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INDONESIA
Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 986 Documents
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A Quantitative Ethnobotanical Study of Plants Used by the Locals in Camiguin Island, Calayan, Cagayan, Philippines Rudolph Valentino A. Docot; Amritveer Singh Sohal; Carylle G. Dela Cruz; Kaye Allison P. Fontillas; Marc Allan G. Rodriguez; George Emmanuel M. Trillana; Mark Lloyd Granaderos Dapar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.15

Abstract

Traditional knowledge concerning plant utilization in the Philippines is common but is largely underappreciated. Assessment of plant resources by groups of people helps promote valorization of cultural heritage. However, particularly in the Camiguin Island of the North, Cagayan (not to be confused with the island province of Camiguin in Mindanao), the use of terrestrial plants remains unknown. As a response, this study aims to identify terrestrial plants in the island which have ethnobotanical importance through survey interview. The data collected were then analyzed using quantitative ethnobotanical methods. A total of 70 species belonging to 44 plant families were surveyed from the 33 informants. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference between male and female informants in terms of ethnobotanical knowledge. Lamiaceae was the most represented plant family with five species recorded. Leaves were the most used plant part (51%), congruent to previous ethnobotanical studies in the Philippines. Most medicinal preparations were done through decoctions (41.03%). Much of the medicinal plants surveyed were administered through topical medication (54.90%), and this is because the occupation of the people of Camiguin island mostly involves heavy physical activities. Thus, the probability of being wounded in the area is very high. It was found that Vitex negundo was the most used plant in Camiguin island with the used value of 0.15. Furthermore, five ailment/disease categories obtained a 100% fidelity level. This result indicates that the plants used for that disease category are considered the most preferred species. Respiratory diseases obtained the highest FIC value of 0.40, indicating species within that category are the best candidates to search for bioactive compounds. This documentation provides the first checklist of useful plants in Camiguin island and will serve as a basis for future ethnobotanical studies in the Philippines.
Environmental Conditions, Phytochemical Constituents, and Antibacterial Activities of Two Philippine Medicinal Vitaceae Species Jeff Miranda Opena; Rachel Sotto
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.02

Abstract

Plants are utilized for medicinal, therapeutic, nutritional, and industrial importance. This study investigated the phytochemical constituents and antibacterial activities of two medicinal Vitaceae species, namely: Cayratia trifolia and Tetrastigma harmandii. The growing environment (location, elevation, soil properties, and associated plants) of the species in northeastern Cagayan, Luzon, Philippines, were assessed and leaf samples were collected for phytochemical screening and antibacterial analysis. T. harmandii dominated the population found growing in various habitats such as hills, residential areas, near coastal areas and island shorelines, nipa plantations, agricultural and grasslands, near bodies of water, caves, and secondary growth forests while C. trifolia were only found growing in swamps, hills, and secondary growth forests. Both plants were found climbing in plant species like ipil-ipil (Leucaena leucocephala)and kakawate (Gliciridia sepium). T. harmandii populations were growing in soils with lower soil pH and higher nutrient content as compared to C. trifolia populations which grew in soils with higher pH and lower nutrients. Antioxidant properties were exhibited by the presence of secondary metabolites. Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, anthocyanins, tannins, and saponins were detected in C. trifolia ethanolic leaf extracts while phenols, terpenoids, tannins, and saponins were detected in T. harmandii. Both species showed inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, a slight activity against Klebsiella aerogenes was observed for T. harmandii. Thus, C. trifolia and T. harmandii also have antibacterial properties.
Occurrence and identification of Basidiomycetous Fomitopsis species the causal agent of Brown-rot in oil palm Elaeis guineensis in Johor, Malaysia Muhammad Muhammad; Roswanira Abdul Wahab; Mohd Hefni Rusli; Fahrul Huyop
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.03

