JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO
Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro (JNTE) adalah jurnal ilmiah peer-reviewed yang diterbitkan oleh Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas dengan versi cetak (p-ISSN:2302-2949) dan versi elektronik (e-ISSN:2407-7267). JNTE terbit dua kali dalam setahun untuk naskah hasil/bagian penelitian yang berkaitan dengan elektrik, elektronik, telekomunikasi dan informatika.
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<![CDATA[Desain Sistem Pengatur Lampu Lalu Lintas dengan Identifikasi Kepadatan Kendaraan Menggunakan Metode Subtraction ]]>
<![CDATA[Djavendra, Geminiesty Lathifasari]]>;
<![CDATA[Aisyah, Siti]]>;
<![CDATA[Jamzuri, Eko Rudiawan]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.541.2018
<![CDATA[The increasing number of vehicle causes the increasing of traffic density in which one of the main factors of congestion. Traffic density is usually alocated at certain points of roads, one at the instersection. In the novel technology, traffic in the crossroads had been controlled by traffic light using a traffic density prediction system. This prediction system would determine the duration of active green lights and red lights at each intersection. One of the most common prediction systems is a statistical estimation of vehicle density. Other method at controlling traffic density such as visually monitoring system might be implemented to increase system performance. Therefore, this research proposes an automatically traffic control system by predicting traffic density using image processing techniques. The proposed system is using a camera to visually monitor traffic condition. The image data obtained from the camera would be processed using an image processing and background subtraction techniques. This technique compared an the captured-image with a reference image to result a subtracted-image depicted the traffic density which is represented by the number of white pixels. Based on the number of white pixels that have been obtained, the percentage of vehicle queue length and vehicle density can be determine. The percentage then sent to the microcontroller in order to control the duration of the active green light. The traffic light control system using traffic density calculation has an accuracy of up to 77.03% while using the calculation of vehicle queue length reached 91.18%.Keywords : Image processing, image subtraction, light control system, traffic density, dilation, erosionAbstrakBertambahnya jumlah kendaraan menyebabkan meningkatnya kepadatan lalu lintas yang menjadi salah satu faktor utama penyebab kemacetan. Kepadatan lalu lintas biasanya teralokasi di beberapa titik-titik tertentu di ruas jalan, salah satunya di persimpangan. Saat ini lalu lintas di persimpangan jalan diatur oleh lampu lalu lintas menggunakan sistem prediksi kepadatan lalu lintas. Sistem prediksi ini nantinya akan menentukan lama aktifnya lampu hijau dan lampu merah di setiap persimpangan. Salah satu sistem prediksi yang banyak digunakan adalah metode estimasi stastistik kepadatan kendaraan. Metode lain pengontrolan kepadatan lalu lintas seperti sistem pemantauan secara visual memungkinkan untuk diterapkan guna menambah performansi sistem. Untuk itu penelitian ini mengusulkan pembuatan sebuah sistem pengontrolan lampu lalu lintas secara otomatis dengan prediksi kepadatan kendaraan menggunakan teknik pengolahan citra. Sistem yang dibangun menggunakan kamera untuk memantau kondisi kendaraan di jalan raya. Data gambar yang didapat dari kamera kemudian diolah menggunakan teknik pengolahan citra dan teknik pengurangan citra. Teknik ini membandingkan citra objek dengan citra referensi sehingga dapat diketahui jumlah piksel putih pada citra hasil pengurangan citra. Berdasarkan jumlah piksel putih yang telah diperoleh tersebut dapat diketahui persentase panjang antrian kendaraan dan kepadatan kendaraan. Data persentase yang diperoleh kemudian dikirim ke mikrokontroler untuk mengontrol durasi nyala lampu hijau. Pengontrolan lampu lalu lintas dengan perhitungan kepadatan kendaraan memiliki akurasi hingga 77.03% sedangkan dengan perhitungan panjang antrian kendaraan mencapai 91.18%. Kata Kunci : Pengolahan citra, pengurangan citra, sistem kontrol lampu, kepadatan kendaraan, dilation, erosion]]>
<![CDATA[Energi Listrik dari Pengereman Regeneratif Sepeda Motor dengan Menggunakan Dinamo Sepeda ]]>
<![CDATA[Latif, Melda]]>;
