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Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 08548722     EISSN : 24430757     DOI : 10.14421/ajish
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
2nd Floor Room 205 Faculty of Sharia and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga, Marsda Adisucipto St., Yogyakarta 55281
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Articles 5 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 52 No 2 (2018)" : 5 Documents clear
Penyatuatapan Sistem Pembinaan Peradilan di Indonesia Era Reformasi dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Otoritas Peradilan Agama Ibrahim, Malik; Warsito, Tulus; Jatmika, Sidik; Pribadi, Ulung
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 52 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v52i2.500

Abstract

Abstrac: Management of the Religious Courts in Indonesia turn to changes in the Reformation era. Before the Reformation era, management of the Religious Courts was carried out by two institutions;, namely the Ministry of Religion and the Supreme Court, while in the Reformation era its management was only carried out by the Supreme Court. This paper looks at the phenomenon of formation change processes and its influence on the Religious Court, especially related to the reasons for changes and the factors that influence these changes. This phenomenon is influenced by internal factors and external factors. Its internal factor is efficiency in judicial management and the opening of opportunities for the Religious Courts officials to compete with other judicial officers below the Supreme Court. Its external factor is the enactment of several laws and regulations as mandated by judicial reform in Indonesia. These changes have caused significant results as can be seen in several aspects, such as the revitalization of positions, roles, functions and institutions, organizational structure, institutional processes (litigation and non-litigation processes), human resources, and public services that are fast, transparent and easy. However, the change in management still has unresolved problems, such as budgetary aspects and employee recruitment. Also, the independence of the religious courts during the reform era is not fully independent in totality because it still influenced by the power outside the religious courts or the supreme court; executive and legislative power.Abstrak: Pada era reformasi, telah terjadi perubahan pembinaan terhadap Peradilan Agama (PA). Jika sebelum era Reformasi pembinaan PA menganut sistem peradilan dua atap, dalam arti bahwa pembinaan peradilan PA dilakukan oleh dua lembaga, yaitu Kementerian Agama dan Mahkamah Agung, maka pada era Reformasi pembinaan PA menganut sistem peradilan satu atap, yakni bahwa pembinaan hanya dilakukan oleh Mahkamah Agung. Tulisan ini melihat fenomena proses perubahan pembinaan dan pengaruhnya terhadap PA, terutama terkait dengan alasan perubahan dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perubahan tersebut. Perubahan pembinanan yang terjadi pada PA dipengaruhi oleh faktor internal dan faktor eksternal. Faktor internal yang mempengaruhi perubahan tersebut adalah keinginan dari aparat PA untuk melakukan pengelolaan pengadilan secara lebih efisien dan memudahkan komunikasi di antara aparat PA dan juga harapan agar aparat PA mampu bersaing dengan aparat peradilan lainnya di bawah MA. Sementara faktor eksternalnya adalah diberlakukannya beberapa peraturan perundangan sebagai amanat reformasi peradilan di Indonesia. Perubahan tersebut telah menyebabkan perubahan yang cukup signifikan sebagaimana dapat dilihat pada beberapa aspek, seperti revitalisasi kedudukan, peran, fungsi dan lembaga, struktur organisasi, proses kelembagaan (proses berperkara dan nonperkara), sumber daya manusia, dan pelayanan publik yang cepat, transparan dan mudah. Namun perubahan pembinaan tersebut juga masih menyisakan problem yang belum terselesaikan, yaitu aspek anggaran dan rekruitmen pegawai sehingga kemandirian yang terjadi di lingkungan PA pada masa reformasi belum sepenuhnya mandiri secara totalitas karena terkait kekuasaan di luar PA ataupun MA, yaitu kekuasan eksekutif dan legislatif.
Analisis Hukum terhadap Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syari’ah Bank Wakaf Mikro di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Umam, Khotibul; Harahab, Yulkarnain; Ilhami, Haniah
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 52 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v52i2.555

