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Y. Andi Trisyono
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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 21 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 23, No 1 (2019)" : 21 Documents clear
Insect Quarantine Status in Association with Imported Commodities from Timor Leste Passed through Agricultural Quarantine Ware of Mota'ain-District of Belu Astuti Handayani; Fransiscus Xaverius Wagiman; Siwi Indarti; Suputa Suputa
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.25885

Abstract

Timor Leste is one of the exporting countries of agricultural products to Indonesia via the Mota'ain-Belu Regency cross-border. Imported commodities from the country may constitute those which are possible as Pest Quarantine (PQ) carrier media into Indonesia. The status of insect quarantine associated with imported commodities has been studied. Sampling of imported commodities both as open trucks shipments and toted passenger bags are done based on the Agricultural Quarantine Product Sampling Guidelines using the Non-Statistic method (convenience). Samples of commodities in the form seeds or grains were taken as much as 250 grams, while other forms were taken as much as 500 grams. For this study, 40 sample units were taken from seven commodities. The commodity samples were stored for 30 days at the laboratory of Agricultural Quarantine office in Kupang, as most life cycle of postharvest insects ranges from 3 to 5 weeks. Specimens of the infecting insects were identified and their quarantine status were determined. The results showed that there were eight different insects species found in association with six kinds of commodities, while in one sample of rice no insect was found. In robusta coffee the insects found were Necrobia rufipes, Hypothenemus hampei, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, and Pyralis manihotalis. In arabica coffee we found H. hampei, and C. ferrugineus. In copra, there were N. rufipes, and Carpophilus dimidiatus. In red beans, there were Callosobruchus chinensis. In mixed red beans, peanuts, and soybeans C. chinensis, C. dimidiatus, and Sitophilus oryzae were found, and in the candlenut there were Oryzaephylus surrinamensis, and C. dimidiatus. All of the insects found in the examined commodities had plant pests status. The highest number of insects associated with the examined commodities from 40 sample units were H. hampei insects found in arabica coffee, which were 62.3 individuals. N. rufipes insects in copra commodity samples appeared on the 25th day after sampling, which meant they were the fastest among other insects.
Biology and Reproductive Behaviour of Apanteles taragamae Viereck (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), a Larval Parasitoid of Diaphania indica Saunders (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) Nurul Novianti Puspitaningtyas; Damayanti Buchori; Ihsan Nurkomar
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.27012

Abstract

Apanteles taragamae (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is a larval parasitoid of Diaphania indica (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), a minor pest of Cucurbitaceae crop. The aim of this study was to determine the behavior and biology of A. taragamae. The study was conducted under laboratory conditions by exposing 930 larvae of D. indica to be parasitized by 11 adult female parasitoid of A. taragamae (1 day old), which have been mated 24 hours prior to expose. Each female was exposed to 15 larvae/day until they died. The parameters used to measure the biology of A. taragamae were fecundity, longevity, and parasitism. Results showed that the longevity of adult females was 5.64 days, the parasitism was 96%, the number of egg laid was 76.40/day, the total number of eggs laid was 611.18, and potential fecundity was 752.73 egg.
Benefits of Flowering Plant as Refuge to Improve the Ecosystems Services by Egg Parasitoids of the Rice Brown Planthopper Nike Grace Hanjelina Sinulingga; Y. Andi Trisyono; Edhi Martono; Buyung Hadi
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.28536

Abstract

Outbreaks of the rice brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal., tend to increase in 2017. There has been significant interest to reduce reliance on pesticides by manipulating habitat plant species and communities to benefit natural enemies of insect. Flowering plants as refuge can contribute in enhancing the ecosystem services. This study aimed to assess the benefit of flowering plants as refuge to improve the role of egg parasitoids of brown planthopper. We sampled three rice fields: rice field adjacent to refuge, far from refuge, and rice field with no refuge using trapping procedure. We found two genera of parasitoid in Banyumas: Oligosita and Anagrus. The parasitism in the three rice fields was 46.14, 43.05 and 42.32%, respectively, showing no differences. However, the number of parasitoids emerged from the traps placed in the rice field with refuge was higher (31.08 adults/trap) than the other two rice fields (25.67 and 20.71 adults/trap). In addition, the number of unhatched parasitoids was lower in the rice with refuge (5.9%) compared to no refuge (14.54%). These findings show that the refuge provides better environments for the parasitoid by improving the number of progeny produced which eventually could increase their role in managing N. lugens population.
Potency of Salicylic Acid to Disrupt the Growth and Development of Papaya Mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Liza Octriana; Nugroho Susetya Putra; Suputa Suputa
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.29656