<![CDATA[Valdesio, Anugrah]]>;
<![CDATA[Muharam, Mumuh]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.503.2018
<![CDATA[Regenerative breaking is an energy recovery mechanism from wasted energy during breaking process. In a conventional breaking process, the kinetic energy from the wheel is converted into heat due to friction of the break disc. In regenerative breaking, the kinetic energy is converted into electric energy by a dynamo. This research aims to find amount of electric power, voltage and current that can be generated from regenerative breaking. By adding a prototype which contains dynamo of bicycle, rectifier and dc-dc converter, the generative braking can change kinetic energy into electrical energy. In this research, three types of front wheel disc, i.e. with hard insulation, soft insulation and without insulations had been used for the experiment.. It is found that the best result is obtained by using hard insulation. For motorcycle speed at 70 km/hours, voltage, current and power values are 12,8 Volt, 130 mA and 1664 mWatt. The advantages of the hard insulation are less friction, less heat dissipation and quieter.  Keywords : Regenerative braking, motorcycle, isolation, wheel, dynamo of bicycle.]]>
<![CDATA[Penerapan Algoritma A-Star Sebagai Pencari Rute Terpendek pada Robot Hexapod ]]>
<![CDATA[Hermanto, Dedy]]>;
<![CDATA[Dermawan, Sepri]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.545.2018
<![CDATA[A-Star is a path finding algorithm that combine Uniform Cost Search and Greedy-Best First Search. Uniform Cost Search will choose the smallest cost from start to goal, while Greedy-Best First Search uses a heuristic function to estimate the cost required from start to goal. This research aims to implement A-Star algorithm to find the fastest path for hexapod robot navigation. Hexapod robot is a type of robot that moves using six legs. The working principle of hexapod robot in this research is the robot moves according grid obtained from A-Star algorithm with the help of compass sensors and ultrasonic sensors. The compass sensor is used to navigate the robot directions in path that obtained from A-Star, while ultrasonic sensors is used to detect any obstacle on the robot path. When ultrasonic sensors detect the obstacle, the robot will move away and find the fastest path again using A-Star. The method used in this research is the development of systems with an iterative model. Based on the results of the testing, the A-Star algorithm can be used to find the fastest path on hexapod robot. Keywords : A-Star Algorithm, Hexapod Robot, Iterative, Obstacle and NavigationAbstrakAlgoritma A-Star merupakan gabungan antara algoritma pencarian Uniform Cost dan Greedy-Best First. Algoritma Uniform cost digunakan untuk mencari biaya yang paling rendah untuk dimulai dari titik awal hingga akhir,sedangkan algoritma Greedy-best first digunakan untuk memberikan estimasi biaya dari titik awal hingga akhir dengan menggunakan fungsi heuristik. Salah satu implementasi dari algoritma A-Star digunakan untuk mencari jalur tercepat. Pada penelitian ini algoritma A-Star digunakan pada navigasi robot hexapod untuk mencari jalur tercepat. Hexapod robot merupakan salah satu jenis robot, dimana pergerakan robot ini dibantu dengan menggunakan enam kaki. Prinsip kerja dari robot dalam penelitian ini yaitu robot akan bergerak sesuai grid yang telah dipetakan dalam arena dengan memanfaatkan algoritma A-Star dan dengan bantuan dari sensor kompas dan ultrasonic. Sensor kompas digunakan untuk navigasi arah gerak robot dimana didapat dari algoritma A-Star. Sensor ultrasonic digunakan untuk mendeteksi halangan yang ada didepan, ketika terdapat halangan maka robot akan menghindar dan akan melakukan kembali perhitungan jalur tercepat lagi. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metoda iteratif. Hasil yang didapat pada penelitian ini yang telah diuji sebelumnya didapat bahwa algoritma A-Star dapat digunakan pada robot hexapod untuk mendapatkan jalur tercepat dalam mencapai tujuan. Kata Kunci : Algoritma A-Star, Robot Hexapod, Iteratif, Halangan dan Navigasi]]>
<![CDATA[Prediction of ZnO Surge Arrester Degradation Based on Temperature and Leakage Current Properties ]]>
<![CDATA[Novizon, Novizon]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdul-Malek, Zulkarnain]]>;
<![CDATA[Aulia, Aulia]]>;
<![CDATA[Waldi, Eka Putra]]>;
<![CDATA[Rajab, Abdul]]>;
