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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Search results for , issue "Vol 15, No 2 (2016)" : 24 Documents clear

PENGARUH LAMA PENYIMPANAN TERHADAP PERKECAMBAHAN BIJI SAMBILOTO (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wallich ex Nees) [Effect of Seed Storage Duration on Seed Germination of sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wallich ex Nees] Solikin, Solikin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Wallich ex Nees) belongs to family Acanthaceae is a potential medicinal plant that long traditional (jamu).This research aimed to determine the effect of storage duration on seed germination of sambiloto. The study was conducted in a glass house of Purwodadi Botanic Garden from May 2013 - May 2015. The experiment used completely randomized design with treatments of seed storage duration, namely: S0 = no stored ; S1 = stored for 5 months ; S2 = stored for 9 months ; S3 = stored for 12 months S4 = stored for 18 months and S5 = stored 24 months. The treatments was replicated five times with 100 seeds for each replication. The seeds were sowed on river sand medium sifted with 2 mm sieve mess at about 0.5 cm deep, in polybags (15x10 cm). The polybags were placed in a plastic box 38 x 28 x 13 cm and covered by transparent plastic and black paranet. Variables observed were time, percentage and rate of the seeds germination. The results showed that the seed storage duration had significant effect on the seed germination percentage and rate of sambiloto. The highest seed germination percentage and rate was reached on treatment of 18 months storage duration (S4) with value 91.40 % and 10.72 days respectively. The slowest early seed germination was reached on the treatment S0 (no stored) namely 28,40 days after sowing.Â

COOKING CHARACTERIZATION OF ARROWROOT (Maranta arundinaceae) NOODLE IN VARIOUS ARENGA STARCH SUBSTITUTION [Karakteristik Pemasakan Mie Garut (Maranta arundinaceae) Pada Variasi Subtitusi Pati Aren] Miftakhussolikhah, Miftakhussolikhah; Ariani, Dini; RNH, Ervika; Angwar, Mukhamad; Wardah, Wardah; Karlina, L Lola; Pranoto, Yudi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Arrowroot (Maranta arundinaceae) tuber has traditionally been used by Indonesian people as a source of carbohydrate in their food diet. It will be likely more preservable and flexible when the tuber is processed into flour as an alternative raw food material. Arrowroot flour should be mixed with other material that have high amylose content for making noodles, thus the noodles have good quality almost same as commercial product. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of arenga starch substitution on the arrowroot flour noodle qualities including appearance, cooking, textural and sensory properties. Noodle was made with five variation of arrowroot flour and arenga starch composition i.e. 0:100, 25:75, 50:50, 75:25, 100:0. Characterization of noodle qualities and hedonic test of noodle were analyzed. The results show that arrowroot flour substitution affects noodle qualities such as color, brittleness, cooking time, cooking loss, swelling index, expantion ratio, tensile strength, elongation and stickiness. Noodles that have characteristic nearest to commercial products and the most favored product by panelists was the mixture of arrowroot flour 25: arenga starch 75.

ANALISIS DELIMITASI JENIS PADA Monascus Spp. MENGGUNAKAN SIDIK JARI DNA ARBITRARY PRIMER PCR [Species Delimitation Analysis within Monascus spp. using Arbitrary Primer PCR DNA Fingerprinting] Suharna, Nandang; Julistiono, Heddy
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v15i2.2928

A species delimitation analysis within Monascus spp. using Arbitrary Primer Polymerase Chain Reaction (AP PCR) DNA fingerprint was carried out. This is one of the methods used for identification and discrimination of bacterial strains within the same species. Its advantages including using single primer, independent of DNA quality, and observing amplicon shared by only some strain. This study analyzed Monascus sp. MM isolate which was originated from a source contaning high level of ethanol and two M. purpureus isolates which isolated from angkak. However, based on ITS region, 99% homology showed the unclear species delimitation. Therefore, this analysis was aimed at clarifying on the identities of Monascus species tested. The result showed DNA polymorphism among three isolates of Monascus that showed species delimitation. This study showed that species delimitation within Monascus isolates used in this analysis could be supported by AP PCR DNA fingerprinting. Therefor we suggested to use this technique or method for phylogenetic study to clarify taxonomic position of Monascus strains.Â

