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INDONESIA
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science
Published by Universitas Negeri Semarang
ISSN : 22526951     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 830 Documents
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Peningkatan Kadar Etanol dalam Ciu dengan Metode Distilasi Adsorptif Menggunakan Zeolit Alam Rahayu, Anita; Sulistyaningsih, Triastuti; Jumaeri, Jumaeri
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.28727

Abstract

Abstrak Kebutuhan bahan bakar minyak di Indonesia, khususnya premium semakin meningkat, sedangkan ketersediaannya di alam semakin sedikit. Oleh karena itu, perlu dicari alternatif bahan bakar yang dapat diperbaharui, seperti Etanol. Etanol dengan kadar >96,5% v/v dapat digunakan sebagai campuran bahan bakar. Etanol dengan kadar >96,5% dapat dicapai dengan menggunakan metode distilasi adsorptif. Pada penelitian ini pemurnian etanol dilakukan menggukana dua cara yaitu distilasi sederhana dan distilasi adsorptif. Kadar awal sampel CIU A, CIU B dan CIU C berturut-turut adalah 9,92%, 44,60% dan 47,31% dengan menggunakan metode distilasi sederhana kadar etanol dapat meningkat menjadi 29,37%, 86,96% dan 90,81%. Meskipun metode distilasi sederhana dapat meningkatkan kadar etanol secara signifikan namun tidak dapat melampaui titik azeotropnya sehingga perlu adanya metode lain yaitu distilasi adsorptif dengan adsorben zeolit alam yang sudah teraktivasi. Dengan menggunakan metode distilasi adsorptif diperoleh kadar etanol tertinggi CIU A, CIU B dan CIU C berturut-turut sebesar 33,20%, 98,28% dan 99,22%. Kadar etanol tertinggi diperoleh saat pengambilan distilat ke-3 yaitu pada waktu 45 menit distilasi. Abstract The need for fuel oil in Indonesia, especially premium, is increasing, while its availability in nature is getting smaller. Therefore, it is necessary to look for alternative renewable fuels, such as Ethanol. Ethanol with a level of> 96.5% v / v can be used as a mixture of fuel. Ethanol with a concentration of> 96.5% can be achieved using the adsorptive distillation method. In this study, ethanol purification was carried out using two methods, simple distillation and adsorptive distillation. Initial levels of CIU A, CIU B and CIU C samples were 9.92%, 44.60% and 47.31% respectively using a simple distillation method. Ethanol levels could increase to 29.37%, 86.96% and 98.81%. Although a simple distillation method can significantly increase ethanol levels but cannot exceed its azeotropic point, it is necessary to have another method, namely adsorptive distillation with activated zeolite natural adsorbent. By using the adsorptive distillation method, the highest ethanol levels of CIU A, CIU B and CIU C were 33.20%, 98.28% and 99.22% respectively. The highest ethanol content was obtained when the third distillate was taken at 45 minutes distillation.
Sintesis Zeolit dari Kaolin sebagai Carrier Amoksisilin Wardani, Deta Sri; Mahatmanti, F. Widhi; Jumaeri, Jumaeri
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.28728

Abstract

Abstrak Pada penelitian ini dilakukan sintesis zeolit dari kaolin dan kemampuannya sebagai carrier amoksisilin. Proses sintesis zeolit diawali dengan kalsinasi kaolin menjadi metakaolin, kemudian ditambahkan larutan NaOH 3,0 M dan diaduk selama 2 jam. Proses pembentukan kristal zeolit menggunakan metode hidrotermal pada suhu 100ºC selama 8 jam. Zeolit hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan instrumen FTIR, XRD, dan SAA. Zeolit sintetis digunakan sebagai carrier obat amoksisilin dengan parameter adsorpsi dan desorpsi. Hasil karakterisasi zeolit hasil sintesis dilihat dari gugus fungsi dan pola difraksi menunjukkan kemiripan dengan zeolit A. Diameter pori zeolit sintetis sebesar 7,44 Å dan luas permukaannya adalah 3,456 m2/g. Kondisi optimum zeolit hasil sintesis dalam mengadsorpsi amoksisilin terjadi pada pH 5 dan waktu kontak selama 75 menit, dan kapasitas adsorpsinya sebesar 5,356 mg/g atau 80,334%. Sedangkan untuk amoksisilin yang terlepas dari zeolit sebesar1,561 mg/g atau 29,144%. Abstract This research is to know the of zeolite synthesis based kaolin ability as drug carrier amoxicillin. The synthesis process of zeolite begin with calcination of kaolin to methakaolin, then added 3.0 M NaOH solution and stirred for 2 hours. Followed by the process of making zeolite crystals using hydrothermal method at temperature 100oC for 8 hours. Synthetic zeolites was characterized using FTIR, XRD, and SAA instruments. Synthetic zeolites are then used to drug carrier amoxicillin with parameter adsorption and desorption. The results of characterization of the synthesized zeolite seen from the functional groups and diffraction patterns show similarities with zeolite A. The pore diameter of synthetic zeolite is 7.44 Å and its surface area is 3.456 m2/g. While amoxicillin released for zeolite as 1.561 mg/g or 29.144%.
Perbandingan Metode Destruksi Sedimen Sungai Kaligarang pada Analisis Logam Cu Menggunakan Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (FAAS) Kristiyana, Kristiyana; Prasetya, Agung Tri; Kasmui, Kasmui
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.28756