<![CDATA[Darwison, Darwison]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.501.2018
<![CDATA[Temperature and leakage current on the ZnO arrester are interrelated with each other. In low conduction region, voltage-current characteristics of ZnO surge arrester are highly dependent on temperature. The leakage current will increase as the temperature increases and experience thermal runaway when the temperature exceeds the acceptable limit. This phenomenon is associated with the increase of resistive leakage current due to degradation. Therefore the temperature and leakage current are good indicator to evaluate the condition of ZnO arrester. This paper proposed the degradation prediction of ZnO surge arrester by analyzed the temperature and leakage current. The 132 kV station type ZnO surge arrester was employed. Temperature profile of ZnO arrester was obtained using thermal camera. The leakage current was measured simultaneous with the temperature measurement to attain the leakage current at the actual temperature. The results shows the leakage current continue increasing by increasing the temperature. Keywords : Resistive leakage current, temperature, degradation, prediction, zinc oxide surge arrester]]>
<![CDATA[Antena Wideband Planar Bowtie untuk Pemanenan Energi Gelombang Televisi Elektromagnetik Terestrial ]]>
<![CDATA[Andre, Hanalde]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.498.2018
<![CDATA[The process of harvesting electromagnetic energy has two important aspects, namely the antenna as a collector of electromagnetic waves and rectifiers. This paper aims to design a planar bowtie antenna that can operate on terrestrial television broadcasting frequency. Design of antennas using finite element simulation method. Based on the simulation result, the bandwitdh fraktional antenna for return loss value below -10 dB is 70,46% and fractionall bandwitdh antenna for VSWR below value 2 is 75,98. The middle frequency of the antenna is 589 MHz. Keywords : Harvesting Energy, Electromagnetic, Antenna, Terrestrial Television AbstrakProses pemanenan energi elektromagnetik memiliki dua aspek penting yaitu antena sebagai pengumpul gelombang elektromagnetik dan penyearah. Pada jurnal ini didisain antena bidang kupu-kupu yang dapat beroperasi pada frekuensi penyiaran televisi terestrial. Perancangan antena dilakukan menggunakan simulasi metode elemen hingga. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi didapatakan bandwitdh fraktional antena untuk nilai return loss dibawah -10 dB sebesar 70,46% dan bandwitdh fraktional antena untuk nilai VSWR dibawah 2 sebesar 75,98. Frekunsi tengah antena didapatkan sebesar 589 MHz. Kata Kunci : Pemanenan Energi, Elektromagnetik, Antena, Televisi Terestrial]]>
<![CDATA[Pengukuran Radiasi Elektromagnetik Frekuensi Sangat Tinggi (VHF) Petir Compact Intracloud Discharges ]]>
<![CDATA[Emeraldi, Primas]]>;
<![CDATA[Hazmi, Ariadi]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.499.2018
<![CDATA[Compact Intracloud Discharges (CIDs) are another type of intracloud lightning. CIDs emit strong high-frequency emissions compared to the first return stroke from cloud to ground lightning or other types of discharge in clouds. High-frequency radiation from lightning CIDs may affect electronic systems, which may pose a danger to communications equipment, radio, satellite and avionics systems. This paper presents a design of a fast electric field detector to detect a broadband of radiation from CIDs and Very High Frequency (VHF) electric field detector to detect high-frequency radiation of CIDs. Fast electric field detector circuit consists of buffer circuit and integrator amplifier while VHF electric field detector is a buffer circuit and active band pass filter at 51.76 MHz. From the measurement of the electric field of lightning during March 2016 to March 2017, 104 CID negative lightning data and 33 positive CID lightning data was recorded. VHF radiation of CID is detected simultaneously with the occurrence of CID lightning events. The VHF radiation of negative CID and positive CID have similar time characteristics. Keywords : Lightning, Compact Intracloud Discharges, Electric Field Detector, Band Pass FilterAbstrakDisamping jenis petir intracloud biasa, ada jenis lain dari petir intracloud yang dikenal sebagai Compact Intracloud Discharges (CIDs). CIDs memancarkan radiasi frekuensi tinggi yang kuat dibandingkan dengan sambaran balik pertama dari petir awan