KARAKTERISASI BAKTERI PENGHASIL a-AMILASE DAN IDENTIFIKASI ISOLAT C2 YANG DIISOLASI DARI TERASI CURAH SAMARINDA, KALMANTAN TIMUR [Characterization bacteria Producing a- amylase and Identification of Strains C2 Isolated from bulk shrimp-paste in Samarinda, East Kalimantan] Soeka, Yati Sodaryati
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Enzymes a-amylase is one of the enzymes used in process of starch degradation. This present study was aimed to characterize and identify of a-amylase producing strain isolated from bulk shrimp-paste in Samarinda, East Kalimantan was carried out. An experiment was conducted to examine influences of incubation, carbon source, substrate concentration temperature for incubation, pH of media, and addition of metal ions. Identification of strain C2 was carried out by using Wizard Genomic DNA Purification Kit (Promega). The result showed that optimum activity of a-amylase from C2 after six days incubation was 18.93 U/mL. Tests on the type of substrate , soluble starch was the best source to produce a- amylase (14.51 U/mL). However, at concentration of 2 % and incubation temperature at 40Â°C, enzymatic activity was decreased to 12.56 U/mL and 12.79 U/mL, respectively within residual activity of 74.75%. The enzyme activity was 16.43 U/mL and its residual activity was 39.14 % when it was assayed at pH 8.5. Addition of metal ions in the form of divalent and monovalent cations (1 mM) showed that the enzyme could be activated by ion Ca2+ while ion Cu2+, Co2+, Mg2+, Zn2+ , Na+ Â decrease the activity of the enzyme. Identification of strain C2 using molecular characterization demonstrated that partial sequences of 16S rDNA reffered to as Bacillus subtilis.

NILAI HETEROSIS DAN PERANAN INDUK PADA KARAKTER PERTUMBUHAN HASIL PERSILANGAN INTERSPESIFIK Tor soro DAN Tor douronensis [Growth Heterosis Values and The Role of Parent Tor soro and Tor douronensis in Interspesific Crossed] Radona, Deni; Subagja, Jojo; Kusmini, Irin Iriana; Gustiano, Rudhy
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Fish Tor is one of potential fish commodities to be developed because of their economic value. This on experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of male and female parent on morphological characters i.e length and weight growth and the value of heterosis from crosses of Tor soro and Tor douronensis. Crosses were performed in both directions (reciprocal) to form four populations. Observations lenght, weight gain, specific growth in length, specific growth in weight and value of heterosis were carried out for two months (January-March, 2014). The results showed an increase of Â length, weight, specific growth in weight, specific growth in length occurred in seed produced from parent male of T. soro and female of T. douronensis with values of 0.54 cm, 0.09 g, 0.65 % and 3.79 %, rescpectively. Crossed of ? T. douronensis x ? T. soro yield heterosis value (partial) of length (40.90%) and weight (116.66%) was higher than crossed of ? T. soro x ? T. douronensis Â that only have heterosis value of 0 and 33.33 %, and heterosis value (reciprocal) on the length of 20.45 % and the weight of 45.22 %.

