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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 9 Documents

Search results for , issue " Vol 7, No 3 (2004)" : 9 Documents clear

KOMPOSISI KIMIA MINYAKASTIRI PALA WEGIO {Myristica fatua Houtt.) Jamal, Yuliasri; Agusta, Andria
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Aril and seeds of "pala wegio" {Myristica fatua Houtt),as one of endemic plants from Moluccas, contained 0.81% and 0.73%essential oils respectively.Gas Chromatography & Mass Spectrometry (GCMS) analyses indicated two similar major components (>10%) in aril and seeds essential oils of "pala wegio", (-) a-Copaene (aril 36.11% & seeds 29.81%) and caryophyllene (aril 18.05% & seeds 34.62%).However, the seeds essential oil had the third major component unindentified with 17.58% content.

KULTUR IN-VITRO EKSPLAN RIMPANG Zingiber zerumbet van aromaticum Val Hoesen, Djadja Siti Hazar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Zingiberaceae species Zingiber zerumbet var. aromaticum Val. usually propagated by vegetative part of the plant. Study on the proliferation of rhizome explants through in-vitro method were conducted on this species for propagation.The explants were cultured in MS (Murashige & Skoog) composition medium in normal and half strength concentration of macro elements, supplemented with micro elements and vitamins. Plant growth regulator (PGR) cytokinin (kinetin, adenine sulphate) were added in initiation stage.Benzyl adenine (BA), thidiazuron and 2,4D (dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) added in medium as treatments to induce shoot multiplication and adventitious shoot development or rooting plants.The media for induced multiple shoot and roots (plantlets) development, supplemented with PGR BA, thidiazuron, Indole butyric acid (D3A) as treatments and activated charcoal were added as antioxidant.In general, most of cultures were indicated have positively responds to PGR treatments. The ability of culture to produce multiple shoots and roots such as in medium with BAP (8 mg/1) + thidiazuron (0.1 mg/1) + IBA (1 mg/l)-indole butyric acid would give a better opportunity of rhizome explants proliferation and plantlets development of Z. zerumbet var. aromaticum.

THE STATUS OF Trichosanthes anguina L. (CUCURBITACEAE) ) [Status Trichosanthes anguina L. (Cucurbitaceae)] Rugayah, Rugayah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v7i3.1066

Perbedaan pendapat tentang status kedudukan taksonomi Trichosanthes anguina sebagai jenis yang berbeda dengan T. cucumerina,maupun sebagai anak jenis T. cucumerina subsp. anguina atau varietas T. cucumerina var. anguina memerlukan data pendukung.Anatomi daun dengan sayatan paradermal menunjukkan bahwa keduanya mempunyai bentuk stomata dan sel epidermis yang sama,tetapi berbeda hanya pada ukurannya. Stomata Trichosanthes anguina berukuran 15-17.5 x 10-12.5 urn dan sel epidermis 22.5-31.25 x 12.5-20 m, sedangkan Trichosanthes cucumerina mempunyai stomata 10-12.5 x 8.75-12.5 um dan epidermis sel 15-25 x 10-15 um. Data tersebut mendukung dalam menetapkan T.anguina sebagai T. cucumerina var.anguina.

PENAMPILAN GENOTIPE SOM JAWA {Talinumpaniculatum Jacq. (Gaertn.)} PADA GERERASI M2 Poerba, Yuyu Suryasari
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Javasom [Talinum paniculatum Jacq. (Gaertn.] is one of popular vegetable plants with potential medicinal properties.The plant root is often used as a substitute for ginseng (Panax ginseng L.), and the leaves are used as a vegetable and as a substitute for purslane (Portulaca olaraeae L.).An effort to improve genetic quality of the plant was made through induced mutation with ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS).A variety of EMS dosages (0, 0.3%, 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 1.5% and 1.8%) were applied to javasom seeds to induce mutation for 24 hours at room temperature. A population of the first and second generation after mutagen treatment (M, and M2,respectively) was established and observed at vegetative and generative stages. At M, generation, plant growth was suppressed and plant yield was decreased.Chimeras and chlorophyll mutation were observed in every EMS-treatment level, which was indicated that mutation was induced in the plant. Lethal-dosage (LD-50) of EMS was at 1.2%-1.5%. M, population were recovered and showed variation in all parameters observed. High genetic variation coefficients were found in most of plant characters observed.All parameters have a medium to high heritability, which indicated that all parameter observed were relatively easily inherited.However, all genotypes are subjected to be evaluated in the next generation in their performance stability.

