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Semesta Teknika
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 1411061X     EISSN : 25025481     DOI : https://doi.org/10.18196/st
Core Subject : Engineering,
Engineering
SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a reputable refereed journal devoted to the publication and dissemination of basic and applied research in engineering. SEMESTA TEKNIKA is a forum for publishing high quality papers and references in engineering science and technology. The Journal is published by the Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta, INDONESIA. Copyright is by the publisher and the authors. The Journal is issued in electronic form and also issued in printed form as annual volume for the contributors only. The journal contains original research papers, review articles, short notes and letters to the editors. The topics of interest include modeling, experimental, analytical and numerical investigations on the mechanical, physical, chemical and mineralogical properties of material, developing the prototype/instrument, technology and construction process. Topic of management in industry and civil construction is also considered. SEMESTA TEKNIKA receives manuscripts from the contributor written in the Indonesian and English. Manuscripts submitted to the journal for publication must not have been previously published or is under consideration simultaneously by any other publication. Manuscripts submitted to SEMESTA TEKNIKA will be reviewed Peer Reviewers local and foreign.
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Search results for , issue "Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020" : 20 Documents clear
Optimasi Perancangan Timbunan Sampah Perkotaan Studi Kasus TPA Kabinuang Tolitoli Moh Nasril; Ahmad Rifai; Fikri Faris
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.6677

Abstract

Pertambahan populasi penduduk khususnya daerah pemukiman kota meningkatkan jumlah sampah padat perkotaan. Sistem pengolahan timbunan sampah pada tempat pembuangan akhir (TPA) kurang efisien sehingga melebihi kapasitas. Berbagai cara diperlukan untuk memaksimalkan kapasitas tempat pembuangan. Lokasi penelitian ini terletak di TPA Kabinuang, Kabupaten Tolitoli. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan pengambilan sampel di lapangan secara Test Pit di kedalaman 1-2 m pada 3 titik pengamatan mewakili sampel sampah lama (SL), sampah berumur sedang (SS) dan sampah baru (SB) juga sampel tanah dasar (TD) dan tanah penutup (TP). Sampel kemudian diuji kadar organik, kadar air, spesific gravity dan uji triaxial. Data laboratorium kemudian dianalisis dan dilakukan pemodelan dengan variasi lapisan timbunan sampah khususnya pada sampah baru dengan penambahan lapisan tanah penutup. Digunakan program Rocscience (finite element) dan Slide (limit equilibrium) 2 dimensi untuk mendapatkan nilai angka aman dan displacement lereng timbunan sampah pada TPA Kabinuang. Hasil analisis 2D stabilitas lereng timbunan sampah memiliki optimasi desain dengan peningkatan kapasitas timbunan setinggi maksimal 10 m dari kondisi awal dan kemiringan lereng 450 tanpa menggunakan lapisan tanah penutup menghasilkan displacement 0,31 m dan angka aman kondisi statis 3,03 dan 1,16 kondisi dinamis. Apabila digunakan lapisan tanah penutup, kestabilan lereng timbunan sampah meningkat, ditunjukkan displacement yang terjadi lebih kecil yaitu 0,18 m dan angka aman 2,61 kondisi statis dan 1,11 kondisi dinamis.  The increase in the population, especially urban settlements increases the amount of municipal solid waste. The processing system of waste embankment at the landfill (TPA) is less efficient so that it exceeds capacity. Various ways are needed to maximize landfill capacity. The location of this study is located in the TPA Kabinuang, Tolitoli Regency. In this research, the Test Pit was taken in the field at a depth of 0,5-1 m at 3 observation points representing samples of old waste (SL), medium aged waste (SS) and new waste (SB) as well as subgrade samples (TD) and soil cover (TP). The samples were then tested for organic content, water content, Specific Gravity and Triaxial test. Laboratory data are then analyzed and modeling with variations in layers of landfill, especially in new waste with the addition of overburden. 2-dimensional Rocscience (limit equilibrium) and Slides (equilibrium) programs were used to obtain the safe and displacement value of the landfill slope at the Kabinuang landfill. 2D analysis of slope landfill stability has optimized the design with an increase in embankment capacity as high as a maximum of 10 m from the initial condition and slope of 450 without using soil cover resulting in a displacement of 0,31 m and a safety factor of static conditions 3,03 and 1,16 dynamic conditions. If the soil cover  is used, the slofe stability of the landfill increases, indicating that the displacement is smaller, which is 0,18 m and the safety factor is 2,61 static conditions and 1,11 dynamic conditions.
Prediction of Employee Attendance Factors Using C4.5 Algorithm, Random Tree, Random Forest Riza Fahlapi; Hermanto Hermanto; Antonius Yadi Kuntoro; Lasman Effendi; Ridatu Oca Nitra; Siti Nurlela
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.7984