ke tanah ataupun jenis pelepasan muatan di awan lainnya. Radiasi frekuensi tinggi dari petir CIDs ini dapat mempengaruhi sistem elektronik sehingga dapat menimbulkan bahaya jika mengenai peralatan komunikasi, radio, satelit dan sistem avionik. Dalam makalah ini disajikan perancangan detektor petir medan listrik cepat untuk mendeteksi medan radiasi pita lebar dari petir CIDs dan detektor medan listrik Very High Frequency (VHF) untuk mendeteksi radiasi frekuemsi tinggi dari petir tersebut. Rangkaian detektor medan listrik cepat terdiri dari rangkaian buffer dan integrator amplifier sedangkan detektor medan listrik VHF berupa rangkaian buffer dan active band pass filter dengan konfigurasi multiple feed back (MFB) yang mempunyai frekuensi tengah 51,76 MHz. Dari pengukuran medan listrik petir selama bulan Maret 2016 sampai Maret 2017 diperoleh sebanyak 104 data petir CID negatif dan 33 data petir CID positif beserta gelombang radiasi VHF nya. Gelombang medan listrik radiasi VHF dari petir CID terdeteksi bersamaan dengan terjadinya kejadian petir CID. Radiasi VHF petir CID negatif dan petir CID positif mempunyai karakteristik waktu yang relatif sama. Kata Kunci : Petir, Compact Intracloud Discharges, Detektor Medan Listrik, Band Pass Filter]]>
<![CDATA[Penggunaan Dual-Layer Substrate untuk Meningkatkan Bandwidth Antena Mikrostrip pada Frekuensi LTE ]]>
<![CDATA[Fernandez, Rudy]]>;
<![CDATA[Pratama, Febrian Akbar]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.505.2018
<![CDATA[Narrow bandwidth is one of the problems in a microstrip antenna. Bandwidth enhancement is proposed by applying dual-layer in the substrate. The bottom layer is made from a single-layer circular microstrip antenna design by applying the formula to get an initial dimension and then it is simulated by an EM Simulator to verify its performance whether meet the specific requirement. The dimension of optimized design is used as a dimension for the top layer but without the ground plane. The antenna uses substrate FR4 which has thickness of 1.6 mm with dielectric constant of 4.3. The simulation result of the dual-layer antenna in frequency band 40 LTE shows that there is an additional bandwidth of 46% with return loss -23.45 dB, antenna gain 0.34 dB and directional radiation pattern. Keywords : Microstrip Antenna, Return Loss and Dual-layer]]>
<![CDATA[Simulasi dan Analisa Performansi Buck Converter Dengan Pengendali Dua Derajat Kebebasan ]]>
<![CDATA[Laksono, Heru Dibyo]]>;
<![CDATA[Saputra, Firmansyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Ismail, Ismail]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.508.2018
<![CDATA[DC power supply are commonly used to convert DC voltage level to another level. One type of DC power supply is a buck converter that is used to lower a voltage level. In order to have a proper feedback of voltage output in buck converter system, it will be controlled by a  Two Degrees of Freedom PID Controller. This research aim to analyze the performance of the buck converter that have a Two Degrees of Freedom PID Controller. Two Degrees of Freedom Controller has proportional, integral and derivative control parameters. The simulation of the system is made with the help of software MATLAB. The first simulation and analysis is buck converter system without controller. From the analysis, the desired criteria is obtained . Then a buck converter system was designed. It is controlled using a parallel type of Two Degrees of Freedom PID Controller as well as feedforward, feedback, and filter. From all these types of controllers, it showed that the first order of Proportional Differential Filter (PDF) feedforward type with the value of  Kp = 171, Kd = 0.00545, Tf = 4.88e-07 and the first order of  PDF feedback type with the value of Kp = 171, Kd = 0.00545, Tf = 4.88e-07 was considered as the proper controller that matched with the characteristic. Therefore, it could be concluded that the buck converter controlling system with Two Degrees of Freedom PID Controller could produce a buck converter system with a good performance compared to buck converter without any controllers.Keywords:  Buck converter, Two Degrees of Freedom PID Controller, control system, time domain performance.]]>
<![CDATA[Antena Wideband Planar Bowtie untuk Pemanenan Energi Gelombang Televisi Elektromagnetik Terestrial ]]>
<![CDATA[Hanalde Andre]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.498.2018