REHABILITASI LAHAN TERDEGRADASI PASCA PENAMBANGAN TIMAH DI DABO, PULAU SINGKEP: PERTUMBUHAN DAN PENAMPILAN PADI GOGO Harahap, Robinson; Siagian, MH
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v7i3.1067

Exploitation of natural resources often brings unexpected effects on the enviroment. This is happened in well-known Indonesian mining area of tin i.e. in Singkep Island, Riau Province.The accumulation of tailing as a mining waste, degraded the soil quality both chemical and physical aspects.To restore the degraded (death) land post-mining, biological agents must be introduced, to restore the biological processes within the soil as close as possible to their original conditions pre-mining.Planting rice in post mining land is thought to be one of the step to biologically, restore the quality of post-mining soil. A study of the seven upland rice varieties was conducted at Dabo village, Singkep District, Riau, using Randomized Block Design (RBD), within the scheme of introducing biological agent to post-mining soil.The high varities of upland rice consisted Jatiluhur, Limboto, Maninjau, Ranau,TB154 E.TB-2, Way Rarem and as comparison was local Pacitan variety.The results indicated that the plant heigh appereance of the high varities of upland rice variety was better compared to the local Pacitan variety, but the amount of seedling per bush of the local Pacitan variety was more at 45 and 60 days after planting. The average of panicle length on the high varities of upland rice 2 was 73.34 cm which was longer then the comparing local Pacitan variety. Biomass weight and grains production per m on the high 2 varities of upland rice was heavier than comparing local Pacitan variety. The high production of grain per m were 520 and 510 grams on the TB154 E.TB-2 and Limboto varieties respectively.Among the high variety of upland rice there were high diversities 2on plant height, total seedling per bush, panicle length, biomass weight and grain production per m .There were assumed to be influenced by habitat and genetic factors.The high varities of upland rice were able to grow and produce well on the nutrient poor soil and at low soil pH (4.87).

PENGARUH FORMALIN DAN pH TERHADAP DAYA HIDUP SPERMATOZOA SAPI YANG DISIMPAN PADA SUHU RUANGAN MAUPUN 5Â°C Situmorang, Polmer; Triwulanningsih, E; Sugiarti, T; Kusumaningrum, DA; Sianturi, RG
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The study was conducted in Research Institute for Animal Production (RIAP)-Ciawi. Semen was collected from 3 bulls twice a week by artificial vagina (AV), diluted in Tris buffer (control) and containing of 0.0625% formalin, reducing pH to 5.5 or their combination to temporally inhibit the motility of sperm.Diluted semen were store at ambient temperature for 0, 3 and 24 hours or at 5Â°C for 0, 3 and 7 days.Reactivation of motility was performed by dilution of formalin and bring the pH to 7.0. In ambient temperature,formalin and pH significantly (p<0.01) inhibit the motility of sperm, but these inhibition was reversible. The percentage of motility was significantly higher(p<0.01) in formalin than in pH 5.5 or control, following 24 hours of storage periode. The inhibition effect of combination between formalin and pH was non permanent. It is show that the inhibition effect of treatments was permanent for semen stored at 5Â°C.

STUDI AWAL TERHADAP POTENSI GEWANG {Corypha utan Lamk.) SAVANA NTT SEBAGAI SUMBER PANGAN DAN MINUMAN BARU SERTABAHAN DASAR INDUSTRI ALKOHOL Naiola, B Paul
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

As a region under dry climate, East Nusa Tenggara relatively possesses limited tree species to be used as bioresources by local community for their daily needs.However, some native savanna plant species with great potential has been exploited since long time. So far, Gewang or Tune {Corypha utan Lamk.), a still-wild native palm species were exploited for traditional food, drink and rural industry.A preliminary study was done to assess the potential of this palm species as source for developing new food,and drink, and raw material for alcohol industry. The chemical content of its product (including starch and other derivates such as sugar and traditional alcoholic drink), are potentially promising for further source as new food, drink and alcohol industries. But overexploited action against Gewang, palem/ palm, Corypha utan Lamk., potensi/ potential, makanan dan minuman baru/ new food and drink, industri alkohol/ alcohol industry.this plant in its wild status, need further urgent steps to be developed in plots as a crop plant; whilen the future, these plots may be offered as assets for carbon emission (Kyoto Protocol) in global climate change through CDM(Clean Development Mechanism) programs.