Abstract

Research on the performance of workers based on the determination of standard working hours for absences conducted by workers in a certain period. In disciplinary supervision, workers are expected to be able to provide the best performance in the implementation of work in accordance with predetermined working hours. The measurement of the level of discipline of admission hours for placement workers is carried out every working day, continuously and continuously. Attendance monitoring already uses online attendance by using data downloaded from the online attendance provider as the main data. In addition, data collection is done by filtering employee absentee data and supporting information on the categories that cause mismatches in meeting work schedules. Mobilization of workers according to location and working hours has been regulated in company regulations allowing the placement of workers in accordance with the residence so as not to affect the desired work results the company is still within reasonable limits and can be increased. The assessment of this study as a progression factor inhibiting the company in achieving company targets. From the results of the author's analysis of the prediction of employee delay factors using three algorithms, namely the C.45 algorithm accuracy = 79.37% and AUC value = 0.646, Random Forest Algorithm accuracy = 78.58% and AUC value = 0.807 while for the Random Tree algorithm accuracy = 76.26% and the AUC value = 0.610.
Pemanenan Air Hujan Menggunakan Ground Water Tank untuk Pemenuhan Air Baku Di Lokasi Bangunan Perkuliahan (Lokasi Penelitian : Kampus 3, UM Purworejo) Riyanto, Eko; Setiawan, Agung
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.8535

Abstract

Kampus 3 (tiga) Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo yang beralamat di Jalan Lingkar Barat Purworejo tepatnya di Desa Sucen, Kecamatan Bayan, Kabupaten Puworejo merupakan gedung perkuliahan untuk Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Purworejo, dengan demikian kebutuhan air bersih untuk mahasiswa dan dosen di kampus tersebut relatif cukup banyak. Waktu musim hujan volume air berlebih menyebabkan limpasan air permukaan menjadi meningkat  terutama di sekitar kampus sedangkan pada musim kemarau terjadi kekurangan air. Sehingga merancang  tampungan air hujan sangat diperlukan untuk tampungan air sehingga air hujan tidak terbuang sia-sia dan dapat digunakan pada musim kemarau. Penelitian ini menggunakan data perhitungan hujan kawasan  merujuk pada teori Polygon Thiessen  serta menggunakan data curah hujan andalan 80%, kemudian mengenai intensitas hujan digunakan teori tentang mononobe, sedangkan perancangan desain dan elemen pendukung tangki penampung air hujan digunakan standar ketentuan dari Kementerian Pekerjaan Umum dan Perumahan Rakyat tahun 2014, tentang Diseminasi Standar dan Manual Penampung Air Hujan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan potensi volume suplai air hujan didapatkan sebesar  976,99 m³/ tahun, dan penghematan air sebesar 0,76 % dari total kebutuhan air gedung perkuliahan sebesar 86.400 m³/ tahun. Perhitungan RAB tangki didapatkan sebesar Rp. 93.998.000,00 untuk dimensi tangki tampungan air hujan sebesar 8 x 5 x 3 m.                    Campus 3 (three) Muhammadiyah University Purworejo which is located at Jalan Lingkar Barat Purworejo, precisely in Sucen Village, Bayan District, Puworejo Regency is a lecture building for the Faculty of Economics, Muhammadiyah University of Purworejo, thus the need for clean water for students and lecturers on the campus is relatively sufficient. Lots. During the rainy season the excess water volume causes surface water runoff to increase, especially around the campus, while in the dry season there is a lack of water. So that designing rainwater storage is very necessary for water storage so that rainwater is not wasted and can be used in the dry season. This study uses regional rainfall calculation data referring to the Polygon Thiessen theory and using 80% reliable rainfall data, then regarding the rain intensity the mononobe theory is used, while the design design and supporting elements of rainwater storage tanks are used as standard provisions from the Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing. 2014, concerning Dissemination of Standard and Manual of Rainwater Storage. The results showed that the potential volume of rainwater supply was 976.99 m³ / year, and water savings of 0.76% of the total water demand for the lecture building was 86,400 m³ / year. The calculation of the RAB for the tank is Rp. 93,998,000.00 for the dimensions of the rainwater storage tank of 8 x 5 x 3 m. 
Deteksi Cacat Lintasan Luar Bantalan Bola pada Fan Industri Menggunakan Metode Cepstrum Berli Paripurna Kamiel
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.9980