Abstract

Abstract: This research focuses on analyzing the position of Sharia Micro Finance Institution – Bank Wakaf Mikro (Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah-Bank Wakaf Mikro/LKMS-BWM) in positive law. Furthermore, this research explores the management and activities of LKMS-BWM in empowering micro-businesses in D.I. Yogyakarta. This is normative legal research and focused on analyzing secondary data, specifically all regulations related to Syariah Micro Finance Institution. The research uses Statutory Approach and Conceptual Approach. The results of this research were analyzed qualitatively. This research finds that: (1) The legal position of LKMS-BWM is an institution incorporated as a Service Cooperative and has a business license known as Sharia Micro Finance Institution; (2) Management and activities of LKMS-BWM in D.I. Yogyakarta involves various stakeholders consisting of donors, LAZNAS BSM UMAT, BWM, and Productive Poor Communities. Financing activities are given in the form of social contracts (qardh) at the first stage and a business contract (tijārah) at the next stage according to the fatwa (Islamic instructions of rules) DSN-MUI. Abstract: Artikel ini mengkaji dan menganalisis kedudukan LKMS-BWM dari perspektif hukum positif, serta tata kelola dan aktivitasnya dalam kaitannya dengan pemberdayaan usaha mikro di D.I. Yogyakarta. Ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, yaitu penelitian yang mendasarkan pada data sekunder, khususnya berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dengan pendekatan peraturan perundang-undangan dan pendekatan konsep serta analisis data kualitatif. Dari kajian dan analisis yang telah dilakukan diperoleh temuan bahwa: pertama, Kedudukan LKMS-BWM adalah lembaga berbadan hukum Koperasi Jasa dan memiliki izin usaha sebagai Lembaga Keuangan Mikro Syariah. BWM adalah branding bagi LKMS sehingga tidak mencerminkan substansi ditinjau dari ketentuan hukum positif, bahkan tidak semua aspek dalam koperasi dan LKM dapat dipenuhi oleh BWM. Kedua, dalam kaitannya dengan pemberdayaan usaha mikro di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, tata kelola dan aktivitas LKMS-BWM telah melibatkan berbagai stakeholders yang terdiri dari donatur, LAZNAS BSM UMAT, BWM, dan Masyarakat Miskin Produktif. Aktivitas pembiayaan diberikan dalam bentuk akad sosial (qardh) pada tahap pertama dan akad bisnis (tijārah) pada tahap berikutnya sesuai fatwa DSN-MUI.
Provisions of Minimum Age of Marriage in Indonesia: Amendments Efforts and Responses Mustofa, Kholifatun Nur
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 52 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v52i2.573

Abstract

This paper examines the provisions of the minimum age of marriage by considering regulations in various Muslim countries. Besides, this paper also discusses why Indonesia experienced resistance in changing the rules of the minimum age. Using a sociological approach, this paper examines the minimum age limit in various Muslim countries and efforts in renewal the minimum age limit in Indonesia. Data collection is done through literature review, decisions, and related journals. This data is supported by the information from interviews on the judge’s attitude and response. The author interviewed 6 judges of the Bantul and Wonosari Religious Courts. This paper confirms that efforts made by several institutions to raise the minimum age of marriage have been made. One of them is the submission of Judicial Review No. 30-74 / PUU-XI / 2014 to the Constitutional Court, which was unfortunately rejected. One of the legal considerations of the Constitutional Court Judge is that the application is considered contrary to the 1945 Constitution. The prevailing customary law and cultural diversity in Indonesia have significant influence in increasing the minimum age, because one community has different views with others on the minimum boundary age of marriage. Besides, the Constitutional Court judges consider that raising the minimum age does not have a significant influence on reducing child marriages and some other adverse effects, but that influence emerges from the internet. The study also argues that these changes are considered not in harmony with all the different interests of society. This was also in line with the response of 6 judges in the Bantul and Wonosari Religious Courts.
ANALISIS GENDER TERHADAP PUTUSAN HAKIM PENGADILAN AGAMA TENTANG IZIN POLIGAMI (Studi Kasus di Pengadilan Agama Sleman Tahun 2017) Akbar, M Rafii
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 52 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v52i2.507

Abstract

Polygamy is a popular issue that still exists today and is often juxtaposed with the teachings of Islam. However, with the development of the times, a movement against the practice of polygamy began to emerge from several circles, including feminists. The Sleman Religious Court has received 9 cases of polygamy permits in 2017, from all of which the judges granted permission, so that the judges of the Sleman Religious Court in this case tend to relax polygamy permits. This article seeks to illustrate the extent of the judges' awareness of gender justice issues in polygamy license cases. This research is literature research using gender analysis method and is prescriptive in nature. This research uses a gender approach. The data collection technique used in this research is primary data, namely the decision of the judge of the Sleman Religious Court on polygamy permits in 2017 which amounted to 8 cases. The results of this study indicate that religious court judges in providing decisions at least describe the three elements of law enforcement, namely justice, legal certainty and expediency by not discriminating against access, role, control, and benefit-taking of the applicant and respondent. The judges of the Sleman Religious Court in determining decisions in several decisions did not fulfill the principles of gender justice, namely equal access, roles, control and benefit-taking, especially in cases of polygamy permits caused by the applicant's desire to add offspring. as well as in law enforcement, the judges of the Sleman Religious Court did not apply the statutory provisions of article 4 paragraph 2 as a reason for polygamy permits properly so as not to provide legal certainty. Poligami merupakan permasalahan yang populer dan masih eksis hingga saat ini dan sering disandingkan dengan ajaran agama Islam. Akan tetapi dengan perkembangan zaman mulai muncul gerakan perlawanan terhadap praktik poligami dari beberapa kalangan, di antaranya kaum feminis. Pengadilan Agama Sleman telah menerima 9 kasus izin poligami pada tahun 2017, dari keseluruhan permohonan tersebut diberikan izin oleh majelis hakim, sehingga Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Agama Sleman dalam hal ini cendrung melonggarkan izin poligami. Artikel ini berusaha menggambarkan sejauh mana kesadaran para hakim terhadap isu keadilan gender dalam perkara izin poligami. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian literatur dengan menggunakan metode analisis gender dan bersifat preskriptif. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan gender. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yaitu putusan hakim pengadilan agama sleman tentang izin poligami pada tahun 2017 yang berjumlah 8 kasus. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hakim pengadilan agama dalam memberikan keputusan setidaknya menggambarkan tiga unsur penegakan hukum yaitu keadilan, kepastian hukum dan kemanfaatan dengan tidak membeda-bedakan akses, peran, kontrol, dan pengambilan manfaat terhadap pemohon dan termohon. Hakim pengadilan agama sleman dalam menetapkan keputusan pada beberapa putusan tidak memenuhi prinsip keadilan gender yakni persamaan akses, peran, kontrol dan pengambilan manfaat terutama dalam kasus izin poligami yang disebabkan oleh keinginan pemohon menambah keturunan. begitupula dalam penegakan hukum majelis hakim pengadilan agama sleman tidak menerapkan ketetapan perundang-undangan pasal 4 ayat 2 sebagai alasan izin poligami secara baik sehingga tidak memberikan kepastian hukum.
Kontestasi Kesejahteraan dalam Pertambangan: Studi Kasus Ijin Penambangan Semen Rembang Tinjauan Maqasid Asy-Syari’ah Subaktiansyah, Mochamad A’an Tri
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 52 No 2 (2018)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v52i2.1595