Abstract

Macro fungi belonging to the family “Polyporaceae” in the phylum Basidiomycota are among the commonplace causal agents of plant diseases. In the present study, we reported the molecular characterization of a macro fungi basidiomycetous brown-rot fungal phytopathogen Fomitopsis strain MM4. The fungal phytopathogen was identified and molecular characterized from the infected stem and tissue of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) in Kulai, Johor. The 18SrRNA nucleotide sequence of the fungal pathogen strain MM4 showed 99% similarity with partial sequences of Antrodia serialis maintained in the genebank database. The pairwise multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the fungus clustered into a single branch of a phylogenetic tree; hence the fungus was designated as Fomitopsis meliae (MM4). The pathogenicity test revealed significant differences (p ≤ 0.05) in disease severity caused by the characterized basidiomycetous brown-rot F. meliae fungal pathogen on oil palm seedlings and the pathogen was successfully re-isolated from infected samples. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of 18S rRNA F. meliae Basidiomycota brown-rot fungi infecting oil palm (Elaeis guineensis). The findings of this study thus support the diversity of pathogenic macro fungi affecting oil palm trees in Malaysia.
Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on the Level of 25(OH)D3, Osteocalcin, and HbA1c in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Vitamin D3 and Type 1 DM Hajeng Wulandari; Harjoedi Adji Tjahjono; Edi Widjajanto
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.14

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic disease caused by insulin deficiency resulting from autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Increased risk of fractures and osteoporosis in T1DM is associated with reducing osteoblast proliferation, survival, and activity. Osteocalcin (OC) is a marker of late-stage osteoblast differentiation. It might be positively modulated by vitamin D. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D3 supplementation on the level of 25(OH)D3, HbA1c, and OC in children with T1DM. A randomized clinical trial was conducted to measures the levels of 25(OH)D3, HbA1c, and OC in children with T1DM supplemented with vitamin D3. Many 26 children with T1DM were equally assigned into two groups: control (standardized insulin treatment) and treatment group (standardized insulin treatment + vitamin D3 2000 IU/day). Subject characteristics showed that the subjects were predominantly female (15/26), well-nourished (19/26), the average age is 12,31 ± 3,069 year, and the dose of insulin average is 1,17 ± 0,233 IU/kg BW/day. Our data demonstrated that vitamin D3 treatment significantly increased the level of 25(OH)D3 and improved glycemic control, represented by a low HbA1c level. However, there was no significant difference in OC level in both groups (independent t-test, p > 0.05). Further analysis showed no significant relationship between the level of 25(OH)D3, HbA1c, and OC. We concluded that vitamin D3 supplementation improves children's glycemic control with T1DM, but no significant alteration on OC levels.Keywords: HbA1c, Osteocalcin, T1DM, Vitamin D
Coffee Landscape of Banyuwangi Geopark: Ecology, Conservation, and Sustainable Tourism Development Luchman Hakim; Brian Rahardi; Dodit Ari Guntoro; Naila Izzatul Mukhoyyaroh
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.11

Abstract

Coffee landscape is one of the crucial elemnt of Banyuwangi Geopark, East Java. Coffee landscape plays an essential role in supporting the sustainable ecosystem in Banyuwangi Geopark. A number of studies have already examined ways to develop and preserve the coffee landscape and its biodiversity, especially in coffee cultivated under agroforestry system. This paper aims to describe the ecology of coffee landscapes in Banyuwangi, identify the problems and opportunities for preservation and biodiversity conservation, explore the possibilities of integrating coffee and tourism, and provide recommendations to preserve the coffee landscape and its biodiversity. Field survey, literature studies and interviews with farmers, tourism consultants, local travel planner, and local guides were conducted to get comprehensive data and information of the tourism potential of coffee landscape ecosystems. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Result of the study shows that Banyuwangi is home to numerous state-, private-, and peasant-owned coffee orchards. Coffee agroforestry has already been established for a long time, contributing to biodiversity conservations. Coffee cultivation is a common practice among communities, which later inspired the creation of a coffee festival. With the high number of tourism attractions located in the geopark area coupled with the trend in tourism development, there is potential in integrating coffee into tourism. Important actions have to be done first, and these are as follows: mapping and describing coffee orchard distribution, enhancing peasant capacity in coffee cultivation, introducing and strengthening sustainable tourism principles, and establishing regulation to ensure the preservation and conservation of coffee cultural landscapes. Result of the studies reported here can be used to provide guidelines for the management of coffee landscape in the Banyuwangi  Geopark area.
Toxicity of food supplements as an adjuvant for COVID-19 treatment or prevention Zoran Zhivikj; Tanja Ivanovska; Lidija Tozi; Tatjana Panovska
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.04