Abstract

Bantalan bola pada sebuah fan (kipas) menerima beban dinamis yang sangat besar ketika beroperasi. Hal ini menyebabkan bantalan mengalami keausan yang harus dapat segera dideteksi untuk mencegah kerusakan/cacat lebih lanjut. Salah satu metode deteksi yang sering digunakan adalah metode analisis spektrum. Namun metode ini menghasilkan harmonik dan sidebands yang rumit jika diaplikasikan pada fan dengan transmisi roda gigi sehingga observasi amplitudo pada spektrum sulit dilakukan. Penelitian ini mengusulkan metode cepstrum ketimbang spektrum karena cepstrum dapat mengelompokkan berbagai harmonik yang berasal dari getaran komponen-komponen fan sehingga amplitudo cacat bantalan dapat diidentifikasi dengan mudah dan jelas. Bantalan yang digunakan dalam penelitian adalah tipe ASB 6209 2RS dengan kondisi normal (tanpa cacat) dan cacat lintasan luar. Cacat pada bantalan sengaja dibuat menggunakan Electrical Discharge Machine (EDM)  dengan kawat kuningan berdiameter 0,25 mm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa spektrum dapat mendeteksi frekuensi poros fan  9,11 Hz, frekuensi ball pass frequency outer (BPFO) 36,52 Hz, dan frekuensi poros roda gigi 22,59 Hz.  Namun demikian amplitudo BPFO sulit diidentifikasi pada spektrum karena secara visual bercampur dengan amplitudo harmonik dari komponen-komponen lain yang turut bergetar pada fan. Hasil lebih baik diberikan oleh metode cepstrum dimana amplitudo quefrency BPFO sebesar 0,027 detik, yang bersesuaian dengan BPFO, sangat jelas terlihat karena tidak terganggu oleh amplitudo lain di sekitarnya. A Ball bearing in a fan  experience a very large dynamic load during its operation. This causes wear which must be detected immediately to prevent severe damage. One detection method that is often used is the spectrum analysis. However, this method produces complex harmonics and sidebands when applied to a fan with a gear transmission which makes it difficult to observe amplitude on the spectrum. This research proposes the cepstrum method rather than the spectrum because the cepstrum can classify the various harmonics that come from the vibrations of the fan components so that the amplitude of the bearing defects can be identified easily and clearly. The bearings used in the study are ASB 6209 2RS with normal condition (no fault) and with outer race fault. Defect in the bearings is intentionally made using an Electrical Discharge Machine (EDM) with 0,25 mm brass wire. The results show that the spectrum can detect the fan shaft frequency of 9,11 Hz, the ball pass frequency outer race (BPFO) 36,52 Hz, and the gear shaft frequency of 22,59 Hz. However, the BPFO amplitude is difficult to identify on the spectrum because it is visually mixed with the harmonic amplitude of the other vibrating components. A prominent results are given by the cepstrum method where the quefrency of 0,027 s, which corresponds to the BPFO, is clearly visible because it is not disturbed by other amplitudes. 
Analisis Indeks Keandalan Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Hibrid Angin-Surya Menggunakan Metode EENS Ramadoni Syahputra; Fahrian Noor; Faaris Mujaahid
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.9602

