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Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social,
Computer Science & IT Energy Environmental Science
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 35 Documents
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THE RIGHT TO A GOOD AND HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT: Problems Of Implementation In Indonesia. Ahmad Romsan
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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Abstract

The integration of environmental rights into human rights in Indonesian Environmental Management Acts (EMAs) has taken 37 years after the 1972 Stockholm Declaration on Human Environment and 27 years after the Indonesian Government enacted the first EMA 1982. Although a lot of community environmental disputes have been brought before the District Courts during the period of the EMA1982 up to the EMA1997, the Courts’ decisions have dissatisfied the people. The nexus of constitutional rights, environmental rights and human rights in the realm of environmental human rights has remained uncertain since violation to environmental human rights cannot be brought before the Indonesian Human Rights Court as its jurisdictions only includes genocide and crimes against humanity. A crime against environmental rights is still excluded from the Human Rights Law No. 39 of 1999 as well as the Human Right Law No. 26 of 2000 on the Indonesia Human Rights Court. Hence, environmental human rights violation comes within the jurisdiction of the District Court. With all its strengths and weaknesses the District Court is the only recourse for community environmental disputes adjudication. In the interest of protecting people’s good and healthy environment, this paper suggests the establishment of a special environmental court under the General Court in Indonesia as a solution. Additionally, it also suggests the inclusion of a supplementary element to the crime against humanity in the Law No. 39 of 1999 on Human Rights and Law No. 26 of 2000 on Human Rights Court which is environmental rights violation.
Fermentation of Glycerol from Biodiesel Waste to 1,3-Propanediol by Klebsiella Pneumoniae Jekky Bahagia
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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Abstract

One of the oldest products of glycerol fermentation is 1,3-Propanediol. As a glycol, 1,3-propanediol can principally be utilized as a monomer for the synthesis of polyesters and polyurethanes. In this study, 1,3-Propanediol is produced by fermentation of glycerol which is the result of purification of crude glycerol from biodiesel plants. Crude glycerol and glycerol of purification analyzed the content of compound. Glycerol is fermented by klebsiella pneumoniae. Glycerol is fermented with the addition of varying the volume of inoculum was 5, 7, and 10 % (v/v), the fermentation time was 1, 2 and 3 days, and the fermentation temperature was 25 and 37 oC. The results of fermentation of glycerol was analyzed using gas chromatography with column DB 5 HT to obtain a purity of 1,3-Propanediol is generated based on retention time of the standard solution. Retention time of 1,3-Propanediol is 4.846 minute on gas chromatographic analysis. The purity of 1,3-Propanediol at 1, 2 and 3 days is 59.444; 60.7145; and 73.7002 %. The purity of 1,3-Propanediol the addition of bacterial volume 5, 7, and 10 % (v/v) is 63.5320; 72.9740; and 73.7002 %. The purity of 1,3-Propanediol at 25 and 37 oC is 62.4343 and 73.7002 %.
Spatial Analysis of Environmental Water Quality in Coal Stockpile Rusdianasari Bow
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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Abstract

The location of mining is away from the coastline, so the coal stockpiles is needed. Stockpile serves as a temporary dump before the coal is transported through waterways to be marketed locally or abroad. The existence of the stockpiles is could adversely affect the environmental quality regarding air, water, and soil. The monitoring and management of environmental impacts is intended to minimize the impact arising from the existence and operations of coal buildup. The presence of liquid waste that comes from coal stockpile can lower the degree of acidity (pH value) and increase total suspended solid content (TSS), iron (Fe) and manganese (Mn) which when processed will not adversely affect the surrounding environment. The study aimed at mapping the spatial distribution patterns of pollutants in coal stockpile in order to know the quality of environment due to the presence and activity of the coal stockpile. Given the spatial analysis of environmental pollution, the long-term negative impacts due to the presence and the activity of stockpile can be reduced and preventive action can be done. The research begins by determining the coordinates of point samples, water sampling and laboratory analyzes. The results of measurement and analysis in a laboratory are used to make maps of the spatial distribution patterns of environmental quality. Water quality in acid classified stockpile locations around 3.4 with Fe content of 2.34 ppm and Mn content of 1.77 ppm, as well as 406 ppm of total suspended solid.
Fermentation of Glycerol from Biodiesel Waste to 1,3-Propanediol Dewi Anggraini
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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Abstract

One of the most valuable products in chemical industry is 1,3-Propanediol (1,3-PD) because it has numerous applications for the production of polymers, cosmetics, foods, medicines, and lubricants. 1,3-PD production can be synthesized with chemical and fermentation method. Chemical method requires high pressure and temperature as well as catalysts are expensive. 1,3-PD production with fermentation method from crude glycerol as by-product of the biodiesel is promising, because it will increase the economic value of the crude glycerol beside the process is less expensive and eco friendly. In this study, crude glycerol was used as a raw material and Enterobacter aerogenes as inoculum in the fermentation process. First crude glycerol was purified using H3PO4 into pH 2 and then neutralized with NaOH. It was continued with bleaching process using activated carbon and water evaporation to obtained glycerol with high purity. Various fermentation process variables such fermentation time, temperature of fermentation, and amount of inoculum were studied. Crude glycerol, purified glycerol, and fermentation results were analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC) to obtained the purity. Glycerol from purification result had achieved commercial glycerol standard. The best fermentation result was obtained at 1 day of fermentation with purity of 1,3-PD was 46.0685% ; temperature of 25 oC with purity of 1,3-PD was 51.2461% ; and 7% volume of inoculum with purity of 1,3-PD was 31.5919%.
Characerization of Geochemical Waste Rock on Indicate and Mitigation Acid Mine Drainage at Coal Mining Bukit Asam Aida Syarif
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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Abstract