SELEKSI JAMUR PATOGEN SERANGGA Beauveria spp. SERTA UJI PATOGENISITASNYA PADA SERANGGA INANG-WALANG (Leptocorisa acuta) [Selection of Enthomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria spp. and their Pathogenicity Test Against Insect Host-Rice Stink Bug (Leptocorisa acuta)] Wartono, Wartono; Nirmalasari, Cyntia; Suryadi, Yadi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Rice-stink bug (Leptocorisa acuta Thumb) that attack rice crop often causing heavy damage of panicle of rice as well as decreasing either quantity or quality of grain after harvest. The objective of this research was to select 14 entomopatogenic fungi of Beauveria spp. isolates, collected from rice stink bug (L. acuta) and their pathogenicity assay to insect host L. acuta. We also aimed to study diversity of Beuveria spp. which was isolated from insect host from Situgede, Bogor. The research was conducted at Laboratory, and Green house of Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Research and Development, Bogor, in 2014. Result of the study showed that isolates from Situgede Bogor were sucessfully isolated Â as Beauveria spp. based on Koch Postulat assay. Â The identified fourteen isolates were morphologically confirmed as Beauveria spp. The pathogenicity test was indicated by symptoms and mortality of rice stink bug after inoculation with these entomopathogenic fungi. The Beuveria isolates Stgd2(14)1, Stgd6(14)1, Stgd7(14)2, Stgd8(14)2, and Stgd0113 were the most virulent isolates. Stgd2(14)1 provided the fastest time to kill L. acuta with LT50 values of 6.9 days. The 13 isolates of Beauveria were well amplified by ITS primers. However, no diversity was found among isolates, presumably due its narrow host range tested.Â

PENURUNAN KADAR TANIN DAN ASAM FITAT PADA TEPUNG SORGUM MELALUI FERMENTASI Rhizopus oligosporus, Lactobacillus plantarum dan Saccharomyces cerevisiae [Reduction of Tannin and Phytic Acid on Sorghum Flour by using Fermentation of Rhizopus oligosporus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae] Setiarto, Raden Haryo Bimo; Widhyastuti, Nunuk
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Problems in using sorghum flour as food material was the presence of tannin and phytic acid that can reduce nutritition quality of sorghum flour. This study aimed to analyze the influence of Rhizopus oligosporus, Lactobacillus plantarum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation on the reduction levels of tannin and phytic acid in sorghum flour. Production of sorghum flour was done by four treatments in triplo i.e control (without fermentation), liquid fermentation (with L. plantarum and S. cerevisiae), solid fermentation (with R. oligosporus), mixture of solid and liquid fermentation (with R. oligosporus, L . plantarum and S. cerevisiae). Analysis levels of tannin and phytic acid in sorghum flour fermentation was performed by using spectrophotometry technique. The results showed that the fermentation process was able to reduce levels of tannin from 29.13 to 33.69% and phytic acid levels from 13.36% to 44.65% on sorghum flour. The highest reduction levels of tannin and phytic acid was produced in mixture of solid and liquid fermentation 33.69% and 44.65% respectively. Reduction levels of tannin and phytic acid can be caused of tannase and phytase enzyme which produced by the microbes during the fermentation processes. Â Â

RESPON GALUR/VARIETAS KAPAS (Gossypium hirsutum L.) TERHADAP PUPUK DOSIS N dan ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH PADA SISTEM TUMPANGSARI DENGAN JAGUNG [Responses of Cotton Lines/Variety (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to Dosage of Nitrogen Fertiliser and Plant Growth Regulator Under Intercropping with Maize] Kadarwati, Fitriningdyah Tri; Riajaya, Prima Diarini
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Cotton lines/varieties with high productivity require high availability of nutrients in the soil, especially nitrogen (N). To maximize the utilization and distribution of nutrients in the crops, plant growth regulator (PGR) is needed to optimize the cotton production. The research was aimed to estimate the suitable dose of N fertilizer and plant growth regulator suitable for the new cotton lines. The experiment was conducted in Mojomulyo village, Tambakromo District, Pati, Central Java, from May to October 2011. Â The research was arranged in a Split Plot Design with three replications. The main plots were three lines/varieties of cotton: 99022/1; 99023/5 and Kanesia 13. The subplots were sixdose Â of combination of N fertilizer with PGR namely (1) N 90 + mepiquat chloride; (2) N 90 + pachlobutrasol; (3) N 90 Â without PGR; (4) N 120 + mepiquat chloride; (5) N 120 + pachlobutrasol; and (6) N 120 Â without PGR. The results showed that under drought conditions, the use of PGR pachlobutrasol was better than mepiquat chloride. Pachlobutrasol has a higher impact on cotton production with high N fertilization (120 N/ha) resulting in 701.26 kg cotton/ha. When mepiquat chloride was added cotton production reached 665.37 kg/ha and 604.81 kg/ ha with no PGR. Production of cotton lines 99023/5 was 721.65 kg/ha higher that of Kanesia 13 (577,50 kg/ha).

