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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 11 Documents

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Search results for , issue " Vol 8, No 5 (2007)" : 11 Documents clear

FERMENTASI KECAP DARI BEBERAPA JENIS KACANG-KACANGAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN RAGI MUTAN Aspergillus sp. K-1 DAN Aspergillus sp. K-1A Naiola, Elidar; Soeka, Yati Soedaryati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v8i5.1901

This study was focused on the selection of type of beans for kecap production. The mold fermentation or kecap koji making process was conducted in small scale at room temperature for 3 days and the brine fermentation for 2 weeks at room temperature.Product were analyzed for biochemical (total nitrogen, formol nitrogen, and total water soluble nitrogen) content. It was found that the final composision of kecap mash were mainly due to brain fermentation and by activities of strains showed varies effect to total nitrogen (TN), formol nitrogen (FN), and total water soluble nitrogen (WN).Kecap mash produced using kedelai, hiris and tolo inoculated with Aspergillus sp. K-1 containing formol nitrogen 0.58%, 0.65% and 0.57%, respectively.Meanwhile using Aspergillus sp. K-1A producing kecap mash with formol nitrogen were 0.75%, 0.75%, 0.65%, respectly. The ratio of WN to TN of the kecap mash from hiris and tolo were up to 50%, while the ratio of FN to TN varies, which was influenced by the koji used.Based on the chemical properties above, it can be recommended that hiris can be used for kecap production though requires extensive researches.

DISTRIBUSI VERTIKAL KUMBANG TINJA SCARABAEIDAE (COLEOPTERA: SCARABAEIDAE) DI HUTAN TROPIS BASAH PEGUNUNGAN TAMAN NASIONAL GEDE-PANGRANGO, JAWA BARAT Kahono, Sih; Kundarsetiadi, Lilik
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Vertical distributions of scarabaeids dung beetles (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) were studied in a tropical mountaineous rainforest of Gede-Pangrango National Park using human dung traps. Samples were collected at four different altitudes of 500-1000m, 1001-1500, 1501-2000 and 2001-2500m of five different collection sites (Cibodas, Selabintana, Situ Gunung, Bodogol, and Gunung Putri). As many as 1052 individuals of 28 species of scarabaeid dung beetles that belonging to five genera were collected.Onthophagus was the most diverse group, which consists of 21 species (75% of collected species) and followed by Copris with 3 species (10.7%), Paragymnopleurus with 2 species (7.1%), Catharsius with 1 species (3.6%), and Phacosoma with 1 species (3.6%). The Shanon-Winner index of diversity and evenness gradually declined with the increase of altitudes. The different of environment conditions on each altitude might affect to the diversity, abundance, and distribution of dung beetles. The diversity of dung beetles at the interval of 1001-1500m and 1501-2000m were not so high but abundance and similarity were high. Diversity index, evenness, abundance, and species similarity of dung beetles at the interval of 2001-2500m was low because of unfavorable habitat. Although the diversity of dung beetles at the interval 500-1000m was the highest, however abundance and similarity index were relatively low. Analyze of diversity, abundance, evenness, and similarity indexes of dung beetles on each of the different altitudes and environment conditions were discussed in this paper.

KEANEKARAGAMAN SUKU PANDANACEAE DI PEGUNUNGAN SEKITAR DESA SEDOA, KAWASAN TAMAN NASIONAL LORE LINDU KABUPATEN POSO-PROPINSI SULAWESI TENGAH Keim, Ary Prihardhyanto; Rustiami, Himmah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The diversity of the pandan flora from the Lore Lindu National Park has never been reported. Recent floristic study recognised 6 species belonging to Pandanaceae occur in the area. Freycinetia minahassae, F.celebica and Pandanus sarasinorum are the common species found in Sulawesi. Freycinetia oblanceolata and F. polystachya are new records.Freycinetia celebica is rediscovered. The endemic states of F.minahassae and P.sarasinorum are toppled. The extended distribution area of P. gladiator is recorded.

KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS Nepenthes (KANTONG SEMAR) DATARAN RENDAH DI KALIMANTAN TENGAH Mansur, Muhammad
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Diversity on the lowland pitcher plants (Nepenthes spp.) in Central Kalimantan were conducted between August 2005 and September 2006 at three locations study. That is: Barito Ulu, Sebangau and Kasongan district. Survey inventories were used to determine the diversity of Nepenthes at the study site. We found sixteen Nepenthes at study area, divided nine Nepenthes species; N. albomarginata, N. ampullaria, N. gracilis, N. hirsuta, N. mirabilis, N. rafflesiana, N. reinwardtiana, N. stenophylla, one unidentified Nepenthes species and seven natural hybrid; N. xhookeriana (N. rafflesiana x N. ampullaria), N. xtrichocarpa (N. gracilis x N. ampullaria), N. xneglecta (N. gracilis x N. mirabilis), N. mirabilis x ampullaria, N. mirabilis x rafflesiana, N. reinwardtiana x N. mirabilis and N. reinwardtiana x gracilis. Heath forest and peat swamp forest are generaly the habitat of lowland Nepenthes at Central Kalimantan.

KAJIAN ETNOTAKSONOMI Pandanus conoideus Lamarck UNTUK MENJEMBATANI PENGETAHUAN LOKAL DAN ILMIAH Walujo, Eko B; Keim, Ary P; S, Maria Justina
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Red pandan (Pandanus conoideus Lamarck) is an important plant for the people of the Arfak Mountain in the Province of Papua Barat (West Papua), Indonesia that include the tribes of Meyah, Sougb and Hatam. In total there are 10 morphological variations found, each with a local (vernacular) name.The local nomenclature used by the three tribes is in correspondence with the formal botanical nomenclature, but not identical. The result of the ethnotaxonomical study shows that the basic name equals to species name, while attribute refers to infraspecific classification.Attribute is suggested to be addressed to the category of variety in the formal (botanical) taxonomy rather than to subspecies.Ethnotaxonomy is proven to be a good alternative solution for the problems faced in the formal taxonomy.

PENGARUH MEDIA DASAR MS DAN N TERHADAP PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO 6 SOMATIK PADA KULTUR MERISTEM JAHE (Zingiber officinale Rosc.) Rostiana, Otih; Syahid, Sitti Fatimah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

This study was performed to evaluate the development of somatic embryo from embryogenic calli of ginger meristem culture. Completely randomized design was applied, replicated 4 times. Embryogenic calli from meristem tissue of inner shoot bud of rhizome obtained on MS medium containing 100 mg/L glutamine, 2% sucrose with the addition of 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 3.0 mg/L BA, were subjected to proliferation medium, MS and N basal media containing 3% mannitol. Then, transferred into somatic embryo maturation medium, either MS or N basal media supplemented with 6% sucrose. The number of somatic embryos-formed significantly affected by the proliferation medium applied. The highest number of somatic embryos (about 82.0 per 1 g friable calli) was achieved on the MS medium, 4 weeks after incubation. In addition, the optimum growth of embryogenic calli containing somatic embryos was obtained on MS and N medium supplemented with 6% sucrose. There were significantly difference between the media applied (MS and N ) to somatic embryos maturation. The highest number of mature somatic embryos (57.2 embrios) was achieved on the MS medium, 18 days after incubation.

PROSES NITRIFIKASI OLEH KULTUR MIKROBA PENITRIFIKASI N-Sw DAN ZEOLIT Agustiyani, Dwi; Imamuddin, Hartati; Gunawan, Edi; Darusman, Latifah K
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The addition of zeolite into the mix culture of nitrifying bacteria N-Sw was investigated in order to improve the nitrification activity. In this experiment, the ammonium conversion was investigated by zeolite as a sole agent and also mixed with nitrifying culture N-Sw.The mix culture of nitrifying bacteria N-Sw was developed from the sludge of wastewater treatment of palm oil industry, which acclimated by ammonium sulfate for about one year. The result show that the nitrification efficiency on the treatment using nitrifying culture N-Sw was 30.76%, the ammonium elimination rate was 7.46 mg N-NH /L/hour.The addition of 10 g/l zeolite, increase both the nitrification efficiency (64.58%), and the ammonium elimination rate (14.0 mg N-NH /L/hour).The nitrification efficiency increased to be 100% on the second and third day operation, and the ammonium elimination rate was increased to be 22.4â22.9 mg N-NH /L/hour. From this experiment indicated that the role of zeolite on the improving the nitrification activity was as an absorbent of ammonium.