Abstract

Commercially available food supplements, especially vitamins and minerals are becoming increasingly popular in the era of COVID-19 disease. Sales of food supplements increased dynamically because of the belief that they could be more effective than conventional antiviral or corticosteroid drugs as well as missing of the specific medical therapy for preventing or treating this disease. The greatest interest is associated to immune-related nutrients and antioxidant agents, among which vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E, selenium and zinc. All of these are currently under clinical investigation for possible application in prevention and treatment of COVID-19. The main concern is that apart the use in the cases with deficiency of vitamin D or C, selenium and zinc, there are no convincing evidence to support the role of nutritional supplementation in COVID-19 prevention. Further, large intakes may worsen the diet and many people gained weight as additional risk factor of developing complications during the course of the disease, and finally inappropriate doses may initiate toxicity. Hence, additional studies assessing the impact as well as the mechanism of action of the specific nutrients on the incidence and progress of COVID-19 in relation to age, nutritional status, wellbeing and particular to existing co-morbidities, are entailed. Moreover, whether and which specific nutrients has a positive effect against COVID-19 in healthy and well-nourished individuals, should be also evaluated. Awaiting the scientific evidence, we have reviewed mechanisms, efficacy and safety of immune-boosting and/or antioxidant nutrients proposed to be used as food supplements in prevention and treatment of COVID-19. 
Characterisation of a Bacterium from Selat Tebrau and Screening of Microbial Genomes for Dehalogenases: Characterisation of a bacterium from Tebrau Strait Habeebat Adekilekun Oyewusi; Raja Nurulhafiza Raja Mohamed; Fahrul Huyop
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.06

Abstract

Current study was to investigate the presence of dehalogenase in the isolated bacterium from Selat Tebrau that can grow on 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (2,2-DCP is an active compound in herbicide Dalapon®). Strain RN1, a Gram-negative and rod in shape was tentatively identified as Enterobacter cancerogenus based on basic biochemical and the 16S rRNA gene analyses. The calculated cells doubling time were 5.29 hours based on growth of the bacterium in liquid minimal media with 10, 20 and 30 mM of 2,2-DCP, respectively. However, no growth was observed at 40 mM 2,2-DCP liquid minimal medium due to increase in 2,2-DCP toxicity. It was hypothesized that, strain RN1 produced dehalogenase(s) which merits a further study of the genomic data of the same genus and species available in the database. A putative dehalogenase, designated as DehRN was located in the published data of Enterobacter cancerogenus. Pairwise of DehRN amino acids with known dehalogenase resulted in sequence identity of <20%, suggesting a new class of dehalogenase enzyme in the Enterobacter cancerogenus.Keywords: 2,2-DCP, dehalogenase, dichloropropionate, Enterobacter, haloalkanoic acid
Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria in Aquaculture Sources in Johor, Malaysia: Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Kam Kar Yern; Nor Azimah Mohd Zain; Mohd Farazi Jaafar; Mohd Helmi Sani; Mohd Suardi Suhaimi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.02.07