Abstract

Pengembangan sumber energi terbarukan, terutama pembangkit listrik tenaga angin dan surya sangat penting di Indonesia. Hal ini disebabkan kedua jenis pembangkit tersebut dinilai paling potensial dan realistis untuk mendukung program pengembangan energi terbarukan di Indonesia. Dalam penelitian ini disajikan studi tentang indeks keandalan pembangkit listrik hibrid tenaga angin dan surya. Metode untuk menganalisis indeks keandalan adalah metode EENS (expected energy not supplied). Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan analisis lapangan pada pembangkit listrik yang telah beroperasi di Kabupaten Bantul Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai EENS masih belum memenuhi standar yaitu 0,002% per tahun. Studi yang dilakukan pada tahun 2019 ini menyimpulkan bahwa pembangkit listrik hibrid berbasis tenaga angin dan surya ini belum dapat diandalkan untuk mendukung ketersediaan energi listrik di wilayah Bantul.    The development of renewable energy sources, especially wind and solar power plants, is very important in Indonesia. This fact is because these two types of power plants are considered the most potential and realistic to support renewable energy development programs in Indonesia. In this research, a study on the reliability index of wind and solar-based power plants is presented. The method for analyzing the reliability index is the EENS (expected energy not supplied) method. This study conducted a field analysis on a power plant that has been operated in Bantul district, Yogyakarta Special Region province. The results of the study show that the EENS value still does not meet the standard, namely 0.002% per year. The study conducted in 2019 concluded that wind and solar-based hybrid power plants could not be relied on to support the availability of electrical energy in the Bantul area.     
Penerapan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) dalam Pengujian Model Penerimaan Aplikasi MasjidLink Agus Mulyanto; Sumarsono Sumarsono; Thaqibul Fikri Niyartama; Annisa Khodista Syaka
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.7802

Abstract

MasjidLink is an Android-based application to provide news and information relating to mosques in the Yogyakarta Special Region. Behavioral aspects that influence tamir when using MasjidLink are need to measure, so that can define the level of acceptance. The TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) approach was used in this research to analyze factors of takmir acceptance towards MasjidLink. The measurement of acceptance  towards MasjidLink with TAM is expected to showing the actual perspective of tamir so can  helps the further developing of this applications. Testing research instruments through validity and reliability. All research instruments have a value of more than 0.5 so that it can be declared as valid instruments. TAM variable in this study has an alpha cronbatch value of more than 0.7, so that all of these research variables are said to be reliable. Perceived ease of use has a percentage value 72.68% which states that mosque takmir agrees with the ease of use of the MasjidLink application. Perception of usefulness has a percentage 72.11% which states that the mosque takmir agrees with the usefulness of the MasjidLink application. Acceptance of the application has a percentage value 71.31% which states that the mosque takmir agrees with the acceptance of the MasjidLink application. The results of descriptive statistical analysis on TAM have the smallest percentage of variables, there is the percentage of MosqueLink acceptance with the value is 71.31%. This can be used to enhance the development of MasjidLink by focusing on the acceptance of the MasjidLink application. MasjidLink is an Android-based application to provide news and information relating to mosques in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Currently, MasjidLink is a new mosque information management application that was launched and started to implemented by several takmir mosques in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. Takmir's acceptance of the MasjidLink application is one of the factors that support the continued use of the application. The measurement of the mosque takmir acceptance on the MasjidLink application is done by the TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) method. This study aims to evaluate the application of MasjidLink application with the TAM method so that the perception of takmir and the factors that influence takmir in using the application can be known. The research method used is a quantitative method, which uses a questionnaire as a tool to collect data on 125 users of the MasjidLink application. The results showed acceptance of mosque takmir on MasjidLink application had a positive influence on 3 TAM variables, namely the perception of user convenience 72.68%, perceived usefulness of 72.11%, and technology acceptance 71.31%. This shows that the application developer can focus on improving the acceptance of the MasjidLink application variable because the variable percentage is smaller than other variables.
Desain dan Simulasi UPS Multilevel Inverter Dengan Metode Modulasi Phase Disposition PWM Gede Patrianaya Margayasa Wirsuyana; Muhammad Nizar Habibi; Novie Ayub Windarko; Suryono Suryono
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.8782

