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INDONESIA
Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi
Published by Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa
ISSN : 1693024X     EISSN : 26544113     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.36055/tjst
Core Subject : Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
Teknika: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi merupakan jurnal peer-reviewed dalam Bahasa Indonesia di bidang keteknikan, diantaranya bidang teknik sipil, bidang teknik mesin, bidang teknik industri, bidang teknik kimia, bidang teknik metalurgi, dan bidang teknik elektro.
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Articles 15 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025" : 15 Documents clear
Effect of current, time, concentration of tin (II) chloride, and temperature on making tin powder using the electrodeposition Oktanova, Riska; Oediyani, Soesaptri; Milandia, Anistasia; Subagja, Rudi
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.32459

Abstract

The process of assembling electronic components into electronic equipment requires tin solder material. Tin solder in the form of paste is used to provide good contact between electronic components and PCB (Printed Circuit Board). To make tin solder paste, tin powder with a size of 15 to 50 microns is required. The development of efficient technology to produce tin powder with controlled characteristics from tin bar raw material is an important challenge to increase the added value of this commodity. This study was conducted to make tin metal powder from tin metal bars by electrodeposition using a chloride electrolyte solution containing tin ions. The experimental variables observed were the current density of the electrodeposition process (0,5-1,1 A/m²), the concentration of tin in the electrolyte solution (5-30g/l), and the temperature of the electrodeposition process (30-60°C). The experimental variables were observed for their effect on the size of the tin powder particles formed and the current efficiency of the tin powder formation process on the cathode surface. The results showed the highest current efficiency (75%) at a current of 0,5 A/m², a time of 15 minutes, and a temperature of 30°C. The tin powder had an irregular morphology, with a more uniform particle size at higher currents. SEM-EDS analysis showed a complex morphology with increasing temperature and deposition time. This process produced tin powder with a purity of up to 99%, the highest (99,4%) at a temperature of 50°C.
Balancing strength and porosity: A critical evaluation of cement substitution with metakaolin in porous concrete Rahmadillah, Auliya; Adhitya, Bimo Brata; Sari, Fitria Putri Lintang
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.32646

Abstract

Rapid urbanization has led to increased impervious surfaces, exacerbating stormwater runoff and urban flooding. As a response, pervious concrete has emerged as an innovative solution in sustainable infrastructure due to its high porosity, enabling water infiltration and flood mitigation. This study evaluates the impact of varying percentages of metakaolin as a partial cement substitute on the mechanical properties, permeability, and porosity of pervious concrete. Metakaolin, as a reactive pozzolanic material, is expected to enhance mechanical strength while maintaining the concrete’s drainage function. Five mix variations with 10%, 12.5%, 15%, 17.5%, and 20% metakaolin as a partial cement substitute were tested at concrete ages of 7 and 28 days. The results show that the optimal composition was achieved with a 15% metakaolin substitution, yielding 13.17 MPa compressive strength, 3.87 MPa splitting tensile strength, 0.469 cm/s permeability, and 24.34% porosity at 28 days. The addition of metakaolin in moderate amounts improves density and structural strength, but higher proportions significantly reduce permeability. These findings highlight the importance of achieving a balance between mechanical performance and hydraulic function in metakaolin-based pervious concrete design.
Study of air pollution from vehicle emissions at R.T.A. Milono – Willem A. S. intersections Palangka Raya City Permana, Ari Widya; Tawaqal, Gusti Iqbal
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.27681

Abstract

The intersection of R.T.A. Milono Road and Willem A. Samad Road is one of the busiest three-arm signalized intersections in Palangka Raya. There is a significant amount of traffic at this intersection, particularly during rush hour when people are commuting to work, school, and college. Exhaust emissions from the high volume of traffic are generated by numerous vehicle movements. These vehicle exhaust emissions negatively impact the environment and human health. To compare the quantity of exhaust emissions at the intersection with national ambient air quality standards based on government regulations, this study first calculates the amount of exhaust emissions from motor vehicles. The study employs an empirical calculation formula and a survey of vehicle speed and traffic volume. Based on the analysis of vehicle emissions compared with national air quality standards, it was found that Willem A. Samad Road meets the permitted quality standards for all types of pollutants. Meanwhile, R.T.A. Milono (A) Road and R.T.A. Milono (B) Road meet the standards for NO2 pollutants (below 200 µg/m³) and PM10 pollutants (below 72 µg/m³) but exceed the permitted standards for CO pollutants (above 4,000 µg/m³) and HC pollutants (above 160 µg/m³).
Exploration of a mixture of HMR (high moisture resistant) and HDPE (high-density polyethylene) as an environmentally friendly furniture board alternative Kusbijanto, Ancilla Domini; Pambudi, Terbit Setya; Azhar, Hanif
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.32668