PROSES AWAL PEMULIHAN HUTAN GAMBUT KELAMPANGAN-KALIMANTAN TENGAH PASCA KEBAKARAN HUTAN DESEMBER 1997 DAN SEPTEMBER 2002 Simbolon, Herwint
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Two 1-ha (100m by 100m) plots were established at a peat swamp forest of Kelampangan, Central Kalimantan on May 2002. One plot was established at a forest that has been started to regenerate after forest fire December 1997 (PK) and another one at the unburnt natural forest (HAG). Both plots were separated by artificial canal, about 300m away to southwest (HAG) wards and to northeast wards (PK) of the canal. All trees with stem girth at 130cm height of more than 15cm (or about 4.8 cm in diameter) within the plots were enumerated and measured in May 2002 and re-measured again in May 2003. HAG plot was consisted of 3074 tree individuals grouped into 80 species (Fishersa = 15.02) with total basal areas of 33.19 mTha, dominated by (top five in BA, from higher to lower): Callophyllum canum, Combretocarpus rotundatus, Campnosperma squamatum, Ctenolophon parvifolius and Cratoxylum glaucum. Species with higher number of individual were: C. canum (515 individuals), Cp. squamatum (355), Ct. parvifolius (350), Elaeocarpus petiolatus (183) and Cr. glaucum (125). PK plot consisted of 1158 individuals, 103 species (Fishersa = 27.3) and total basal areas were 7.43 mVha, dominated by: Co. rotundatus, Cratoxylum arborescens, Palaquium gutta, Shorea teysmaniana and Syzygium ochneocarpum. Species with higher number of individuals were C. arborescens (256 individuals), S. teysmaniana (104), Sy.ochneocarpum (50), Horsjieldia crassifolia (47) and Cp. squamatum (46). Based on its tree diameter and growth rate, most of the trees (1102 individuals) within PK plot were grown after forest fire December 1997, while the rest 56 trees with higher stem diameter were escaped from forest fire December 1997, mostly belong to: C. canum, Co. rotundatus, Dyera lowii, P. gutta. Based on the species number and total basal areas, the recovery rate of peat swamp forest at PK plot after first forest fire December 1997 were categorized as very high. In September 2002, PK plot was burnt again while HAG remain unburnt, and in May 2003, only 2 individuals of Dyera lowii were found to produce new leaves after escaped from the fire, one laid stem of Co.rotundatus produced new shoot and one standing dead tree of Cr. arborescens produced sprouts from the base of the stem. Growth rate relative,mortality rate and recruitment rate of trees at natural un-burnt forest of the HAG plot were also discussed.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN JUMLAH INOKULUM DAN DI-KALIUM HIDROGEN FOSFAT PADA FERMENTASI PRODUKSI DEKSTRAN Triantarti, Triantarti; M, Hendro Santoso
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 7, No 3 (2004)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Dextran production is conducted by fermentation by using Leuconostoc mesenteriodes wich produces dextransucrase enzyme.Sucrose is converted to dextran by dextransucrase. Sucrose is a main carbon source in dextran fermentation. Hence, sugar cane juice mainly contains sucrose is potential material for dextran fermentation. The effect of inoculum concentration added at the beginning of fermentation of di-potassium hydrogen phosphate concentration in the medium were studied. L.mesenteroides B-512F was used. The results showed that there were no effect on optimum growth and dextran production when the inoculum concentration added at 1% and 5%(w/v). The only difference was inoculum at 1% (w/v) delaying the growth and dextran formation in comparison to the addition of 5%(w/v) inoculum. The optimum growth and dextran production were affected by di-potassium hydrogen phosphate concentration in the medium (0,5, 1,0 and 1,5% w/v).The growth was highest at di-potassium hydrogen phosphate concentration 1,5 % w/v. On the otherhand, dextran production was lower compared to the other treatments.

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