Abstract

Penelitian ini memaparkan hasil perancangan dan simulasi Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) yang berfungsi sebagai sumber energi cadangan ketika sumber energi utama beban padam. Rangkaian UPS ini terdiri dari baterai sebagai sumber energi, konverter DC-DC boost sebagai penaik tegangan dari baterai yang disertai dengan kontrol PI untuk menstabilkan tegangan keluaran konverter, dan multilevel inverter tipe dioda clamped dengan metode modulasi Phase Disposition PWM (PD-PWM) untuk mengubah tegangan DC menjadi tegangan AC yang dapat disuplai ke beban. Pada penelitian ini akan dibahas performa dari konverter DC-DC boost yang dilengkapi dengan kontrol PI dan diode clamped multilevel inverter dalam aplikasinya sebagai UPS yang digunakan untuk menyuplai beban. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konverter boost DC-DC mampu menaikkan dan menstabilkan tegangan DC sebesar 339,71 volt dan multilevel inverter mampu mengubah tegangan DC menjadi tegangan AC sebesar 220,41 volt dan tegangan Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) 0,39222% yang dapat disuplai. ke beban sebagai pengganti sumber energi utama. Sistem UPS ini memiliki waktu peralihan 23 milidetik.This paper presents the results of the design and simulation of an Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) that functions as a backup energy source when the main energy source of the load goes out. This UPS circuit consists of a battery as an energy source, a DC-DC boost converter as a voltage booster from a battery that is accompanied by a Proportional-Integral (PI) control to stabilize the output voltage of the converter, and a diode clamped multilevel inverter with the Phase Disposition PWM (PD-PWM) modulation method to change the DC voltage into an AC voltage that can be supplied to the load. This research will discuss the performance of the DC-DC boost converter which is accompanied by PI control and diode clamped multilevel inverter in its application as a UPS that is used to supply loads. The results show that DC-DC boost converter is able to increase and stabilize DC voltages by 339.71 volts and multilevel inverters are able to convert DC voltages to AC voltages by 220.41 volts and Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) voltage of 0.39222% which can be supplied to the load as a substitute for the main energy source. This UPS system has a switching time of 23 milliseconds.
Classification of Student Majors with C4.5 and Naive Bayes Algorithms (Case Study: SMAN 2 Bekasi City) Antonius Yadi Kuntoro; Hermanto Hermanto; Taufik Asra; Ferry Syukmana; Hermanto Wahono
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.7381

Abstract

School majors conducted in high school are based on interests and these have a goal to provide opportunities for learners to develop the competence of attitudes, skills competence of learners in accordance with interests, talents, and academic ability in a group of scientific subjects.In this research, the researcher uses two algorithm models that is a comparison between the C4.5 algorithm and also the Naive Bayes algorithm. In this study, the data used is the results of school entrance test data and also the data from psychological results for students who have been declared passed the entrance test school SMAN 2 Bekasi City academic year 2018/2019. By comparison of two data mining classification algorithm, can be proved with accuracy result and AUC value from each algorithm that is for Naive Bayes accuracy = 76,43% and AUC value = 0,846, while for algorithm C4.5 accuracy = 70,29% and AUC value = 0.738.
Pengaruh Perlakuan Sebelum Alkalisasi dan Waktu Alkalisasi terhadap Sifat Bending Komposit Serat Sisal/PMMA Rahman, Muhammad Budi Nur; Sosiati, Harini
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.9349