Abstract

Abstrak Telah dilakukan perbandingan terhadap dua metode destruksi basah untuk analisis logam Cu dalam sedimen Sungai Kaligarang Semarang, yaitu destruksi basah menggunakan HNO3-HClO4 dan HNO3-H2O2 menggunakan FAAS. Validasi metode dilakukan untuk menentukan kelayakan metode destruksi berdasarkan beberapa parameter uji meliputi uji linieritas penentuan limit of detection (LoD) dan limit of quantitation (LoQ), uji akurasi, dan presisi. Linieritas kurva standar Cu dengan FAAS diperoleh sebesar 0,999174 dengan nilai LoD dan LoQ berturut-turut adalah 0,1788 mg/L dan 0,5960 mg/L. Uji akurasi dilakukan dengan menghitung persen recovery untuk metode destruksi HNO3-HClO4 sebesar 98,61% dan metode destruksi HNO3-H2O2 sebesar 91,23% (syarat keberterimaan 75-120%). Uji presisi dilakukan dengan pendekatan repeatability dihitung sebagai %RSD hasil yang diperoleh untuk metode destruksi HNO3-HClO4 sebesar 1,53% dan metode destruksi HNO3-H2O2 sebesar 0,44% (syarat keberterimaan 2%). Konsentrasi Cu dalam sampel sedimen Sungai Kaligarang sesuai dengan metode destruksi basah menggunakan HNO3-HClO4 sebesar 36,4969 mg/kg dan HNO3-H2O2 sebesar 39,1904 mg/kg. Hasil uji t tidak berpasangan menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada rata-rata konsentrasi Cu dari kedua metode pengujian. Berdasarkan hasil analisis validasi metode disimpulkan bahwa metode destruksi menggunakan HNO3-HClO4 dan HNO3-H2O2 dapat digunakan untuk mendestruksi sedimen yang dibuktikan dengan hasil dari uji akurasi dan presisi yang memenuhi syarat keberterimaan. Abstract Comparison of two methods of wet digestion has been carried out for the analysis of Cu in the sediment of the Kaligarang River Semarang, namely wet destruction using HNO3-HClO4 and HNO3-H2O2 using FAAS. The method validation is done to determine the feasibility of the digestion method based on several test parameters including the linearity test for the determination of limit of detection (LoD) and the limit of quantitation (LoQ), accuracy, and precision. The linearity of the Cu standard FAAS curve is 0,9992 with LoD and LoQ values ​​respectively 0,1788 mg/L and 0,5960 mg/L. Accuracy test was carried out by calculating percent recovery for the method of digestion of HNO3-HClO4 by 98,61% and the method of digestion of HNO3-H2O2 by 91,23% (acceptability requirement 75-120%). The precision test carried out with a repeatability approach was calculated as %RSD. The results obtained for the method of digestion of HNO3-HClO4 were 1,53% and the method of digestion of HNO3-H2O2 was 0,44% (acceptance requirement 2%). The Cu concentration in the sediment samples of the Kaligarang River is in accordance with the method of wet digestion using HNO3-HClO4 of 36.4969 mg/kg and HNO3-H2O2 of 39,1904 mg/kg. The results of unpaired t test indicate that there are significant differences in the average Cu concentration of the two test methods. Based on the results of the method validation analysis it was concluded that the method of digestion using HNO3-HClO4 and HNO3-H2O2 can be used to destroy sediments as evidenced by the results of accuracy and precision tests that meet the acceptability requirements.
Pengaruh Massa Graphene Oxide dan Daya Microwave Terhadap Sintesis Graphene Melalui Iradiasi Microwave Amalia, Alfi Nurul; Rahayu, Endah Fitriani
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33077