Acid mine drainage (AMD is a term generally used to describe infiltration of acid surface water in the mining areas. The study of the processs for formation acidmine drainage can be approached by two methods, the static and kinetic test. In the static test, that formed acidare determined by total sulphur content with an assumption that all sulphur contented in the stones are oxidized. While in the kinetic test, the acid are determined from is reaction stoichiometrically by using total both ion Fe2+ and H+, solved in the water as data in calculation. Kinetis test methods can be applicated with leached column test. Kinetic analysis of the test results on 5 samples of coal mine waste rock, it can be said that each of the rock samples as potentially acid forming rock it can be stated from the results of the analysis on pH value, content of Fe metal, ion sulfate and TSS of leachate obtained.
Adsorption Studies of Methylene Blue and Methylene Red on Activated Carbon Derived from Agricultural waste: Rubber (Havea brasiliensis) Seed Powder Eko Ariyanto
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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Abstract

Activated carbon prepared from rubber (Havea brasiliensis) seeds was used to remove methylene blue and methyl red from aqueous solutions. Adsorption studies were conducted to evaluate the effect of contact time and amount of carbon active on the removal of methylene blue and methyl red at temperature of 25oC. The equilibrium adsorption data of methylene blue and methyl red on activated carbon were analyzed by Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm model. The absorption kinetic models were predicted by pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was the best fitting equilibrium adsorption data. The results of adsorption methylene blue and methyl red on aqueous solutions shown that rubber seeds as carbon active can be used as material for adsorption.
The Analysis of The Effect of Deposition Time on TSS Content Level Neny Rochyani
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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The experimental results obtained in laboratory conditions where the pH optimum was 7.3 at the best ratio of lime dose of 0.8 g / l to 50 minutes operating time. With the optimum conditions, subsequently measured the effectiveness of the deposition time on the water content of TSS and further improve the performance of lime in the water pH. From the test results and the measurements can be seen that the longer the settling time, the lower the TSS with the condition is the most influential on the fourth day. The measurement of the performance of lime in raising the pH of the mine water under conditions was known to remain effective in improving the conditions of pH. The most influential on the first day and the fourth day in which the pH of the mine water was on environmental quality standards.
Application of Activated Carbon and Natural Zeolite for Phosphate Removal from Laundry Wastewater Tuty Emilia Agustina
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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Abstract

The number of laundry industry has been increasing rapidly which influences the amount of detergent usage in the washing process. Generally the laundry industries dump their wastewater directly to environment without any treatment. Phosphate contained in detergent shall accumulate in the environment then finally would cause eutrofication where the water body becomes rich of dissolved nutrient which effects the dissolved oxygen contained in water body. One of wastewater treatment methods is adsorption. Two different kinds of adsorbents were applied in this investigation namely activated carbon and natural zeolite. Synthetic laundry wastewater was used in order to control the phosphate concentration. The objective of this experiment was to study the removal of phosphate concentration of each adsorbent filled in adsorption column by using circulation method. The column has 1 inch of diameter, 50 cm of height, and 50 ml/minute of flowrate. The concentration of phosphate was varied between 2-8 mg/l whereas the adsorbent height in the column was varied between the ranges of 10-40 cm. The size of both adsorbents was 10 mesh. It was found that the natural zeolite was superior to remove the phosphate compared to activated carbon. The highest phosphate removal of 90% was obtained by using 40 cm of natural zeolite height in the adsorption column when make use the phosphate concentration of 2 mg/l.
Conversion of Waste Oil into Fuel Oil : Tri Kurnia Dewi
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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Abstract

Research has been conducted to convert waste lubrication oil into fuel oil. This work is the second part of a bigger work entittled “Conversion of Waste Oil into Fuel Oil”. The first part dealing with the production of catalyst and the effect of temperature, whilst this part studying the effect of catalyst ratio. This work was done with procedure similar with the first part of the work. Convertion of waste lubrication oil into fuel oil was done using hydrocracking process with catalyst of combination of chromium and activated natural zeolith (Cr/ZAA). Controlled variables used for this researh were the type of waste oil (lubrication oil), feed volume (40 ml), temperature (500°C), and hydrogen gas rate (20 ml/sec). The weight ratio of the catalyst and waste oil feed was varied at 1/8, 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, and 2/3. The parameters used to analyse the results were the amount of hydrocracking product, percentage of cracking fraction (gasoline, kerosene and solar) in the product and the heating value of the product. Analytic works were carried out with GC for cracking fraction and bomb calorimeter for heating value of the produced fuel oil. Results showed that the amount of hydrocracking product decreases with the increase of catalyst ratio. Increasing catalyst ratio increases gasoline fraction lineary, decreases kerosene and solar fractions. The heating value of the product lineary increases with catalyst ratio. Best catalyst ratio for this work was 1/8 to get maximum amount of product (13.16 ml for 40 ml feed), and 2/3 to get maximum gasoline fraction (56.70%), and highest heating value (44.92 kJ/gr).
Study of Physical Properties of Rocks and Acid Mine Drainage Potential at Banko Barat Tanjung Enim Siti Sailah
Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology Vol 1, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Sriwijaya International Seminar on Energy-Environmental Science and Technology

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Abstract

One of the factors that generate acid mine drainage (AMD) is the presence of sulphide minerals in rocks because sulphide minerals will have oxidation with oxigen and water to generate AMD. Learning sulphide minerals in rocks can not be separated from the rocks themselves. Present paper is an attempt to study how the physical properties of rocks are and their influences in generating acid mine drainage. At Banko barat, especially at PIT 3 timur, the lithology of rocks is complex. It is assumed that the complexity of rocks will influence the complexity of formation of acid mine drainage. Thus by knowing the characteristics of each rock it is expected to be useful in identification of which rocks require special attention in the mine planning process.

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