GENETIC VARIABILITY AND HERITABILITY ESTIMATES OF QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN LOCAL MUNGBEAN (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek) VARIETIES [Keragaman Genetik dan Dugaan Heritabilitas Karakter Kuantitatif pada Varietas Lokal Kacang Hijau (Vigna radiata (L) Wilczek Hakim, Lukman
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Information of the variability and heritability of quantitative characters on local mungbean germplasm are important for supporting breeding program. A total of 98 local mungbean varieties or accessions were evaluated at Cikeumeuh Experimental Farm,Bogor, during wet season of 2005. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications. Each variety was planted in three rows of four meters long. Plant spacing was 40x20 cm, each hill contained two plants. The differences among the varieties were significant for all the characters studied, except for number of seeds per pod and pod length. High yielding varieties were recorded from Demak, Belu, Pati, and Jeneponto. These varieties had a combination of high number of pods per plant, large seed size and early maturity.Seeds weight per plant, pods per plant and seed size had high heritability and expected genetic advance.While the heritability and expected genetic advance for number of branches, pod length, and seeds per pod were all low. Plant height had a high genotypic variance associated with high heritability and high expected genetic advance. Similarly for days to flowering and days to maturity is genotypic in nature with high heritability coupled with a low expected genetic advance for days to flowering and moderate expected genetic advance for days to maturity. Pods per plant, seed size and seed weight per plant had a high genotypic variance associated with high heritability. The genetic advance of these characters predicted that the greatest gain for one generation of selection would be obtained by selection for pods per plant (45.07%), seed size (41.88%) and seed weight per plant (37.03%).

STUDI KERAGAMAN GENETIK PULAI [Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br.] BERDASARKAN MARKA RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA Poerba, Yuyu Suryasari
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br. is a popular timber and medicinal tree species in Indonesia.The species is valued for its quality light wood timber and for its medicinal properties.Information on its existing genetic potential is currently lacking. The present study was carried out to optimize PCR and to screen primers among accessions collected from different part of region in Indonesia using random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers in order to suggest appropriate primer and PCR conditions used in A.scholaris. Results showed that 26 primers generated 575 scorable bands of which 524 (92 %) were polymorphic.Ã Fourteen highly polymorphic primers (100% polymorphic) are recorded from 48 primer used, i.e.OPA-2, OPA-03, OPA-05, OPA-06, OPA-10,OPA-12, OPA-15, OPA-18, OPA-19, OPC-03, OPC-10, OPC-12, OPC-17, and OPN-14. Based on the RAPD markers, a dendrogram was constructed using the UPGMA method.The range of genetic distance was from 0.18-0.45.The molecular dara grouped the genotypes into three main clusters.

PERTUMBUHAN DAN PERKEMBANGAN TUNAS Typhonium SECARA IN VITRO Hoesen, Djadja Siti Hazar
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 8, No 5 (2007)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Study on shoots growth and development of Typhonium flagelliforme (Lodd.) Blume and T. trilobatum (L.) Schott were carried out by in vitro technique.These species produce tubers are used for cancer medication; also the whole parts of plants has been reported potential for traditional medicine. Chemicals isolated from from crude extract of whole plants of T.flagelliforme are methyl esters of hexedecanoic acid, octadecanoic acid, 9- octadecanoic acid and 9,12- octadecadienoic acid.The chemical contents inhibited/decreased the proliferation of human leukaemia cell lines in test.For medical and cosmetics industrial usage of the plants requires supply materials continously of which in turn necessitate its cultivation and planting. The planting materials can be produced efficiently by micro propagation or in vitro technique. The objective of the study was to evaluate the culture respond to the plant growth regulator (PGR) treatments effect. The experiment was designed with completely randomized designed (CRD).The study was indicated that proliferation of shoot were optimum in the growth medium was supplemented with N6-Benzyladenine (BA) 1mg/l and NAA 0,5 mg/l. Acclimatization stage and planted to the soil were successful, almost whole (90-95 %) plants were survive.

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