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All Journal Al-Zahra : Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies Abjadia, International Journal of Education
Wardah Nailah El-Izzah Atulolon
Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang
Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Other

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Arabic as Intellectual Resilience: Egypt's Linguistic Continuity Amid the Crusades and Mongol Invasions Amanda Putri; Nadia Arrifqi; Khoirun Nisa; Wardah Nailah El-Izzah Atulolon; Ahmad Kholil
Abjadia : International Journal of Education Vol 11, No 2 (2026): Abjadia
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/abj.v11i2.37377

Abstract

This article examines the role of Arabic as a foundation of intellectual resilience in Egypt during the Crusades and the Mongol invasions, particularly under the Ayyubid and Mamluk dynasties. It focuses on how Arabic functioned in sustaining the continuity of knowledge, reinforcing religious identity, supporting political legitimacy, and accommodating cultural interaction during periods of major political disruption. This study employs a qualitative historical design using document analysis of relevant historical and scholarly sources. The data were interpreted through a historical-interpretive approach to identify recurring patterns concerning the relationship between language, intellectual continuity, and civilizational resilience in medieval Egypt. The findings suggest that, within the documented historical context, Arabic functioned not only as a medium of scholarly communication but also as a language of religious authority, educational transmission, and political legitimacy. Educational institutions such as Al-Azhar and Ayyubid madrasas played an important role in preserving Arabic as the main language of religious and intellectual instruction, while the Mamluk administration employed Arabic to reinforce Islamic political authority despite the rulers’ non-Arab background. The study also finds that Arabic showed linguistic adaptability by incorporating foreign elements from Turkish, Persian, and Mongol influences without losing its central intellectual and cultural role. This article argues that, in medieval Egypt, Arabic served as an important instrument for preserving Islamic intellectual traditions and sustaining civilizational continuity during times of crisis.
Musāhamat Ta‘allum al-Lughah al-‘Arabiyyah fī Tanmiyat al-Dhakā’ al-‘Aqlī Wardah Nailah El-izzah Atulolon; Safira Budiaty Nafi'a; Ade Irvan; Khoirun Nisa; Amanda Putri; Syaiful Mustofa
Al-Zahra : Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies Vol. 22 No. 2 (2025): Al-Zahra: Journal for Islamic and Arabic Studies
Publisher : Fakultas Dirasat Islamiyah, Univitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15408/zr.v22i2.48791

Abstract

Arabic is often perceived merely as a tool for religious communication; however, its rich semantic structure, systematic grammatical logic, and demanding usage require precision of thought and sharp analytical skills. This study aims to explain the role of Arabic language learning in enhancing intellectual intelligence, focusing on learning processes that strengthen cognitive aspects and activities that foster such development. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach through literature analysis and in-depth interviews, the data were interpretively examined to reveal the relationship between language-learning activities and students’ cognitive growth. The findings indicate that problem-solving abilities improve through activities such as developing instructional media, participating in Qira’atul Kutub competitions, and undertaking TOAFL training, all of which demand accuracy and rapid analysis. Practical intelligence develops through Muhadatsah Yaumiyah, reading exercises (Qira’ah), and mastery of word inflection (Tashrif), which cultivate cognitive flexibility. Verbal integration is reinforced through Arabic debates (Munazarah), speech training (Khitobah), and news reading (Qira’atul Akhbar), requiring precise diction and coherent argumentation. This study highlights the holistic contribution of Arabic to three key components of intellectual intelligence by integrating theoretical analysis with field-based evidence.
Co-Authors Ade Irvan Ahmad Kholil Amanda Putri Khoirun Nisa Nadia Arrifqi Safira Budiaty Nafi'a Syaiful Mustofa