market, (2) the proximity of minimarket with traditional market has affected the business performance of traditional markets, (3) shopping behavior of people in small towns has shifted from traditional market to minimarket -as a complementer market-and have not been a threat to the sustainability of traditional markets yet, (4) modern retailers in the form of convenience stores (toserba) and supermarkets have more opportunity to become outlets for local products compared with minimarket.Keywords: modern retail, traditional retail, supply and demand, small towns economic 
Studi Perbandingan Karakteristik Pemanfaatan Fasilitas Penghuni Perumahan di Kawasan Coklat dan Kawasan Hijau di Kota Bandung Catri Citraningtias; Iwan Kustiwan
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 20 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

Pembangunan perumahan di kawasan pinggiran kota, merubah lahan pertanian menjadi perumahan yang dikenal dengan istilah greenfield development. Pola ini berlawanan dengan strategi kompaksi perkotaan yang salah satunya diwujudkan melalui brownfield development, yaitu pemanfaatan kembali lahan yang telah terbangun. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk membandingkan karakteristik pemanfaatan fasilitas penghuni perumahan di kawasan coklat dan kawasan hijau di kota Bandung. Sampel kawasan perumahan dipilih dengan metode purposive sampling. Proses sampling diawali dengan melakukan overlay peta untuk menentukan perumahan mana saja yang mengalami pengembangan kawasan coklat ataupun pengembangan kawasan hijau. Berdasarkan pembagian kawasan perkotaan, kawasan-kawasan perumahan formal/terencana akan dipilih pada tiap kategori kawasan (pusat, transisi, dan pinggiran). Terdapat perbedaan karakteristik fisik dan karakteristik sosial ekonomi penghuni di kawasan coklat dan kawasan hijau. Preferensi penghuni dalam memilih fasilitas yang digunakan erat kaitannya dengan kedekatan fasilitas terhadap tempat tinggal. Faktor yang berpengaruh dalam pemanfaatan fasilitas penghuni adalah ketersediaan fasilitas internal dan ketersediaan fasilitas eksternal. Sementara itu, karakteristik sosial ekonomi penghuni tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan dalam pemanfaatan fasilitas.Kata Kunci: brownfield development, greenfield development, karakteristik pemanfaatan fasilitas. Housing development in urban fringe area has changed agriculture land into housing area known as greenfield development. This pattern is in contrast with urban compact strategy whose manifestation is among others through brownfield development, i.e. reutilization of built land area. The objective of the study is to compare the characteristic of housing facilities in brown area and green area in Bandung. Samples are selected using purposive sampling. The sampling process is begun by overlaying map to determine which housing areas experiencing brownfield or greenfield development. Based on the division of urban area, areas of formal/planned housing will be selected in each area category (central, transition, and fringe areas). There are physical and socio-economical characteristics differences among the residents in brown area and green area. The residents' preferences in selecting the facilities they are going to use are closely related to the proximity of the facilities with their houses. Factors influencing the use of facilities by the residents are internal facilities availability and external facilities availability. In the mean time, the residents' socio-economic characteristics do not significantly influence the facilities utilization.Keywords: brownfield development, greenfield development, characteristics of facility utilization
Trust dan Leadership Dalam Praktik Perencanaan Kota di Era Demokrasi dan Otonomi Daerah Natalia Pertiwi Ginting
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 20 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