Abstract

Reduksi Graphene Oxide (GO) menjadi graphene dilakukan dengan bantuan iradiasi microwave dalam media air menghasilkan luas permukaan tinggi dari lembaran tipis graphene. Lembaran nano graphene bertindak sebagai susceptor di bawah iradiasi microwave yang memberikan pemanasan cukup cepat untuk mengelupas GO dan menghilangkan gugus oksigen secara efektif. Massa GO dan daya microwave memegang peranan penting dalam meningkatkan kualitas graphene dan mencegah kecacatan. Dari ketiga variasi pembuatan graphene dari Graphene Oxide (GO) melalui iradiasi microwave yaitu 0,1 g-450 Watt, 0,1 g-630 Watt dan 0,02 g-450 Watt menunjukkan gugus oksigen yang paling rendah terdapat pada variasi graphene 0,02 g-450 Watt. Hal ini mengindikasikan semakin kecil massa GO dan semakin tinggi daya microwave maka semakin banyak graphene yang terbentuk.
Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Senyawa Triterpenoid dari Biji Karika (Carica pubescens) Farikhah, Aflin Nur; Mursiti, Sri; Prasetya, Agung Tri
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33173

Abstract

Karika merupakan tumbuhan khas dataran tingi Dieng yang bijinya dimanfaatkan oleh penduduk sekitar sebagai obat karena didalamnya terdapat kandungan metabolit sekunder diantaranya adalah senyawa triterpenoid. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan senyawa aktif dalam ekstrak biji karika dan efektivitasnya sebagai bakteri. Ekstraksi senyawa aktif biji karika menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut n-heksan dan etanol. Ekstrak etanol dipartisi menggunakan metode ekstraksi cair-cair dengan pelarut petroleum eter. Hasil partisi dilakukan uji antibakteri terhadap Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus. Isolat diidentifikasi menggunakan spketrofotometer UV-Vis dan spektrofotometer FT-IR. Hasil identifikasi menunjukkan isolat memiliki serapan maksimum pada panjang gelombang 245 nm serta memiliki gugus fungsi O-H, C-H alifatik, C=O, gem dimetil, -C-O. Uji antibakteri yang dilakukan menggunakan metode cakram, dari hasil yang didapat menunjukkan senyawa triterpenoid hasil isolasi memiliki aktivitas antibakteri lemah dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Escherichia coli dan Staphylococcus aureus.
Optimalisasi Konsentrasi Demulsifier pada Proses Demulsifikasi MInyak Mentah dalam Slop Oil Resti, Ade; Kusumastuti, Ella; G, Agnesya Putri; Jumaeri, Jumaeri; Wijayati, Nanik
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33502

Abstract

Recovery of the crude oil component in slop oil has the potential to increase the economic value of the slop oil component of the crude oil obtained can be reprocessed, with the demulsification process using two kinds of demulsifiers are Dem-02 and Dem-17. The purpose of this research is to study the variations in demulsifier added to the separated water, and effect of optimum concentration to characterize the crude oil added to viscosity, density, %BS&W, water content, oil content, ash content and metal content (Al, Fe, Ca and Si ) after warming up 24 hours. The results showed the amount of concentration variation of the demulsifier affected the amount of the percentage of water seperation. The more concentrations added the more water water sparation. The optimal demulsifier concentration is at 16.000 ppm. The results of SO-01 and SO-02 slop oil characterization before demulsification each had viscosity of 79.0861 cSt and 408.4904 cSt, density of 0.9842 gr / mL and 0.9806 gr / mL, percentage of BS&W 90% and 80% , ash content 0.9376% and 0.9619%. After demulsification of viscosity 10.2124 cSt and 37.0041, density 0.9052 mg / mL and 0.9119 gr / mL, BS&W percentage 30%, oil content 0.8350% and 1.0505%, water content 19.2% , ash content 1.8869% and 1.8822%. Al, Fe, Ca and Si metal content in slop oil. After demulsification increases with increasing ash content slop from demulsification.
Optimasi Metode Analisis Kadar Surfaktan Anion Menggunakan Methylen Blue Active Subtances dengan Spektrofotometer Ultraviolet Visible Pratiwi, Endiyana; Prasetya, Agung Tri
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33517