Abstract

Penelitian komposit serat alam untuk meningkatkan kekuatan mekanis telah dilakukan, salah satunya memodifikasi permukaan serat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pencucian serat sebelum proses alkalisasi dan waktu alkalisasi terhadap sifat bending komposit serat sisal/PMMA. Serat sisal diberi perlakuan sebelum dicetak menjadi komposit dengan dicuci aquades, deterjen, dan direbus sampai mendidih dilanjutkan perlakuan alkali (6% NaOH) selama 12 jam. Variasi waktu alkalisasi adalah 4, 12, 24, dan 40 jam dengan pencucian aquades. Komposit dicetak menggunakan metode cold press dengan fraksi volume serat 20% dan tekanan 125 kg/cm2 ditahan selama 1 jam. Pengujian tarik dengan ASTM D3379-75, uji bending dengan ASTM D790-03 dan analisa morfologi serat menggunakan mikroskop optik dilakukan dalam penelitian ini. Pencucian serat sisal dengan aquades menghasilkan kekuatan tarik serat tunggal sebesar 4,87 MPa sedangkan pencucian serat menggunakan detergen sebesar 4,38 MPa dan serat yang direbus sebesar 4,00 MPa. Komposit dengan serat dicuci aquades memiliki kekuatan dan modulus bending tertinggi sebesar 136,602 MPa, dan 341,810 MPa sedangkan nilai regangannya terendah sebesar 0,117. Semakin lama perlakuan alkali akan menurunkan nilai kekuatan dan modulus elastisitas sedangkan reganganmya naik. Perlakuan 4 jam alkali, memiliki kekuatan sebesar 132,534 MPa, modulus bending 356,941 MPa, dan regangan 0,117. Struktur serat yang dicuci aquades tetap utuh sedangkan yang dicuci detergen dan direbus terjadi kerusakan. Semakin lama perlakuan alkali menyebabkan lignin terkikis sehingga ikatan serat menjadi lemah.Research on natural fiber composites to increase mechanical strength has been carried out, one of which is modifying the fiber surface. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of washing the fibers before the alkalization process and the alkalization time on the bending properties of sisal fiber / PMMA composites. Sisal fibers were treated before being molded into a composite by washing with distilled water, detergent, and boiling until boiling followed by alkaline treatment (6% NaOH) for 12 hours. The variations in alkalization time were 4, 12, 24, and 40 hours with distilled water washing. The composites were molded using a cold press method with a fiber volume fraction of 20% and a pressure of 125 kg / cm2 held for 1 hour. Tensile testing with ASTM D3379-75, bending test with ASTM D790-03 and fiber morphological analysis using an optical microscope were carried out in this study. Washing sisal fibers with distilled water produces a single fiber tensile strength of 4.87 MPa, while washing the fibers using detergent is 4.38 MPa and boiled fiber is 4.00 MPa. Composites with distilled water washed fibers had the highest strength and bending modulus of 136.602 MPa and 341.810 MPa, while the lowest strain value was 0.117. The longer the alkaline treatment will decrease the strength and elastic modulus values while the strain increases. The 4 hours treatment is alkaline, has a strength of 132.534 MPa, bending modulus of 356.941 MPa, and strain of 0.117. The structure of the fibers washed with distilled water remains intact, while those washed with detergent and boiled are damaged. The longer the alkaline treatment causes the lignin to be eroded so that the fiber bonds become weak.
Analisa Perbandingan Efisiensi Sistem Struktur Pelat-Balok dengan Sistem Struktur Flat Slab-Drop Panel pada Proyek Jogja Apartment Yoga Aprianto Harsoyo; Ervan Nurfiansyah
Semesta Teknika Vol 23, No 1 (2020): MEI 2020
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/st.v23i1.7612

Abstract

Sistem struktur dalam dunia konstruksi bangunan gedung bertingkat memiliki banyak metode dan system struktur oleh karena itu perencana harus memilih sistem struktur yang sesuai dengan kebutuhannya. Pada proyek Jogja Apartment digunakan sistem flat slab-drop panel, sistem pelat tersebut masih jarang digunakan dalam perancanaan gedung. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk membandingkan antara sistem flat slab-drop panel dan sistem pelat-balok yang ditinjau dari segi biaya pelaksanaan, waktu pelaksanaan, dan desain strukturnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan cara mendesain ulang satu denah pelat gedung Jogja Apartment dengan menggunakan sistem flat slab-drop panel dan sistem pelat-balok dengan metode dan pembebanan yang sama. Metode yang digunakan dalam mendesain kedua sistem pelat tersebut adalah metode desain langsung dengan peraturan SNI 03-2847-2013 sebagai dasar perhitungannya. Dari hasil penelitian didapat bahwa sistem flat slab-drop panel memiliki biaya sebesar Rp3.552.429.292 lebih murah 24,52% dibandingkan menggunakan sistem pelat-balok sebesar Rp4.706.334.233. Untuk waktu pelaksanaan sistem flat slab-drop panel memiliki waktu lebih cepat 2 hari dibandingkan dengan sistem pelat-balok. Sistem flat slab-drop panel memiliki tinggi ruang bebas yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan sistem pelat-balokMany types of structural systems in the construction world of a multi-storey building make planners choose a structural system that suits their needs. Jogja Apartment project used a flat slab-drop panel system. It is rarely used in building planning so this study conducted to compare the flat slab-drop panel system and the plate-beam system in terms of implementation costs, implementation time, and structural design. The study was conducted by redesigning one plate layout of the Jogja Apartment building by using the flat slab-drop panel system and the plate-beam system using the same method and loading. The method used in designing the two plate systems is a direct design method based on SNI 03-2847-2013. This study found that the flat slab-drop panel system has a cost of Rp 3.552.429.292, it is 24,52% cheaper than using a plate-beam system (Rp 4.706.334.233). The flat slab-drop panel has a faster time of 2 days to build compared to the plate-beam system in the implementation time. The flat slab-drop panel system has a higher free space compared to the plate-beam system in structural design.

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