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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 15 No 4, 2004" : 8 Documents clear

Evaluation of drug release from fatty based suppository: the difference between intrinsic and non-intrinsic dissolution methods ., Marchaban
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Study on the difference of evaluation methods, namely intrinsic and non-intrinsic dissolution methods, on the drug release from fatty-based suppository has been performed. The study was done by producing the suppositories consisting of 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 mg of sodium salicylate respectively. The drug release from the suppositories was then evaluated using intrinsic dissolution apparatus that limited the contact area of the suppository with the medium, and non-intrinsic that not limited its contact area. The aim of the study was to know the difference of the drug release profiles if they are evaluated using intrinsic and non-intrinsic dissolution methods.The results showed that the drug release using non-intrinsic dissolution method was always higher than that of the intrinsic method at any drug concentration, the drug concentration has not showed proportional relationship with their release although the drug release tend to be higher as the concentration was higher.Key words: suppository, dissolution

Estrogenic effect of ethanolic extract of Sambung Nyawa leaves (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) in rat Ika Puspita Sari; Nunung Yuniarti
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Sambung Nyawa leaves (Gynura procumbens (Lour.) Merr.) has been used traditionally as a cancer medicine especially for ovary cyst and uteri cancer. Previous studies found that ethanolic extract of Sambung Nyawa leaves had asparaginase inhibitor and antiangiogenic activity. This research was done to determine estrogenic effect of ethanolic extract of Sambung Nyawa leaves in rats due to activity in ovary and uteri related to estrogen. Sixty female rats (30 immature rats for uterine weight assay) were grouped into a negative control (group I) namely carboxy methyl cellulose sodium (CMC sodium) 0.1 %, group II as a positive control namely ethynile estradiole in CMC sodium 0.1 %. Group III,IV and V were ethanolic extract of Sambung Nyawa at doses 595, 1445 and 3512.5 mg/kg body weight (bw). Group I to V were administered orally for 3 consecutive days at single dose. Group VI was given ethanolic extract of Sambung Nyawa at dose 595 mg/kg bw for 5 consecutive days at single dose. We determined uterine weight and vaginal cornification as the indicator of estrogenic effect in rats. The results had shown that group II, IV, V and VI increased uterine weight significantly when compared with group I (negative group) such as 85.2 to 306.4 % (p<0.05). Group V and VI had shown an increase of the uterine weight higher than ethynil estradiole (p<0.05).Key words : Sambung Nyawa, the ethanolic extract, uterine weight,

The advantages of fentanyl for the treatment of pain: Studies of pharmacological profiles and fentanyl relatedside effects Arief Nurrochmad; Ozaki Masahiko; Minoru Narita; Tsutomu Suzuki
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The understanding of the pharmacological profiles of fentanyl and fentanyl-related side effects seems to be critical for the management for control of pain. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the advantages for treatment with fentanyl and the side effects such as emesis and gastrointestinal transit inhibition. The results demonstrated that fentanyl produced a profound antinociception in ferrets and mice than that induced by morphine. These findings are consistent with the experiences in the clinic. Morphine with lower doses than antinociceptive doses, produced a significant increase in gastrointestinal transit inhibition. However, fentanyl produced no gastrointestinal transit inhibition unlike morphine. These findings are consistent with the clinical experiences in the use of fentanyl. The clinical studies in patients chronic cancer pain showed that transdermal therapeutic delivery system for fentanyl (TTS-fentanyl) produces less side effects such as constipation, nausea and vomiting than that induced by oral morphine. Morphine with lower doses than that used for antinociceptive assay also produced either in the number of retching or vomiting. However, fentanyl failed to produce emetic response in ferrets. These findings indicate that fentanyl produces much less emesis than that induced by morphine. Finally, we conclude that fentanyl produced potent antinociception in ferrets and mice. In addition, fentanyl produced much less side effects including emesis and constipation. These findings may provide evidence for benefit and usefulness of fentanyl for clinical frame on the management of pain treatment.Key word: fentanyl; antinociception; emesis; ferret.

Camphor, one of the essential oil constituent of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Rhizome from medicinal plant garden PT. Nyonya Meneer, Karangjati ., Sudarsono
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

“Empon-empon” has been used as a raw material in most indonesian traditional medicine. Generally many of the indonesian traditional medicine consist of wild Curcuma species. Quality aspect of indonesian traditional medicine for its development in the future is needed. Consistency of the quality of the raw materials are becoming important to support product quality of traditional medicine. Wild raw materials are usually used as a indonesian traditional medicine, therefore the active substance or a charactistic metabolite in medicinal plant is one of the important thing to be found. Xanthorrhizol is one of the essential oil components of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. It has an affect on bile fluid secretion. Pure Xanthorrhizol as reference substance is still quite expensive. The aim of this research is to find out essential oil components that can be isolated. Steam destillation was used to isolate the essential oil, and the components of the essential oil was separated using column chromatography and thin layer chromatography. The identification of the isolated essential oil component was done by gas chromatography. Camphora is one of the Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. essential oil that could be isolated in crystallin form.Key words: Camphora; essential oil; Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb

