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Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences
Published by Institut Teknologi Bandung
ISSN : 23375760     EISSN : 23385510     DOI : https://doi.org/10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.
Core Subject : Science, Education,
Astronomy Chemistry Earth & Planetary Sciences Mathematics Physics
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences welcomes full research articles in the area of Mathematics and Natural Sciences from the following subject areas: Astronomy, Chemistry, Earth Sciences (Geodesy, Geology, Geophysics, Oceanography, Meteorology), Life Sciences (Agriculture, Biochemistry, Biology, Health, Medical, Pharmacy), Mathematics, Physics, and Statistics.
Arjuna Subject : Matematika - Matematika (Lain-Lain)
Articles 9 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)" : 9 Documents clear
Multifractal Characterization of Pore Size Distributions of Peat Soil Joko Sampurno; Azrul Azwar; Fourier Dzar Eljabbar Latief; Wahyu Srigutomo
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2016.48.2.2

Abstract

This paper discusses a multifractal analysis of the microscopic structure of peat soil. The aim of this study was to apply the multifractal technique to analyze the properties of five slices of peat soil (L1-L5). Binary images (220 x 220 pixels, with a conversion value of 9.41 μm/pixel) were made from the thin slices and then analyzed. This analysis was conducted to obtain the relationship between physical parameters and complexity parameters. The results showed that the spectrum of f(α) can describe well the pore size distribution and average size of pores correlated with the value of D(0). A high value of the average pore size is followed by a low D value and vice versa.
Optimal Vaccination and Treatment Schedules in a Deterministic Avian influenza Model Nuning Nuraini; Tasmi Tasmi
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2016.48.2.7

Abstract

In this study, a transmission model of the Avian influenza disease was developed and analyzedin view of optimization of vaccination and medical treatment. The model is a host-vector model. We focussed on control of Avian influenza, where a vaccination is given to susceptible poultry, while medical treatment is given to infected humans. In the model, the human population is divided into four compartments: susceptible humans, infected humans, recovered humans, and treated humans. Meanwhile, the poultry population is divided into three compartments: susceptible poultry, infected poultry, and vaccinated poultry. To analyze the dynamical behavior of the model, we obtained the disease-free equilibrium, the endemic equilibrium, and the basic reproduction ratio.Furthermore, a model of the optimal vaccination and medical treatment schedule was constructed to know the optimal strategy for controlling Avian influenza. The model can be used to determine the minimal cost of controlling the disease. The model is solved by a genetic algorithm method. Numerical simulations showed that effective control of Avian influenza can be achieved with a combination of vaccination and medical treatment. Likewise, the optimal schedule and strategy for controlling Avian influenza are shown.
A Study of Multiple Scattering in BGO and LYSO Single Crystal Scintillators Kittipong Seingsanor; Pruittipol Limkitjaroenporn; Jakrapong Kaewkhao
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2016.48.2.5

Abstract

The angular distribution of multiple Compton scatterings from BGO and LYSO single crystal scintillators was studied at various scattering angles. Gamma photons with 662 keV energy, acquired from a 137Cs source, were used. The scattered photons were detected by a 51mm × 51mm NaI(Tl) scintillation detector. The overall energy correlated to the total number of scattered incidents was analytically reconstructed. The research found that the multiply scattered incidents had the same energy as received from the singly scattered distribution, as the attribution of multiply scattered incidents near the 90° scattering angle revealed. The research results were in agreement with the theoretical calculations.
Antihyperglycemic Activity of Piper crocatum Leaves and Cinnamomum burmannii Bark Mixture Extract in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats Mega Safithri Hasibuan; Sedarnawati Yasni; Maria Bintang; Anna Setiadi Ranti
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2016.48.2.8

Abstract

Indonesia presently has the fourth largest diabetic mellitus prevalence of all countries in the world. In a previous study, a mixture extract of Piper crocatum leaves and Cinnamomum burmannii bark showed in vitro antihyperglycemic activity. It acted as inhibitor of the a-glucosidase enzyme and had no toxic effect when it was administered orally to male and female rats for 28 days. In the present study, mixture extracts of P. crocatum leaves and C. burmannii bark were used to observe antihyperglycemic activity in diabetic rats induced with streptozotocin. Mixture extracts of P. crocatum leaves and C. burmannii bark were orally given to diabetic Sprague Dawley rats at various doses for 16 days. The results showed that the treatment led to a reduction of the blood glucose level, an increase in blood insulin level up to 170.75% at 1260 mg/kg body weight, maintaining the blood lipid level of the diabetic rats at a normal level, and an increase of pancreatic ß cells in the islets of Langerhans up to 2.2-fold at 1260 mg/kg body weight. The mixture extracts of P. crocatum and C. burmannii have antihyperglycemic activity, which enhances the number of pancreatic β cells.
Reconstruction of Sea Surface Temperature Data based on the Sr/Ca of Porites Coral in Ambon Bay Corry Corvianawatie; Sri Yudawati Cahyarini; Mutiara Rachmat Putri
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2016.48.2.3

