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All Journal Global Medical and Health Communication
Fen Tih
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, Bandung

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The Effect of a Combination Cream Containing 4% Licorice Extract, 5% Tranexamic Acid, and Dexpanthenol in Liposome on Melanin Levels and Expression of Microphthalmia-associated Transcription Factor (MITF) in UV-B Exposed Rat (Rattus norvegicus) Skin Jeanny Indriani; Diana Krisanti Jasaputra; Fen Tih
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 13 No. 2 (2025): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v13i2.8242

Abstract

Melanin synthesis is regulated by the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), a crucial regulator of melanogenesis. The combination of licorice extract and tranexamic acid has been known to exhibit synergistic effects in addressing hyperpigmentation. Additionally, the inclusion of dexpanthenol in liposome formulations can enhance the absorption of topical drugs, improve their effectiveness, and reduce side effects associated with topical treatments. This study aimed to investigate the effects of a combination cream containing 4% licorice extract, 5% tranexamic acid, and dexpanthenol in liposomes on improving hyperpigmentation in UV-B-exposed Wistar rat skin, as assessed by melanin levels and MITF gene expression. This research was carried out in the laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Maranatha, and the Iratco Laboratory, Bogor, Indonesia, from April to December 2024. The results showed that the application of the combination cream significantly reduced melanin levels. In the treatment group, the lowest average melanin level was observed at 0.869±0.263, compared to 2.763±0.398 in the negative control group and 6.391±0.430 in the vehicle control group (p<0.0001). The combination cream also significantly reduced MITF expression, with the treatment group showing the lowest average MITF expression at 0.306±0.201, compared to 1.025±0.102 in the negative control group and 2.320±0.112 in the vehicle control group (p=0.000). It can be concluded that the combination cream containing 4% licorice extract, 5% tranexamic acid, and dexpanthenol in liposome effectively reduced melanin levels and MITF expression in UV-B-exposed Wistar rat skin.
Effect of Glutathione Supplementation on Glutathione Peroxidase Levels and Melasma Severity Index in Patients with Melasma Dita Eka Sartika Putri Dewi; Fen Tih; Julia Windi Gunadi
Global Medical & Health Communication (GMHC) Vol. 14 No. 2 (2026): Accredited Sinta 2
Publisher : UPT Publikasi Ilmiah Universitas Islam Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29313/gmhc.v14i2.8501

Abstract

Melasma is a hyperpigmentation disorder characterized by increased melanin production, commonly affecting women. Chronic UV exposure increases reactive oxygen species (ROS), and when ROS exceed the body's antioxidant capacity, oxidative stress occurs and is mitigated by glutathione peroxidase (GPx). However, evidence linking oral glutathione supplementation to endogenous GPx activity in patients with melasma remains limited. This study aims to evaluate the effect of glutathione supplementation on GPx levels and melasma severity in patients with melasma. A quasi-experimental, single-blind, pre-post study with a placebo control group was conducted at CITO Laboratory in South Jakarta among 54 women aged 30–59 years with melasma between December 2023 and May 2024. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups: a treatment group receiving oral reduced L-glutathione 500 mg once daily for one month, and a control group receiving a matched placebo tablet. GPx levels were measured in serum by ELISA, and modified melasma area and severity index (mMASI) scores were assessed before and after treatment; data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for within-group comparisons and the Mann-Whitney U test for between-group comparisons at baseline. In the glutathione group, the median GPx level increased from 11.70 to 16.67 (p<0.001) and the median mMASI score decreased from 4.1 to 2.0 (p<0.001), whereas the placebo group showed no significant change in either GPx level (11.81 to 12.26, p=0.279) or mMASI score (0.6 to 0.6, p=0.250). In conclusion, these findings indicate that oral glutathione supplementation increases GPx levels and reduces melasma severity, suggesting that its clinical benefit may be mediated by strengthening the endogenous enzymatic antioxidant defense. Oral glutathione may therefore be considered a potential adjunct therapy for melasma; however, larger multicentre, double-blind trials with longer follow-up and additional oxidative stress biomarkers are needed to confirm these findings.
Co-Authors Diana Krisanti Jasaputra Dita Eka Sartika Putri Dewi Jeanny Indriani Julia Windi Gunadi