Evaluation of using Antihipertensi of Angiotensin Renin system to kidney protection on Diabetic patient in X hospital of Yogyakarta Suhadi, Rita; Donatus, Imono Argo; Sidarto, B.
INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The renin-angiotensin-system antihypertensive drugs (RAS), i.e. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) and Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (AIIRAs) are prescribed for diabetes patients to slow the nephropathy progression. There are only limited clinical evidence of the RAS for Indonesian patients. This study aimed at assessing the antihypertensive drug selection and the renoprotective effect on Indonesian patients.The study was done with retrospective survey and descriptiveevaluative design. A total of 116 diabetic patients were participated in the drug selection assessment and the renoprotective effect among 52 patients was analyzed by Kruskal-Wallis non-parametric statistics. The results showed that the antihypertensive drug selection consisted of RAS (ACEIs 48% and AIIRAs 11%), non-RAS 22%, and without antihypertensive drugs 19%. The RAS antihypertensive drugs were administered at 53%; 56%; 92%; and 71% by normal; mild; moderate; and severe kidney dysfuntion patients respectively.The annual clearance creatinine (Clcr) reduction were 3.93; 9.95; 0.85ml/min and the Clcr reduction in 23 months were 9.27; 8.66; 7.76% for non-RAS; without; and RAS antihypertension respectively, but the effects were not significantly different (p>0.05). In conclusion, renoprotection on diabetic patients by RAS was not more superior than that by non-RASantihypertensive drugs. Key words: Diabetic Nephropathy, Renoprotection, ACE-Inhibitors (ACEI), Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonists (AIIRA).

Cost-minimization analysis of intravenous sulbenicillin versus coamoxiclav for cesarean section Tri Murti Andayani; Umi Athijah; Ali Ghufron Mukti
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The cost of antibiotic prophylaxis sulbenicillin versus coamoxiclav (in term of medication use and treatment of complications) to treat cesarean section was compared.The medical records of patient receiving intravenous sulbenicillin orcoamoxiclav for the treatment of cesarean section in PKU Muhammadiyah Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected for patients treated from January 1, 2000 to December 31, 2000. Patient data collected included patient data based, indication of cesarean section, abdominal incision and oral antibiotics. Cost data collected included drug acquisition cost, cost of drug supplies, nursing time to administer the agents and cost of managing complication.The medical records of 98 patients were identified and reviewed. The average length of stay was 4.85 days for the sulbenicillin group and 4.90days for the coamoxiclav group. The average total including the cost of complication was Rp. 140.509 in sulbenicillin group and Rp. 376.310 in coamoxiclav group.In conclusion, the study demonstrates that intravenous coamoxiclav has a higher cost than that of intravenous sulbenicillin. This result can be used to assist institution, clinicians and pharmacists in determining the most appropriate and efficient use of drugs. These data can be a powerful tool to support various clinical and policy drug use decisions, for example included formulary management and drug use policy or guidelines.Key words: antibiotics, cesarean section, cost.

Cloning of mutant genes of Klebsiellae pneumoniae resistant against BRL 41897A (KSL Mutants) M. Kuswandi.
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Previous observations to identify Klebsiellae pneumoniae mutants (KSL) resistant to BRL41897A antibiotic (Kuswandi, 2002), using Southern blot dan SDS-PAGE analysis, showed that there were variation of TnphoA copy in each mutant and differentiation of outer membrane (OM and IROMP) of several mutants cell wall. In order to clone the gene which carries TnphoA from the KSL mutants, the chromosomal DNA fragments that had been ligated to pUC18 plasmid was transformed into E.coli host cells. The positive transformants of different mutants (KSL 19, KSL38 and KSL62) carrying TnphoA has been sequenced. The results showed that the three different transformants of the mutants had different genes inserted TnphoA.Key words: Resistant K.pneumoniae mutants -BRL41897A, clone, sequencing.

Analysis of nicotine in various organs of male mice after inhalation of cigarette smoke Irda Fidrianny; IGNA Supradja; Andreanus A Soemardji
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 15 No 4, 2004
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Nicotine is one of dangerous components in cigarette smoke, there for concentration of nicotin in organ quantitative in organs must be determined. Qualitative and quantitative thin layer chormatographic analysis of nicotine in various organs of male mice after inhalation of cigarette smoke has been carried out. Nicotine was extracted with chloroform in ammoniacal medium and determined by spectrophotodensitometry. The nicotine content in lung is higher than kidney and liver.Key words: nicotine, lung, kidney, liver, male mice

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Kab. sleman,

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INDONESIA