Abstract

Waste management remains a significant obstacle to sustainable living, particularly due to the accumulation of plastic waste at disposal sites and the furniture industry’s growing reliance on unsustainable plywood materials. Annually, over 300 million tons of plastic waste are generated. High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) plastic waste, often containing formaldehyde resin, and moisture-resistant (HMR) board waste are frequently discarded without proper processing, posing environmental concerns. Despite their valuable properties—HMR offers moisture resistance, while HDPE provides strength and recyclability—limited research exists on their synergistic application in sustainable composite materials. This study explores the integration of HDPE and HMR as an environmentally responsible alternative to conventional furniture boards. Employing a qualitative approach, including observation, expert interviews, and literature analysis, combined with a thermopressing methodology, the study identifies optimal mixing techniques for producing boards resistant to heat, humidity, and substantial loads. Three composition ratios were tested: 200:50, 190:60, and 180:70 (HDPE to HMR). Results demonstrate that the 200:50 composition achieved optimal performance, withstanding 23 kg loads without failure, exhibiting excellent water resistance over 24 hours, and showing superior fire resistance compared to conventional plywood. This research contributes to waste valorization and sustainable material innovation for furniture manufacturing.
Efficiency of Phosphate Concentration Reduction in Laundry Wastewater Using Electrocoagulation Method Yuniar, Dhara; Sugiharto, Agung
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.32615

Abstract

Laundry wastewater contains high levels of phosphates derived from detergent additives, such as sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP), which can trigger eutrophication and degrade water quality if discharged directly into water bodies without treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the electrocoagulation method in reducing phosphate concentrations in laundry wastewater and to assess its potential as a practical and environmentally friendly solution for wastewater management. The electrocoagulation process utilized aluminum electrodes with varying voltages (10, 20, and 30 volts) and contact times (30, 60, and 90 minutes). The results showed that the highest efficiency was achieved at 30 volts and a contact time of 90 minutes, with a phosphate concentration reduction of 96.61%, from 0.277 mg/L to 0.009 mg/L. These findings indicate that increasing voltage and contact time accelerates floc formation and enhances phosphate precipitation efficiency. Thus, electrocoagulation proved to be an efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional coagulation, as it requires no additional chemicals and produces less sludge.
Development of self-polishing antifouling paint with cerium oxide nanoparticle additives Kambuna, Bening; Dwiyanti, Yanyan; Nikitasari, Arini; Prasetyo, Muhammad Imam; Rahman, Aditya
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.29582

Abstract

The research on self-polishing antifouling paint with cerium oxide nanoparticle additives represents a significant advancement in ship protection technology. This study aims to develop a more effective and environmentally friendly solution to prevent the growth of fouling organisms, a persistent issue in the maritime industry. Cerium oxide nanoparticles are employed to reduce the release rate of copper, the active component in many antifouling paints. The study investigates (1) the effect of cerium oxide concentration on the copper (Cu) release rate and hydrophobicity of the antifouling paint, (2) the impact of salinity on these properties, and (3) differences in the coating mechanism between paints with and without cerium oxide additives. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (50 nm) were incorporated into the paint at concentrations of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, and 0.5%. The coated samples were immersed in synthetic seawater and Tanjung Pasir seawater for 45 days. Results show that different CeO₂ concentrations influence the release rates of Cu and zinc (Zn). A 0.2% concentration of CeO₂ yielded the highest Cu release rate at 1.4778 µg/cm², while the highest Zn release rate (0.234 µg/cm²) was observed at 0.5% CeO₂. Additionally, CeO₂ additives altered the surface characteristics of the antifouling paint, increasing its hydrophilicity as indicated by contact angle values dropping below 90°.
Epoxy/unsaturated polyester blends via post-curing process for marine applications Pakaya, Fahriadi; Nantan, Yurika; Tappy, Marinus S.; Simanjuntak, Raman GTH; Huwae, Jozua Ch.; Syam, M. Yusuf; Siregar, Izhary; Subawa, I Nyoman; Urun, Wilfred Yan Krol
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.29745

Abstract

Epoxy resins and unsaturated polyester resins are widely used thermosetting polymers with applications in construction, electronics, and maritime industries. However, their respective limitations, such as brittleness in epoxy and reduced mechanical strength in unsaturated polyester, hinder their broader utilization. To address these challenges, blending the two polymers offers a promising approach to enhance their performance. This study investigates the mechanical and thermal properties of epoxy/unsaturated polyester blends enhanced through a post-curing process with stepwise temperature increases. The blends were characterized using FTIR, tensile, impact, and hardness tests in accordance with ASTM standards. Results demonstrate a synergy between the two polymers, with certain compositions (e.g., 90% epoxy/10% unsaturated polyester) achieving improved tensile strength, flexibility, and impact resistance. The highest tensile strength (54.45 N/mm²) was recorded in blends with > 50% unsaturated polyester, while optimal impact toughness (0.1438 J/mm²) was achieved with 90% epoxy and 10% unsaturated polyester. FTIR analysis revealed specific interactions between functional groups that contribute to the improved properties. These findings highlight the potential of epoxy/unsaturated polyester blends for demanding industrial applications, particularly in marine environments requiring high thermal stability and mechanical performance.
Redesign the user interface (UI) and user experience (UX) for websites using the design thinking method Muttaqin, Khairul; Fadillah, Nurul; Khairani, Rani
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.30087