Abstract

The intensive use of antibiotics in aquaculture results in the proliferation of antibiotic. In this study, antibiotic resistant bacteria from six different aquaculture sources (pond of Fisheries Research Institute (FRI), and rivers of Kukup, Pulai, Pendas Laut, Sungai Melayu and Kong Kong) were isolated. These isolates were tested for antibiotic resistance against seven antibiotics via the disc diffusion method. Finally, phenotypic and genotypic identification via 16S rRNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis were carried out. The results show that 58 out of 118 bacterial isolates are resistant to multiple antibiotics. The highest isolate resistance was observed towards rifampicin (89.66%), followed by ampicillin (79.31%) and sulfafurazole (67.24%). The isolates with multiple antibiotic resistant (MAR) index values with more than 20% were subjected to 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The majority of the bacterial strains exhibit multiple antibiotic resistance, indicating that they were isolated from highly contaminated sources based on the tested water qualities profiles, which showed the high level of turbidity and total dissolved solid (TDS) in most sampling sites with the high number of MAR bacteria obtained.Keywords: Antibiotic resistance, Multiple antibiotic resistance, Aquaculture sources,MAR index value, 16S rRNA gene sequencing
Investigation on the Effects of Hydroponic-planting Versus Soil-planting Using Plectranthus amboinicus as a Plant Model Shaila Mohana Dass; Tsun-Thai Chai; Fai-Chu Wong
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.05

Abstract

Hydroponic system is a method of growing crops or plants in a soilless system, by suspending the plant crops in a nutrient-rich solution, with reduced interferences from such factors as soil quality, irrigation and climate. However, there is limited information available on how hydroponic planting will affect the plant’s bioactivities, as well as the associated biochemical, mineral, phytochemical and antioxidant enzyme contents. In this study, we used Plectranthus amboinicus (Indian borage) as a medicinal plant model, to investigate the differences between hydroponic-planted (HP) versus soil-planted (SP) plants. Here, aqueous extracts of Indian borage from HP and SP samples were prepared, followed by testing for their phytochemical, mineral, chlorophyll and carotenoid contents. Based on our results, SP sample was detected with higher antioxidant potentials, using two different radical scavenging assays. This observation is correlating to the higher phytochemical contents (total phenolic, flavonoid, and hydroxycinnamic acids contents), as well as higher chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, detected in the SP sample. However, no significant difference was detected between HP and SP samples, in terms of their protein protection potentials. On the other hand, HP sample was tested with higher mineral contents (iron, copper, magnesium and calcium) using the atomic absorption spectroscopy method. Additionally, higher antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase) were also detected in the HP sample using biochemical assays. In the future study, more plant models can be included in the comparison between HP and SP effects, to determine if a similar phenomenon is observed. Through similar studies, it is hoped that more related information could be gathered and help to guide the choice of suitable planting systems with regard to food security, in terms of both harvest yields and nutritional contents.
Sociological Impact of COVID-19 on People with Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) and Long COVID-19 in Young Children: Sociological Impact of COVID-19 ELENGOE, ASITA; Ibrahem, Kamoka; Allaq, Abdulmutalib; Alabed, ALABED
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 12 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.12.01.06

Abstract

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has posed enormous healthrisks worldwide. In the 21st century, a novel virus which is called SARS-CoV-2; wasthe main cause for the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. This virus is transmitted fromperson to person through direct and indirect transmission. Some infected people develop serious symptoms, but others do not show any symptoms. Infected people withno visible symptoms could also transmit the viruses. Literature studies about theCOVID-19 pandemic (starts from Dec 2020 until June 2021) were conductedthrough PubMed, Embase, Medline and Google Scholar. In this study, we exploredthe COVID-19's impact on non-communicable diseases and young children. Scientists are currently testing several drugs to eradicate the COVID-19 outbreak. Pfizer,AstraZeneca, Sinovac and Moderna, vaccine doses administrated successfullythroughout the world. Government agencies also implemented certain rules and regulations to protect their citizens from coronavirus. Moreover, World Health Organization (WHO) also helps by providing many valuable information and precautionsto countries. Hence, this study might provide some information on how to deal withthe virus to curb the rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2.Keywords: COVID-19, Non-communicable diseases, SARS-CoV-2, Young children

Page 73 of 99 | Total Record : 986

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