<![CDATA[The process of harvesting electromagnetic energy has two important aspects, namely the antenna as a collector of electromagnetic waves and rectifiers. This paper aims to design a planar bowtie antenna that can operate on terrestrial television broadcasting frequency. Design of antennas using finite element simulation method. Based on the simulation result, the bandwitdh fraktional antenna for return loss value below -10 dB is 70,46% and fractionall bandwitdh antenna for VSWR below value 2 is 75,98. The middle frequency of the antenna is 589 MHz. Keywords : Harvesting Energy, Electromagnetic, Antenna, Terrestrial Television AbstrakProses pemanenan energi elektromagnetik memiliki dua aspek penting yaitu antena sebagai pengumpul gelombang elektromagnetik dan penyearah. Pada jurnal ini didisain antena bidang kupu-kupu yang dapat beroperasi pada frekuensi penyiaran televisi terestrial. Perancangan antena dilakukan menggunakan simulasi metode elemen hingga. Berdasarkan hasil simulasi didapatakan bandwitdh fraktional antena untuk nilai return loss dibawah -10 dB sebesar 70,46% dan bandwitdh fraktional antena untuk nilai VSWR dibawah 2 sebesar 75,98. Frekunsi tengah antena didapatkan sebesar 589 MHz. Kata Kunci : Pemanenan Energi, Elektromagnetik, Antena, Televisi Terestrial]]>
<![CDATA[Pengukuran Radiasi Elektromagnetik Frekuensi Sangat Tinggi (VHF) Petir Compact Intracloud Discharges ]]>
<![CDATA[Primas Emeraldi]]>;
<![CDATA[Ariadi Hazmi]]>
<![CDATA[ JURNAL NASIONAL TEKNIK ELEKTRO Vol 7, No 2: July 2018 ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Jurusan Teknik Elektro Universitas Andalas ]]>
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DOI: 10.25077/jnte.v7n2.499.2018
<![CDATA[Compact Intracloud Discharges (CIDs) are another type of intracloud lightning. CIDs emit strong high-frequency emissions compared to the first return stroke from cloud to ground lightning or other types of discharge in clouds. High-frequency radiation from lightning CIDs may affect electronic systems, which may pose a danger to communications equipment, radio, satellite and avionics systems. This paper presents a design of a fast electric field detector to detect a broadband of radiation from CIDs and Very High Frequency (VHF) electric field detector to detect high-frequency radiation of CIDs. Fast electric field detector circuit consists of buffer circuit and integrator amplifier while VHF electric field detector is a buffer circuit and active band pass filter at 51.76 MHz. From the measurement of the electric field of lightning during March 2016 to March 2017, 104 CID negative lightning data and 33 positive CID lightning data was recorded. VHF radiation of CID is detected simultaneously with the occurrence of CID lightning events. The VHF radiation of negative CID and positive CID have similar time characteristics. Keywords : Lightning, Compact Intracloud Discharges, Electric Field Detector, Band Pass FilterAbstrakDisamping jenis petir intracloud biasa, ada jenis lain dari petir intracloud yang dikenal sebagai Compact Intracloud Discharges (CIDs). CIDs memancarkan radiasi frekuensi tinggi yang kuat dibandingkan dengan sambaran balik pertama dari petir awan ke tanah ataupun jenis pelepasan muatan di awan lainnya. Radiasi frekuensi tinggi dari petir CIDs ini dapat mempengaruhi sistem elektronik sehingga dapat menimbulkan bahaya jika mengenai peralatan komunikasi, radio, satelit dan sistem avionik. Dalam makalah ini disajikan perancangan detektor petir medan listrik cepat untuk mendeteksi medan radiasi pita lebar dari petir CIDs dan detektor medan listrik Very High Frequency (VHF) untuk mendeteksi radiasi frekuemsi tinggi dari petir tersebut. Rangkaian detektor medan listrik cepat terdiri dari rangkaian buffer dan integrator amplifier sedangkan detektor medan listrik VHF berupa rangkaian buffer dan active band pass filter dengan konfigurasi multiple feed back (MFB) yang mempunyai frekuensi tengah 51,76 MHz. Dari pengukuran medan listrik petir selama bulan Maret 2016 sampai Maret 2017 diperoleh sebanyak 104 data petir CID negatif dan 33 data petir CID positif beserta gelombang radiasi VHF nya. Gelombang medan listrik radiasi VHF dari petir CID terdeteksi bersamaan dengan terjadinya kejadian petir CID. Radiasi VHF petir CID negatif dan petir CID positif mempunyai karakteristik waktu yang relatif sama. Kata Kunci : Petir, Compact Intracloud Discharges, Detektor Medan Listrik, Band Pass Filter]]>
