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CHANGES OF WEED COMMUNITIES IN SECONDARY SUCCESSION ON RICE FIELD AREA WITH DIFFERENT WATER PUDDLE Purnomo, Harsoyo
BIOMA Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
Publisher : BIOMA

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The composition of weed communities in rice fields is always changing from time to time, or having a secondary succession. What is the pattern of change, and what factors affecting it needs to study as the cornerstone of efforts to eliminate or mini-mize the competition between weeds and crops through to appropriate controls. The study aims to determine the pattern of changes in weed community compositi- on, the factors that affecting and determine the right moment for its control. Research done in the area Mijen, Semarang. Three each plot measuring 100 m2 each chosen selectively according to the level of water puddle, namely the wet rice field (irrigated rice fields), dry rice field (rainfed rice field), and moderate rice field (me-sic). Into each plot was placed 15 permanent circular quadrat frames with the size of one square meter randomly. Observations carried out every two weeks once, by calculating the density species. Data were analyzed and interpretation with Shannon -Wiener diversity index, and PIE (Probability of Interspecific Encounter). The results showed the general community of progressive change, and is rhythmic. In the wet plot there are 20 species of weeds, the mesic plot is 29 species, and dry plot 38 species. Diversity index and the highest PIE being found on the plot mesic. At week 4, the emergence of weeds in wet plots reached 90.69%, the moderate plotÂ (mesic) 68.77%, and the dry plot 58.40% of the total individual. The conclusion is, changes in weed communities affected by the level of water pud-dle. Higher levels of the water puddle, the fewer the number of its kind, and the faster the rate of emergence. Continuous inundation can prevent the emergence of some weed species. Most appropriate for the control (weeding) weed is between weeks 4 and weeks 6 after transplanting. Key words: rice field area, secondary succession, weed communities, water puddles, diversity.

PENGEMBANGAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN BERPERSPEKTIF KEWIRAUSAHAAN Prasetiyo, Endah Rita S.D. Sumarno
BIOMA Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
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Endah Rita Sulistya Dewi, Sumarno, dan PrasetiyoJurusan Pendidikan BiologiIKIP PGRI SemarangDEVELOPMENT LEARNING MODEL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP PERSPECTIVEABSTRACTGraduates High School (SMA) not all go on to college. The government policy to convert a High School (SMA) become Vocational High School (SMK) with a ratio 30 : 70 for produce human resources (HR) are ready to work, limited support in reducing the number of unemployed. One cause of unemployment is the only edu-cational system that produces a force of technical skill.The purpose of this study was to develop a model of learning and teaching materials entrepreneurial perspective.The experiment was conducted in Semarang in SMA 9 academic year 2010 / 2011 Research subjects were students SMA 9 semester one class X, which is selected by cluster random sampling technique. This type of study is a research and develop-ment (R&D). Testing a model that was developed using a one group pretest-posttest design.The results showed: (1) the validity of the model = 3.7 and teaching materials = 3, (2) effectiveness, which is a change in students entrepreneurship interests acquired several indicators of students entrepreneur interests include the willingness to achi-eve the goals and needs of life, belief in own strength, physical and mental endu-rance, perseverance and tenacity to work and strive, creative and constructive think-ing, and dare to take risks. Indicators of fairness, and responsibility and oriented to the future has not experienced an increase.The conclusion is, learning model of entrepreneurship perspective is valid, and te-aching materials are developed sufficiently valid and effective for use in the lear-ning process.Key words: learning models, teaching materials, entrepreneurshipABSTRAKLulusan Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) tidak semuanya melanjutkan ke perguruan tinggi. Kebijakan pemerintah untuk mengkonversi SMA menjadi SMK dengan ratio 30 : 70 untuk menghasilkan sumber daya manusia (SDM) yang siap kerja, kurang menunjang dalam menurunkan jumlah pengangguran. Salah satu penyebab peng-angguran adalah sistem pendidikan yang hanya menghasilkan tenaga teknikal skill.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengembangkan model pembelajaran dan bahan ajar berperspektif kewirausahaan.Penelitian dilaksanakan di SMA 9 Semarang pada tahun ajaran 2010/ 2011. Subjekpenelitian adalah siswa SMA 9 kelas X semester I, yang dipilih dengan teknik sam-pling acak kelompok. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan (R&D). Pengujian model yang dikembangkan menggunakan one group pretest-posttest design.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (1) validitas model = 3.7 dan bahan ajar = 3; (2) keefektifan, yang merupakan perubahan minat wira usaha siswa diperoleh beberapa indikator minat wirausaha siswa di antaranya adalah kemauan keras untuk mencapai tujuan dan kebutuhan hidup, keyakinan atas kekuatan sendiri, ketahanan fisik dan mental, ketekunan dan keuletan bekerja dan berusaha, pemikiran yang kreatif dan konstruktif, serta berani mengambil risiko. Indikator sikap jujur dan tanggung jawab serta berorientasi ke masa depan belum mengalami peningkatan.Kesimpulannya ialah, model pembelajaran berperspektif kewirausahaan adalah valid, dan bahan ajar yang dikembangkan cukup valid dan efektif untuk digunakan dalam proses pembelajaran.Kata-kata kunci: model pembelajaran, bahan ajar, kewirausahaan

PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PRAKTIKUM PADA KONSEP INVERTEBRATA UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN SIKAP ILMIAH SISWA Hayat, Muhammad Syaipul
BIOMA Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
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PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS PRAKTIKUM PADA KONSEPINVERTEBRATA UNTUK PENGEMBANGAN SIKAP ILMIAH SISWA Muhammad Syaipul HayatProgram Studi Pendidikan Biologi IKIP PGRI Semarang Sri Anggraeni dan Sri RedjekiProgram studi Pendidikan IPA Sekolah Pascasarjana UPI e-mail: fullsmile_84@yahoo.com PRACTICUM BASED LEARNING ON INVERTEBRATE CONCEPT TO STUDENTS SCIENTIFIC ATTITUDE DEVELOPMENT ABSTRACT This study aims to develop students scientific attitude, and to identify responses ofteachers and students in practicum based learning on the concept of Invertebrates. Research using the method of quasi experiment with the static group pretest-posttestdesign involving 64 high school students the second semester of class X, whichconsists of 32 students grade class experiment, and 32 students on the control of onhigh school in the Cimahi city of Bandung. Practicum based learning is to orient andtrain students to formulate problems, conduct investigations, solve problems andreflect the results of the investigation. Research data captured by using a test instrumentshapedscientificattitudelikert scale, students questionnaire responses, observationsheets,andinterviews.The results showed that the scientific attitude of students who use practicum basedlearning differ significantly with students who learn in the conventional. These resultsare evidenced by the N-gain students scientific attitude control class of 0.13while the N-gain experimental class scientific attitude is better than the control class,which is 0.33. Based on questionnaire responses of students concluded that studentsliked the practicum based learning, because it can facilitateÂ in understanding thesubject matter, invites students to actively and build cooperation among students.The results of the observation sheet analysis showed activity and positive studentattitudes toward lab activities. Interviews with teachers also showed positive responsestopracticumbasedlearning.The conclusion is practicum based learning had a positive impact in developingscientific attitude students.Keywords:Â learning, practicum, scientific attitude, students, invertebrate ABSTRAK Salah satu masalah yang dihadapi dunia pendidikan kita adalah masih lemahnyaproses pembelajaran, siswa kurang didorong untuk mengembangkan kemampuanberpikir. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan sikap ilmiah siswa, sertamengidentifikasi tanggapan guru dan siswa dalam pembelajaran berbasis praktikumpada konsep invertebrata.Penelitian menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain quasi eksperimen thestatic group pretest-posttest design yang melibatkan 64 siswa SMA kelas X semesterII, yang terdiri atas 32 siswa kelas eksperimen dan 32 siswa kelas kontrol pada salahsatu SMA swasta di kota Cimahi Bandung. Â Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sikap ilmiah siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaranberbasis praktikum berbeda secara signifikan dengan siswa yang belajarsecara konvensional. Hasil tersebut dibuktikan dengan N-gain sikap ilmiah siswakelas kontrol 0,13 sedangkan N-gain sikap ilmiah siswa kelas eksperimen lebih baikdaripada kelas kontrol, yaitu 0,33. Â Kesimpulannya ialah, pembelajaran berbasis praktikum berdampak positif dalammengembangkan sikap ilmiah siswa.Kata-kata kunci: pembelajaran, praktikum, sikap ilmiah, siswa, invertebrata

MODEL OF AGROECOSYSTEM IN JEMBER REGENCY Sumiasri, Nurul
BIOMA Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
Publisher : BIOMA

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The objective of this study to know several models of agro-ecosystems in Jember regency.Study about model of Agro-ecosystem of Jember regency was carried out at seven districts in Jember regency i.e Ambulu, Gumukmas, Tempurejo, Bangsalsari, Jeng-gawah, Rambipuji and Puger during January to February 2011. The method of this study was survey to 10 respondents (head families), the respondents were taken by sampling in each district. The primary data were collected with direct observation and interview with respondents (KK), while the secondary data, collected with study literature and internet orientation. Data analyzed with D & D method.The results showed that there were six (6) models of agro-ecosystem which can be found in Jember regency i.e irrigation rice field, dry area, home gardens, fish pond, coastal pond and plantation.Key words: Agroecosystem, model, Jember regency