Abstract

The method of analyzing the levels of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate through optimization of various variations including; pH; complex stability time; and the effect of the amount of boric acid interference by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer with a wavelength of 651 nm. The optimization results show that Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate is optimal under conditions of pH 5.98. Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate was stable until 60 minutes to minutes without any color concentration and no precipitate appeared, then it did not affect the boric acid interference in the Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate of 0.008 mmol. The optimization results will be used to determine the level Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in the application using laundry waste. The application of the results of optimization into laundry waste shows that there are 1.6, 3.08, and 4.18% of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate levels used in laundry services today. These results can be said that the level of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate in this sample of laundry waste has exceeded the standard set by the Government Regulation which is equal to 1.18, 1.23, and 1.10 mg / L.
Uji Aktivitas Katalitik Hidrodesulfurisasi Campuran Light Gas Oil (LGO) dan Light Diesel Oil (LDO) dengan Katalis CoMo/ γ-Al2O3 Ulya, Isnaeni Nurul; Jumaeri, Jumaeri; Wawan, Wawan; Rahayu, Endah Fitriani; Wijayati, Nanik
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33525

Abstract

Diesel oil is a fossil fuel that is the main source of energy consumed excessively which can cause problems in the environment such as air pollution. This study aims to eliminate sulfur type impurities in diesel oil by hydrotreating process, one of which is through the hydrodesulfurization process. In this study studied the catalytic activity of CoMo / Al2O3 in the HDS process of LGO and LDO blends using Reactor Fixed-Bed Pilot-Plant scale. The effect of parameters on the HDS process was studied by varying temperatures of 330oC, 350oC, 370oC and the influence of the Liquid Hourly Space Velocity (LHSV) 1 hour-1, 1.5 hours-1, 2 hours-1. The results showed an increase in HDS activity of up to 99.99% at an increase in temperature of 370oC with LHSV 1 hour-1.CoMo/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was able to reduce sulfur content at temperatures of 330oC, 350oC, and 370oC with LHSV 1 hour-1 of 16.56 ppm; 3.85 ppm; 3.79 ppm. From all the results of the analysis it can be concluded that the optimum HDS process at a temperature of 370oC and LHSV 1 hour-1. The decrease in sulfur content obtained is in accordance with European country standards (Euro V), where the sulfur diesel oil content is lower than 10 ppm. The catalytic activity of CoMo/γ-Al2O3 shows that it increases the HDS process and can reduce activation energy by 18.49 Kj/mol.
Dimethyl Phthalate Adsorption Using a Composite of Activated Carbon from Black Liquor-diatomite Yasmine, Luigy Maurizka; Sari, Ajeng Arum; Sulistyaningsih, Triastuti
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i2.33837

Abstract

Dimethyl phthalate is one of the main chemicals in the manufacture of plastics which is harmful to human health because it can be easily absorbed in the body through the skin and is toxic so it is necessary to do a waste treatment process. Adsorption is an alternative method for reducing the levels of dimethyl phthalate in liquid waste. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adsorption efficiency on dimethyl phthalate using a composite activated carbon from black liquor-diatomite. A composite activated carbon from black liquor-diatomite were contacted with dimethyl phthalate using the batch method at 120 minutes contact time at 30°C and pH 5, the variations tested were the concentration and dosage adsorbent. Testing samples using GC-MS. The results showed optimum dimethyl phthalate adsorption at a concentration of 1 ppm with a contact time of 120 minutes, an adsorbent dose of 0.05 gram and a pH of 5 at 64.2%.
Sintesis ρ-mentana-3,8-diol dan Aplikasinya sebagai Gel Air Freshener Penolak Nyamuk Aedes aegypti Syafi'i, Imam; Cahyono, Edy; Mahatmanti, F. Widhi; Alighiri, Dante
Indonesian Journal of Chemical Science Vol 9 No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15294/ijcs.v9i3.34086

Abstract

ρ-Menthane-3,8-diol (PMD) has been synthesized from citronellal with citric acid catalyst through a cyclization process by stirring and heating. Citric acid is used as a substitute for sulfuric acid in PMD because it is cheap, safe and is an effective alternative to synthesis. The result of PMD synthesis from citronellal by 5 g citronellal; 7 g of citric acid solution 10%; for 8 hours stirring at 50o temperature were obtained 71.15% yield; 100.00% conversion; and 71.15% selectivity. PMD gel air freshener is made using PMD then formulated with carrageenan as a gelling agent with PMD variations. The higher PMD content in gel increase the water holding capacity. The best mosquito repellent strength was obtained from PMD gel with 15% PMD which has the greatest mosquito repellent strength in 60 minute (65.00%).

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