Abstract

The Samudra University Informatics Study Program website serves as a vital information hub for students and other users. The comfort and experience users gain when accessing a website are critical factors to consider when designing a user interface. Currently, the Informatics Study Program website is underutilized. Redesign efforts are necessary to optimize its functionality by developing an improved user interface. Data collection was conducted using evaluations and questionnaires to enhance the user-centered approach. The redesign was carried out using the design thinking method, with the interface designed using Figma tools. Design thinking is a solution-oriented design approach that aids in problem-solving and understanding user needs. Initial evaluations indicate that the average user satisfaction score was at a "Bad" level. After implementing the design thinking process, the new design achieved "Above Average" ratings in attractiveness, perspicuity, efficiency, and dependability, a "Good" rating in stimulation, and an "Excellent" rating in novelty. A comparison of average values reveals significant improvements between the old and new designs: attractiveness improved by 1.14, perspicuity by 1.34, efficiency by 1.52, dependability by 1.57, stimulation by 1.69, and novelty by 1.67. These results demonstrate that the website redesign is effective and enhances the user experience.
Designing IT Governance for SME digital transformation based on COBIT 2019 SME focus area Natalia, Mega Ayu; Mulyana, Rahmat; Hanafi, Ridha
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.28291

Abstract

As Industry 4.0 advances, organizations must embrace digital transformation (DT) to remain competitive. However, inadequate IT Governance (ITG) often leads to DT failures. While ambidextrous ITG models, combining traditional and agile approaches, have proven effective for large banks, their applicability to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) remains unexplored. This study aims to recommend prioritized ITG solutions for SMEs and estimate improvements in capability maturity levels to ensure successful DT. Employing Design Science Research (DSR) across five stages—problem identification, requirement specification, design, demonstration, and evaluation—data were collected through semi-structured interviews and document analysis. Using COBIT 2019’s SME focus area, the analysis identified three key Information Technology Governance and Management (ITGM) objectives: EDM03 (Ensured Risk Optimization), APO12 (Managed Risk), and MEA03 (Compliance with External Requirements), with an average capability maturity level of 3.38. Sixteen solutions, based on seven ITGM components, were developed and compiled into a roadmap to elevate the maturity level to 3.84. This research enriches COBIT 2019 literature, proposes a hybrid ITG framework for SMEs, and enhances web-based information systems, fostering operational efficiency, risk mitigation, regulatory compliance, and sustainable competitiveness for SMEs undergoing DT.
Characteristics of biodegradable plastic from cellulose fiber of rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) with glycerol as a plasticizer Putra, Sahasika Sean; Zainulmuttaqin, Ariki; Viryateja, Gavin; Rahayu, Triastuti
Jurnal Teknika Vol 21, No 1 (2025): June 2025
Publisher : Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62870/tjst.v21i1.29042

Abstract

Indonesia faces dual environmental challenges from plastic pollution and agricultural waste accumulation. To address these issues, innovative solutions are needed to transform waste into sustainable materials. This study valorizes rice straw (Oryza sativa L.) cellulose and used cooking oil (UCO) glycerol to develop biodegradable plastics through an accessible method. Cellulose was extracted from rice straw via alkaline (10% NaOH) and bleaching (20% H₂O₂) treatments, while glycerol was recovered from UCO through saponification. Bioplastic films were synthesized by solution casting with varying glycerol volumes (6, 9, 12 mL) and cellulose particle sizes (fine, semi-fine, coarse). Results demonstrated exceptional biodegradability, with ≥ 80% weight loss within 14 days in EM4-supplemented soil burial tests outperforming commercial cassava-based bioplastics (25% degradation). Higher glycerol volumes (12 mL) combined with coarse cellulose maximized water solubility (69.39%) and absorption (14.29%), while lower glycerol (6 mL) with fine cellulose minimized water uptake (5.88%). All formulations exceeded thickness standards (0.438–0.554 mm vs. JIS ≤ 0.25 mm), enhancing rigidity but reducing flexibility. Organoleptic analysis confirmed glycerol content inversely affected transparency and texture smoothness.

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