 Perencana tidak hanya dihadapkan pada tantangan bagaimana merencanakan teknis penyelesaian permasalahan perkotaan secara tepat. Perencana juga dituntut untuk mampu menggerakkan seluruh elemen kota untuk mendukung keberhasilan implementasi rencana yang disusun. Hal ini tidak mudah karena keputusan perencanaan dan implementasinya bersinggungan dengan etika dan pilihan kepentingan yang tidak terpisahkan dari proses politik. Sebagai bentuk perwujudan demokrasi dan desentralisasi untuk kesejahteraan masyarakat, masyarakat dapat memilih kepala daerahnya secara langsung sesuai dengan aspirasinya. Implikasinya, tantangan yang dihadapi perencana dalam menerapkan perencanaan yang ideal akan semakin kompleks. Untuk mendukung keberhasilan pembangunan perkotaan, konsep trust dan leadership perlu dikembangkan dalam praktek perencanaan kota. Tujuan dari penulisan makalah ini adalah untuk mengkaji pentingnya penerapan konsep trust dan leadership dalam praktik perencanaan kota. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penulisan makalah ini adalah metode desk study terkait dengan planning theory and ethics, urban politics, desentralisasi, perencanaan kota, perencanaan partisipatif, dan pembangunan. Disimpulkan bahwa trust dan leadership penting untuk dipahami dan dimiliki oleh perencana kota dalam mewujudkan keberhasilan pembangunan perkotaan.Kata kunci: Desentralisasi; Etika, Kepentingan; Trust; Leadership Planners are not only faced with the challenge of how to plan the solutions for urban problem accurately, but are also expected to move the entire urban element to support the success of the implementation of the plan. This is not easy since planning decision and its implementation touch the ethics and choice of interests that are inseparable from political process. As the manifestation of democracy and decentralization for community welfare, people can directly select their own leader. As a consequence, challenges faced by planners in implementing ideal concept of planning get more complex. To support the success of urban development, the concept of trust and leadership should be developed in urban planning practice. The objective of this paper is to assess the importance of the application of trust and leadership concept in urban planning practice. The methodology used in this article is desk study method related to planning theory and ethics, urban politics, decentralization, urban planning, participative planning and development. It is concluded that trust and leadership are imperative to be possessed and understood by urban planners for the success of urban development.Keywords: Decentralization, ethics, Interest, Trust; Leadership
Perencanaan Partisipatif pada Tingkat Kelurahan Sebagai Upaya Pengentasan Kemiskinan pada Permukiman Kumuh Perkotaan Winny Astuti
Journal of Regional and City Planning Vol. 20 No. 2 (2009)
Publisher : The Institute for Research and Community Services, Institut Teknologi Bandung

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Abstract

Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) Indonesia menetapkan "Penanggulangan Kemiskinan dan Kelaparan" sebagai target pencapaian yang pertama. Kendala utama adalah kurangnya kemampuan untuk keluar dari garis kemiskinan karena biasanya kelembagaan masyarakat di lingkungan tersebut kurang memberi akses bagi penyertaan sosial, pemberdayaan, maupun keamanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan, pertama untuk mencari Konsep Model Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Permukiman Kumuh Sebagai Upaya Pengentasan Kemiskinan Perkotaan Yang Berkelanjutan (PMPKB) dan kedua, untuk menerapkan konsep Model PMPKB. Metode yang digunakan adalah Participatory Action Research (PAR) yang menempatkan peneliti dan yang diteliti dalam satu kerangka proses. Model PMPKB diterapkan di 5 kelurahan di kota Surakarta. Hasil di kelurahan Joyosuran menunjukkan bahwa Model PMPKB yang dimulai dari pemetaan masalah partisipatif sampai dengan rencana tindak komunitas serta diakhiri dengan pengintegrasian dengan rolling plan perencanaan pada tingkat kota, bisa menjadi instrumen untuk mengakomodasi aspirasi masyarakat melalui perencanaan dari bawah (bottom-up planning) yang bisa menjamin dan memastikan terintegrasinya proses bottom-up planning pada level kelurahan (sub kota) di dalam dokumen perencanan pada level kotaKata Kunci: Perencanaan Partisipatif; Kelurahan; Kemiskinan; Pemukiman Kumuh; Perkotaan; Model ; Pemberdayaan Masyarakat The Indonesia's Millenium Development Goals (MDGs) has designated "the Eradication of Poverty and Hunger" as the first target of achievement. The main obstacle is the lack of capability to escape from the poverty line because community institutions in the neighborhood do not sufficiently provide access for social inclusion, empowerment, and security. This research aims at, first, finding the Model of Slums Settlement Community Empowerment Concept as an effort for Sustainable Urban Poverty Alleviation (PMPKB), and second, implementing the PMPKB concept model. The method used in this research is Participatory Action Research (PAR) where the researchers and the object of research are put in one process framework. This model was implemented in 5 districts in Surakarta municipality. The implementation of the model at Joyosuran district shows that the PMPKB model which begins with the mapping of participative problems until community action plan and ends with the integration with the rolling plan at the municipality level, can become an instrument to accommodate community aspiration through bottom-up planning that can guarantee and ensure the integration of bottom-up planning at the district level in the planning document at the city level.Keywords: Participative planning, District, Poverty, Slums Settlement, Urban, Model, Community Empowerment

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