EVALUASI AKTIVITAS ANTI-INFLAMASI DAN ANTIOKSIDAN SECARA IN-VITRO, KANDUNGAN FENOLAT DAN FLAVONOID TOTAL PADA TERMINALIA SPP. [Evaluation of In-vitro Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoic Contain on Terminalia spp.] Murningsih, Tri; Fathoni, Ahmad
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Terminalia is the second largest genus of Combretaceae family, consists of 200 species distributed in the tropics and subtropics. Many species of Terminalia are well kown in traditional medicine Â in several countries of Africa and Asia. In this study, bark extracts of four species of Terminalia (T. catappa, T. citrina, T. bellirica and T. macadamii) were evaluated for their in-vitro anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Determination of the anti-inflammatory activity was carried out using red blood cell membrane stabilization assay and the antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH free radical scavenging and ferric reducing power assay. Estimation of total phenolic Â content was carried out using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, while Â total flavonoid content using alumminium trichloride reagent. The results showed that extract of T. catappa has the most potent anti-inflammatory activity (IC50= 97,83Â±0,0100 ?g/mL) and the most powerful Â antioxidant activity of DPPH free radical scavenging (IC50= 21,8900 Â± 0,0264 ?g/mL) and ferric reducing power (IC50= 87,1533 Â± 0,04163 ?g/ mL). The weakest anti-inflammatory activity was T. citrina extract (IC50= 159,35Â±0,0200 ?g/mL), whereas T. bellirica extract demonstrated the weakest antioxidant activity of Â DPPH free radical scavenging (IC50= 44,4867 Â± 0,0153 ?g/mL) and ferric reducing Â power (IC50= 140,89Â±0,04 ?g/mL). The extract of T. citrina has the highest content of total phenolic (84,8167 Â± 0,53407 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (23,1200 Â± 1,7149 mg RE/g) while the T. macadamii extract has the lowest content of total phenolic (24,3700 Â± 0,0173 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (13,2667 Â± 0,3386 mg RE/g).

OPTIMASI PRODUKSI SERTA ANALISIS AKTIVITAS ANTIOKSIDAN DAN ANTIMIKROBA SENYAWA EKSOPOLISAKARIDA DARI JAMUR TIRAM PUTIH (Pleurotus ostreatus) PADA MEDIA CAIR [Optimization of Exopolysaccharide Production from Pleurotus ostreatus Growth on Liquid Medium and Analysis of Its Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity ] Saskiawan, Iwan; Munir, Misbahul; Achmadi, Suminar S
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 15, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Pleurotus ostreatus is well known as an oyster mushroom that is very popular because of its high nutritional value and pharmaceutical component. The aim of this research was to study the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of exopolysaccharides from P. ostreatus grown on liquid medium.The P. ostreatus was grown on Mushroom Complete Medium (MCM) containing various types of Carbon (C) and Nitrogen (N) sources, i.e glucose, lactose, amylose and sucrose as a Carbon sources and yeast extract, polypeptone, NH4Cl, and NH4NO3 as a Nitrogen sources. The results showed that sucrose and yeast extract were the best source of Carbon and Nitrogen that produced 208 and 100 mg/L of exopolysaccharides. Â The exopolysaccharide exhibited antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Escherichiacoli. However, it did not have antimicrobial activity against Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Â In addition, the exopolysaccharide indicated to have an antioxidant activity.

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