TRANSPORTATION ACTIVITIES ON CONTENT IMPACT LEAD (Pb) IN AMBIENT AIR IN SEMARANG CITY Sunoko, Hemma Rya; Hadiyarto, Agus; Santoso, Budi
BIOMA Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
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The activity of one affects the transport of air pollution, the exhaust emissions of lead (Pb) is a heavy metal that is a toxin that affects the environment and human health and cumulative.Objective of this study aims to assess the levels of lead (Pb) in the air in the city of Semarang in various locations that have high traffic density and control / control levels of lead (Pb) of air at various street locations that have a level of high density of vehicular traffic so as not to endanger.The study was conducted by taking samples at the time of dense traffic of working days and still in the dry season. Samples were taken at 4 (four) dense traffic locations and 1 (one) location that is not dense traffic, then the analytical laboratory, where the method of sampling the field with gravimetry and spectrophotometric analysis.Based on the results of the research content of lead (Pb) highest at the intersection Bangkong Î¼g/Nm3 of 2.41 and lowest 0.86 in Akpol complex Î¼g/Nm3, by looking at the data there is a tendency increasingly dense traffic density of vehicles using gasoline fuel Pb levels in the air also increases. Based research on the highest levels of lead (Pb) in the air ambeint is in the intersection Bangkong at 2, 41 mg / Nm Â³, this suggests by density of vehicle traffic at the site is also the highest and the effort air pollution control specifically heavy metals lead(Pb) in Semarang need con-tinuous or periodic monitoring of the magnitude of Pb levels in the air, and action modes of transportation system improvements in Semarang.Keywords: Lead (Pb), air pollution.

INFLUENCE GIVING OF EXTRACT FRUIT MENGKUDU TO HISTOPATOLOGI TESTIS WHITE MOUSE FOLLOWING AN INHALATION CIGARETTE SMOKE S. D., Endah Rita
BIOMA Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
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This Research to know influence giving of extract fruit Mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) to histopatologi of white mouse (Rattus norvegicus) testis following an inhalation cigarette smoke and to know how much is giving of extract fruit of Mengkudu more having an effect on in an optimal fashion for the minimization of to damage of testicle seminiferus tubulus white mouse given by wistar galur cigarette smoke treatmen.Eksperiment design in this research use completely random design (RAL) by four treatment that is (A) mouse + cigarette smoke + 0 ml / fruit extract day of Mengkudu as control; (B) mouse + cigarette smoke + 0,9 ml / fruit extract day of Mengkudu; ( C) mouse + cigarette smoke + 1,8 ml / fruit extract day of Mengkudu; (D). mouse + cigarette smoke + 2,7 ml / fruit extract day of Mengkudu, by four replication. Para-meter the measured white mouse testis seminiferus tubulus histopatologi. Research executed by UNNES in January 2011 until March 2011.Result of research indicate that treatment of fruit extract of mengkudu give influence which signifikan ( p< 0,05) to white mouse testis seminiferus tubulus histopatologi of wistar galur. Usage of fruit extract of Mengkudu dose 1,8 ml / day optimal dose in minimization damage of white mouse testis seminiferus tubulus, following an inhalation cigarette smoke.From result of the research can be concluded that usage of fruit extract of Meng-kudu can minimization damage of white mouse testis seminiferus tubulus given by cigarette smoke treatmen. But antioksidan with excessive dose can turn into pro-oksidan so that earn damage watering down effect of free radical.Keywords : fruit extract of mengkudu, testis, histopatologi, cigarette smoke

TONIC IMMOBILITY TECHNIQUE AS INDICATORS OF STRESS ON CHICKEN IN THE MAINTENANCE OF INTENSIVE WITH INTERMITTENT LIGHTING Sulistyoningsih, Mei
BIOMA Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
Publisher : BIOMA

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Lighting is an important part of poultry production. Lighting is a powerful exogen-ous factor in controlling many physiological and behavioral processes. Lighting is the most critical factor of all the environmental factors for poultry. The research aims to (1) assess the influence of intermittent lighting in intensive maintenance chickens on chicken that has been commonly maintained by to let loose (removed), (2) examine how to overcome the possibility of stress that arise in chic-kens which are usually removed, then maintained in a way grounded. The study design used was completely randomized design (CRD) in time, with three treatments are: C1 = illumination 1L: 3D: C2 = lighting 2L: 2D; and C3 = lighting 12L: 0D. Each treatment was repeated four times. The parameters studied were body weight, technique tonic immobility, and mortality. Data were analyzed and interpret- ted by analysis of variance. The results are, the imposition of intermittent lighting on the maintenance of inten-sive chicken on a scale of households, providing a positive and beneficial influence on the production aspect of weight loss and mortality. Intermittent lighting will mi-nimize the risk of stress in chickens as seen on tonic immobility technical para-meters of this study. The best performance results seen in treatment C1 (1L: 3D), the treatment of intermittent one-hour light, and 3 hours of darkness each day, from 18:00 until 06:00 hours for 10 weeks, starting the second week of the study. The conclusion is intermittent lighting treatment in the intensive maintenance chic-kens on chicken that has been commonly maintained by to let loose positive effect that can increase body weight, reduce mortality and minimize the risk of stress.Keywords: Chicken, intermittent lighting, tonic immobility