Abstract

Mealybug is an important pest of papaya plants. Induction of plant resistance using elicitors, such as salicylic acid, might have the potency to reduce the extent of crop damage by mealybug. Therefore, a laboratory experiment was performed to determine the effect of salicylic acid on feeding preference, fecundity, oviposition period, and longevity of papaya mealybug adult, Paracoccus marginatus. The results showed that the application of salicylic acid increased total phenol content on papaya leaf (r = 0.57) hence decreased in feeding preferences and fecundity, slowed down the growth period of the nymph and pre-oviposition period, and prolonged the longevity of mealybug. The potency of using salicylic acid to control of mealybug on papaya in integrated pest management was discussed in this paper.
Parasitoid Diversity and Host-Parasitoid Interaction in Oil Palm Plantations with Different Management System Muhammad Iqbal Tawakkal; Damayanti Buchori; Akhmad Rizali; Adha Sari; Pudjianto Pudjianto
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.31232

Abstract

Parasitoids play an important role in controlling pests, including pests of oil palm. To maximize biological control technique using parasitoids, interactions between pests and parasitoids need to be studied. This research aimed to study parasitoid diversity and host-parasitoid interaction in oil palm plantation with the different management system. The field research was conducted in oil palm plantation own by smallholder and company (PT Humusindo) in Jambi. Sampling insects was conducted by collecting pests (parasitoid host) on oil palm trees with age of four years old. Eggs, larvae, and pupae of the pests were taken directly by hand then reared in the laboratory to know their parasitoids. Pests and parasitoids emerged were identified up to morphospecies or species level. A total of 176 lepidopteran pests consisting of 15 morphospecies and 6 families, and 650 parasitoids consisting of 21 morphospecies and 12 families have been collected. Nine morphospecies of pests from 25 individuals were found in smallholder plantation and 14 morphospecies of pests from 151 individuals in company plantation. Eight morphospecies of 26 parasitoids were found in smallholder plantations and 8 morphospecies of 624 parasitoids in the company plantation. The interaction structure between pests and parasitoids is more complex in the company plantation than in smallholder plantations. Family Braconidae and Ichneumonidae are the most parasitoids found and associated with nettle caterpillars. The different of the management system of oil palm plantation did not affect the diversity and abundance of pests as well as their parasitoids in oil palm plantations.
Isolation, Identification and the Abilities of Fungi Associated with Agarwood from Bangka Belitung Island to Induce Agarwood Compounds Hartono Hartono; Arif Wibowo; Achmadi Priyatmojo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.31623

Abstract

Agarwood is one of the non-timber forest products that have high economic value. Agarwood is widely used to make incense, perfume and other products. Sapwood on agarwood is a group of secondary metabolites of agarwood plants that form a lump and have a certain color and aroma. The fragrant aroma of sapwood on agarwood is formed due to pathogenic infection of the agarwood tree. Until now, most studies of fungi forming sapwood are only oriented to virulent pathogenic fungi in nature and have never been reported to form hypovirulent agarwood. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of fungi originating from sapwood on agarwood especially those that are hypovirulent in inducing sesquiterpene compounds. This study included exploration, isolation, identification, and induction of fungi associated with sapwood on agarwood from four districts in the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. Hypovirulence test in cucumber sprouts and sesquiterpene induction test on agarwood plantlets was conducted in the laboratory. Based on the isolation results, 48 fungal isolates associated with sapwood on agarwood were found: fungi of genus Fusarium, Trichoderma, Aspergillus, Penicillium, Curvularia, Peniophora, and six isolates were unidentified. Based on the hypovirulence test on cucumber sprouts, 46 isolates of the fungus 46 isolates were virulent and 2 isolates were hypovirulent (isolates 4A and 17A). The induction of sesquiterpene compounds on the agarwood plant was employed using 5 sample isolates consisting of 4 virulent isolates (2A, 7A, 18A, and 25A) and 1 hypovirulent isolate (Isolate 4A). The results showed that hypovirulent isolates were able to produce sesquiterpenes even in small amounts compared with virulent isolates. Isolates produced many sesquiterpene compounds were isolates 18A (Fusarium sp.). Sesquiterpene compounds formed were pinene, terpineol, patchouli alcohol, trimethyl-naphthalene, beta-caryophyllene, camphor, eugenol, trimethyl- benzene, phenanthrene, citronella, eucalyptol, 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone. In this study also found fungi associated with sapwood on agarwood which had never been reported by previous researchers, Peniophora sp. (isolate 25A).
The Knowledge and Attitude of Integrated Pest Management Farmers Field Schools Alumni toward the Use of Pesticides in Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia Andriarti Kusumawardani; Edhi Martono; Y. Andi Trisyono; Nugroho Susetya Putra
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.32098