Abstract

Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data can be used to understand oceanography dynamics in Ambon Bay. However, a lack of continual and long time series in-situ SST data limited this study. To overcome this problem, the Sr/Ca composition in Porites coral taken from Outer Ambon Bay was used to reconstruct SST. The coral sample was sub-sampled monthly and analyzed using ICP-OES. Subsequently, the anchor point method was used to develop the chronology of the coral Sr/Ca based on ERSST v3b data. The regression equation results were Sr/Ca = -0.059 x SST + 10.32 (r = -0.699, n = 95, p < 0.05). The reconstructed SST based on these results was verified by in-situ data from May to November 2008. The difference was found to be 1.2-2.5 °C (σ = 0.05%). This results lead us to conclude that coral Sr/Ca reflects SST variation in Ambon Bay well. Based on the reconstructed SST, we found that the SST in Ambon Bay experiences an extreme seasonal variation, which is highly correlated to air temperature, wind speed, and length of sun radiation. Ambon Bay also experiences SST anomalies in some periods, which are dominantly affected by local atmospheric conditions rather than ENSO phenomena.
Production and Characterization of Chitinases from Thermophilic Bacteria Isolated from Prataan Hot Spring, East Java Ruth Chrisnasari; Steven Yasaputera; Pauline Christianto; Veronika Ivone Santoso; Tjandra Pantjajani
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2016.48.2.6

Abstract

Thermophilic bacteria producing chitinase were collected from Prataan hot spring, East Java, Indonesia and screened. The isolated bacterium was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis and identified as Paenibacillus sp. The molecular identification was confirmed through morphological and physiological analyses. The production of chitinase was conducted at various incubation times, temperatures, pH and concentrations of colloidal chitin. The optimum condition of the isolate to produce the highest chitinase was 0.9% (w/v) of colloidal chitin (pH 7.0) at 48 °C for 24 hours. The obtained chitinases were optimally active at 55 °C and pH 6.0-7.0. The chitinases were gradually purified by ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-100 gel filtration, followed by DEAE"“cellulose ion exchange chromatography (IEC). The purification method gave a purification factor of 9.43 and a yield of 2.68%. Two protein fractions were obtained from sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) with molecular weights of 68 and 82 kDa.
Site Response Characteristics of Simeulue Island, Indonesia as Inferred from H/V Spectral Ratio of Ambient Noise Records Titi Anggono; Syuhada Syuhada; Nugroho Dwi Hananto; Lina Handayani
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2016.48.2.4

Abstract

Simeulue Island is an outer island arc off west of the Sumatra Island. The Island is located close to the interface of the subduction zone between Indo-Australian and Eurasian Plates. Seismic activities around the Island included devastating megathrust earthquakes, such as 2004 MW 9.2 Sumatra-Andaman and 2005 MW 8.7 Nias earthquakes. We investigate the site response characteristics using Horizontal-to-Vertical (H/V) Spectral Ratio method to the continuous ambient noise records from eight broadband seismometers. From the calculation, we generally observe strong peak of H/V spectral ratio which is caused by the strong impedance contrast at these area. However, sites BATU, LABU and DEHI show relatively flat H/V spectral ratio curves that caused by lack of sharp impedance contrast beneath the site. We also observe multiple peaks at several sites that may indicate the presence of a more highly weathered soil/clay layer on top of a more compact medium. H/V peak frequencies, which shows fundamental frequencies resonance of soil sites, generally are observed at range about 2.0 - 16.4 Hz. From the observed H/V spectral ratio, we suggest that the strong impedance contrasts may occur on the shallow part of the medium at 2 up to15 m depth.
New Seven-Step Numerical Method for Direct Solution of Fourth Order Ordinary Differential Equations Zurni Omar; John Olusola Kuboye
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5614/j.math.fund.sci.2016.48.2.1

Abstract

A new numerical method for solving fourth order ordinary differential equations directly is proposed in this paper. Interpolation and collocation were employed in developing this method using seven steps. The use of the approximated power series as an interpolation equation was adopted in deriving the method. The basic properties of the new method such as zero-stability, consistency, convergence and order are established. The numerical results indicate that the new method gives better accuracy than the existing methods when it is applied to fourth ordinary differential equations.
Cover Vol. 48 No. 2, 2016 Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences
Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences Vol. 48 No. 2 (2016)
Publisher : Institute for Research and Community Services (LPPM) ITB

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