WET WEIGHT AND NUMBER OF THE ELEPHANT GRASS TILLER ARE PLANTED WITH SOYBEAN INTERCROPPED Suharno, Ben; Puspitaningrum, Dewi
BIOMA Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
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This study aims to investigate: the influence of the number of participants crop (soy-bean), the influence of Rhizobium sp dosage, interactions influence the number of participants crop (soybean) and Rhizobium sp dose to the total wet weight and num-ber of tiller Pennisetum purpureum, the planting of grass-soybean intercropping Rhi-zobium sp inoculation. The research method uses randomized full factorial (factorial RCBD) with 2 factors and 3 replications. Parameters to be measured is the total wet weight and number of tiller Pennisetum purpureum. The data obtained were analyzed by analysis of vari-ance, followed by Duncan multiple range test and multiple linear regression ana-lysis. The results showed that treatment of soybean plants participant, dose Rhizobium sp, and participant interaction with defoliation of soybean Rhizobium doses of 1 and 2 did not significantly affect the total wet weight and number of tiller Pennisetum pur-pureum. However, in the second defoliation, Rhizobium dose significantly influence the total wet weight of Pennisetum purpureum. The conclusion is, cropping the grass-soybean intercropping with inoculation of Rhi-zobium sp can not be used to increase the total wet weight and number of grass tiller.Key words: Pennisetum purpureum, wet weight, tiller, Rhizobium sp, soybeans.

MEANINGFUL LEARNING WITH SETS APPROACH IN BIOLOGY LESSON FOR GROWING CONCERN ON THE ENVIRONMENT Setyo, Ajib
BIOMA Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
Publisher : BIOMA

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This study aims to develop meaningful learning with SETS approach in photosyn-thetic material to enchance the activity of learning and growing concern for the envi-ronment as well as find out the validity, reliability and effectiveness of the device developed. Research carried out is the research and development. Research subjects were 48 students of SMAN 2 Mranggen, and 84 students of SMAN 1 Demak, each chosen cluster randomly from the entire class of parallel groups that exist. The results of the development of devices have been validated by experts and with the validation of construct values 3.4; syllabus 3.57; of teaching materials and stu-dent worksheets are 3.125; RPP 3.0; and evaluation of learning of 3.125 with either category. Achievement learning activities in the experimental class discussion jig saw 8 percent, 93 percent independent practicum and presentation assessment pho-tosynthetic material SETS 77 percent. Learning is done to foster concern for the envi-ronment by 61.90 percent (very high) and 38.10 percent (high) of 42 students. Me-aningful learning can achieve a classical completeness by 100 percent and improve student learning outcomes for the N-gain of 0.72. Criterion scores showed signifi- cant learning device usage 81 percent, and 90 percent of student responses, the res-ponses of teachers expressed a very meaningful learning tools to create meaningful learning as well. The conclusion of this study is, the learning material with SETS approach on photo-synthesis developed, categorized as very meaningful to enhance the activity of lear-ning and growing concern for the environment.Keywords: learning meaningful, SETS, photosynthesis, activity, environment

MODEL OF AGROECOSYSTEM IN JEMBER REGENCY Nurul Sumiasri
Bioma : Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Vol 1, No 2, Oktober (2011): Bioma
Publisher : Universitas PGRI Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26877/bioma.v1i2, Oktober.411

The objective of this study to know several models of agro-ecosystems in Jember regency.Study about model of Agro-ecosystem of Jember regency was carried out at seven districts in Jember regency i.e Ambulu, Gumukmas, Tempurejo, Bangsalsari, Jeng-gawah, Rambipuji and Puger during January to February 2011. The method of this study was survey to 10 respondents (head families), the respondents were taken by sampling in each district. The primary data were collected with direct observation and interview with respondents (KK), while the secondary data, collected with study literature and internet orientation. Data analyzed with D & D method.The results showed that there were six (6) models of agro-ecosystem which can be found in Jember regency i.e irrigation rice field, dry area, home gardens, fish pond, coastal pond and plantation.Key words: Agroecosystem, model, Jember regency

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