Abstract

The field schools in Indonesia employ an extension alternative model that is considered appropriate to change the habits and behavior of farmers to make them IPM experts in their field. This study was conducted to understand the behavior (knowledge and attitude) of farmers who have joined field schools, i.e. Integrated Pest Management Farmers Field School (IPM-FFS) and Landscape Integrated Pest Management (Landscape IPM), toward the use of pesticides in Klaten, Central Java, Indonesia. The research used a survey method with purposively selected respondents comprising 55 farmers of the IPM alumni and 25 farmers of the Landscape IPM alumni. A descriptive analysis was conducted to analyze the farmers’ knowledge and attitude toward the use of pesticides. Mann-Whitney U-test analysis was performed using Statistical Product and Service Solution (SPSS) version 23, to compare the knowledge and attitude of farmers regarding the use of pesticides. The results showed that the knowledge of farmers of  the Landscape IPM alumni regarding the use of pesticides was higher than that of farmers of the IPM-FFS alumni. There was no difference in the behavior of farmers between the IPM-FFS alumni and the Landscape IPM alumni regarding their attitude toward the use of pesticides.
Efficacy of Biopesticide Be-Bas against Sweet Potato Weevils (Cylas formicarius Fabricius) in Tidal Land Yusmani Prayogo; Marida Santi Yudha Ika Bayu
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.32752

Abstract

In Indonesia tidal land is very wide and quite potential for sweet potatoes, but an obstacle for this cultivation is sweet potato weevil (Cylas formicarius) causes loss of 100%. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biopesticide Be-Bas contains Beauveria bassiana entomopathogenic conidia to C. formicarius mortality at tidal lands. This study was conducted on June-November 2016 in South Kalimantan. The research consisted of five treatments and five replications. Results showed that the application of biopesticide Be-Bas in the planting hole and stem base was effective to cause mortality of 17 and 15 larvae per tuber, respectively. However, the application by soaking cutting was able to kill 3 larvae per tuber. The application of biopesticide Be-Bas in the planting hole and stem base were also effective to suppress the number of eggs laid by C. formicarius in the tuber, hence there was no damage found on the tuber. Meanwhile, the application of conventional insecticide was less effective because a total of 17 eggs and 3 larvae of C. formicarius were still found in each tuber. It caused tuber damage up to 17%, thus the tuber cannot be consumed. Therefore, the application of biopesticide Be-Bas in the planting hole or stem base was considered capable to suppress tubers damage caused by C. formicarius better than that of conventional insecticide.
Identification of Termites’s Hindgut Bacterial Symbionts (Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren) and the Feasibility in Rice Straw Decomposting Marheni Sembiring; Yunda Gusriani
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.33912

Abstract

Cellulotic bacteria can be used as breakers of cellulose bonds in rice straw, one of which is cellulotic symbiont bacteria found in the hindgut part of termite Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren. The study aimed to characterize and identify bacterial isolates from the back intestine of C. curvignathus termites and test the ability of bacterial isolates to decomposition rice straw. The results of isolation on worker caste termites found one bacterial species that was successfully cultured in Carboxylmethil Cellulose (CMC) media. Biochemical test results for isolates, showed that, bacteria found in rod form (rod shape), aerobic, gram negative, motile and produced catalase enzyme. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in bacterial isolates showed similarities with Bacillus cereus. A dose of 10 ml symbiont starter, 50% in concentration, applied to 2 kg rice straw can shorten the decomposition time from 12 weeks to 4 weeks, reducing the required decomposition time which is about 75% of the normal time.
Correlation between Epidermis Thickness, Leaf Trichome Length and Density with the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci Population on Five Local Soybean Cultivars Muhamad Lutfi; Purnama Hidayat; Nina Maryana
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 23, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.34498

Abstract

Soybeans compsumsion in Indonesia is about 2.7 million ton, while the national production is only about 0.7 million ton per year. There are some problems in the soybean production in Indonesia, including pests and diseases. Whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), is one of the important pests in soybeans causes a significant loss of yields. Developing soybean cultivars resistant to whitefly is one of method to reduce the production loss. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the physical characteristics of lower surface leaves and B. tabaci population on five local soybean cultivars. The experiments were conducted in the IPB greenhouse by Completely Randomized Design (RCD) using five soybean cultivars (Anjasmoro, Dena-1, Detam-3, Devon-1, and Wilis) with 3 replicates. Three plants of each cultivar were planted in a polybag, put under a cage, and after one week then infested with 5 female whiteflies. The parameters observed in this study were leaf epidermal thickness; density and length of trichome on lower leaf surface; and the number of egg, nymph, and adult of the whitefly. Observations were carried out every week, from 1−7 weeks after the plant was infested with the whitefly. The population of whitefly was affected by trichome density and length, as well as by the epidermal thickness of the lower leaf surface. The infestation of B. tabaci was higher in the soybean cultivars with denser and longer leaf trichomes, and thinner epidermal of the lower leaf surface. This result of this research suggests that it is necessary to include the characteristics of leaf trichome and epidermal thickness in the breeding program to produce soybean cultivars that are superior in productivity and resistant to whitefly.

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