Abstract

Environmental conflicts caused by mining activities in Indonesia often spark public debate, including contestations over narratives of welfare. One notable case is the limestone mining for cement raw materials in Tegaldowo, Rembang, Central Java, which has sparked controversy over the Governor of Central Java's Decision Letter (SK) No. 660.1/30 of 2016. This article analyzes the debate through the perspective of maqasid asy-syari'ah (sharia objectives) using a library research approach and descriptive-analytical qualitative methods. Data was obtained from observations and documentation of policies, environmental reports, and public responses. The results of the study show that the contestation of welfare in the public sphere arises from differences in narratives between the pro and con sides. Those who reject the Governor's Decree argue that the policy contradicts the Rembang Spatial Plan (RTRW), the findings of the Strategic Environmental Assessment (KLHS), and the UNDP's human security principles. Meanwhile, from the perspective of maqasid asy-syari'ah, the existence of the cement factory is considered to fulfill secondary needs (hajiyyat), such as creating job opportunities and business prospects. However, the long-term environmental impacts based on the KLHS must be seriously considered. This study concludes that mining policies must balance economic and ecological aspects, in accordance with the principles of maqasid asy-syari'ah, which guarantee maslahah (benefit) and justice. Policy recommendations need to prioritize environmental sustainability and community participation to prevent the escalation of conflicts in the future. Konflik lingkungan akibat kegiatan penambangan di Indonesia kerap memicu perdebatan publik, termasuk kontestasi narasi kesejahteraan. Salah satu kasus yang menonjol adalah penambangan batu kapur untuk bahan baku semen di Tegaldowo, Rembang, Jawa Tengah, yang memunculkan pro-kontra terhadap Surat Keputusan (SK) Gubernur Jawa Tengah Nomor 660.1/30 Tahun 2016. Artikel ini menganalisis perdebatan tersebut melalui perspektif maqasid asy-syari’ah (tujuan syariah) dengan pendekatan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) dan metode kualitatif deskriptif-analitis. Data diperoleh dari observasi dan dokumentasi kebijakan, laporan lingkungan, serta tanggapan publik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kontestasi kesejahteraan di ruang publik muncul akibat perbedaan narasi antara pihak pro dan kontra. Pihak yang menolak SK Gubernur berargumen bahwa kebijakan tersebut bertentangan dengan Rencana Tata Ruang Wilayah (RTRW) Rembang, temuan Kajian Lingkungan Hidup Strategis (KLHS), serta prinsip human security UNDP. Sementara itu, dari sudut pandang maqasid asy-syari’ah, keberadaan pabrik semen dinilai memenuhi kebutuhan hajiyyat (sekunder), seperti membuka lapangan pekerjaan dan peluang usaha. Namun, dampak jangka panjang terhadap lingkungan hidup berdasarkan KLHS perlu dipertimbangkan secara serius. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa kebijakan penambangan harus menyeimbangkan aspek ekonomi dan ekologi, sesuai prinsip maqasid asy-syari’ah yang menjamin kemaslahahtan (maslahah) dan keadilan. Rekomendasi kebijakan perlu memprioritaskan keberlanjutan lingkungan serta partisipasi masyarakat untuk mencegah eskalasi konflik di masa depan.

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